Question 1 (16 points total)
(12 points) List the six steps of the instruction fetch and execute cycle in their given (and correct) order.

1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. _____________________________
5. _____________________________
6. _____________________________

Question 2 (6 points)
What 2 programs are used to translate high level language source code into machine code?

1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________

Question 3 (6 points)

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX  4
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   int array[MAX];
   int i;

   for (i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
      array[i] = i;
   }

   printf("array element is %d\n", *(array + MAX));
   return(0);
}

Question 4 (8 points, 4 points each)
Show your work in binary in doing the following 8-bit, two's complement integer operations. Give your answer in binary. For any integer arithmetic operation that causes overflow, write the word OVERFLOW next to the computed answer.

     11111101
   + 11101001
   -----------








     10110110
   - 11111100
   -----------



 

Question 5 (12 points)
Do 2 things:

1. Using the diagram next to the code for the program variables, complete the diagram to show the values of each of the variables as the program runs. Use decimal values for the integers and arrows for the pointers.
2. Write the output from an execution of this C program.

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   int x;
   int y;
   int z;                     ------        ------
   int *px;                x |      |      |      | px
   int *py;                   ------        ------
   int *pz;
                              ------        ------
   x = 1;                  y |      |      |      | py
   y = 2;                     ------        ------
   z = 3;
   px = &x;                   ------        ------
   py = &y;                z |      |      |      | pz
   pz = &z;                   ------        ------

   *px = *pz;

   y = *pz + 10;

   *pz = *py + x;

   py = px;

   printf("x = %d, *px = %d\n", x, *px);
   printf("y = %d, *py = %d\n", y, *py);
   printf("z = %d, *pz = %d\n", z, *pz);

   return(0);
}

Question 6 (6 points)
The 32-bit variable A initially contains the (hexadecimal) value 0xffffaaaa.
The 32-bit variable B initially contains the (hexadecimal) value 0xccccffff.

The following invented assembly language instructions are executed using these variables.

  xor  C, A, B
  rotl D, C, 4

• The first operand is the destination for the result.
• xor is a bitwise exclusive or instruction.
• rotl is a rotate left instruction, and the third (last) operand specifies the number of bits by which to rotate.