Git is a distributed version control system that helps developers track changes in their code, collaborate with others, and manage project history efficiently. Understanding Git's workflow and commands is essential for modern software development.
Git workflow showing the relationship between different areas and commands.
Git uses several distinct areas to manage your files and their history. Understanding these areas is crucial to using Git effectively.
This is your local file system where you create, edit, and delete files. Changes here are not yet tracked by Git.
Also called the "index", this is where you prepare changes before committing them. It acts as a middle ground between your working directory and repository.
This is Git's database on your local machine where committed changes are permanently stored. Each commit creates a snapshot of your project.
A version of your repository hosted on a server (like GitHub or GitLab) that enables collaboration with other developers.
These are the fundamental Git commands you'll use regularly to manage your code and collaborate with others.
Moves changes from the working directory to the staging area. You can add specific files or all changes.
Takes the staged changes and saves them permanently to the local repository with a descriptive message.
Uploads your local commits to a remote repository, making them available to other team members.
Downloads changes from a remote repository and integrates them into your local repository.
Switches between branches or restores files from a specific commit. Also used to create new branches.
Learn more about Git from these excellent resources: