OED Online main entry text frame

(kamkm) Forms: 7 chaima-, chayma-, cayma-, 7-9 caima-, 7- kaima-; 7 -con, 7-8 -can, 7-9 -kan, -cham, -cam, 8- -kam; 20 qaimaqam. [Turkish qimaqm, ad. Arab. q'im maqm one standing in the place (of another), f. q'im standing + maqm place, station.]

In Turkey and regions under Turkish influence: A lieutenant, deputy, substitute; a lieutenant-colonel; a deputy-governor; spec. the deputy of the Grand Vizier, and governor of Constantinople.

1682
c1645 1772
1718 1876
1820 1970
1961

c1645 HOWELL Lett. III. xxi. (1705) 127 He desir'd him to leave a charge with the Caimacham, his deputy. 1682 WHELER Journ. Greece II. 180 All Civil and Criminal Causes are tryed by the Vizier, or his Deputy, the Chaimacham. 1718 LADY M. W. MONTAGU Let. to C'tess Bristol 10 Apr., I was forced to send three times to the caimaikan (the governor of the town). 1772 Hartford Merc. Suppl. 18 Sept. 1/1 The victory of Ali-Bey over the Kiaja of the new Caimacan of Egypt. 1820 T. S. HUGHES Trav. Sicily I. vi. 188 His caimacam or vice-roy. 1876 GLADSTONE Bulg. Horrors 61 The Turks..their Kaimakams and their Pashas, one and all, bag and baggage. 1961 Times 17 July 11/2 The then Shaikh of Kuwait, who in the following year was invested with the rank of qaimaqam. 1970 H. TREVELYAN Middle East in Revolution 182 When in 1899 Mubarak as Sabah of Kuwait murdered his brothers, he sought protection with the Turkish Government which gave him the honorary title of Qaimaqam or Sub-Governor of a district.

Hence kaimakamlik, the jurisdiction of a kaimakam.