The need to transfer extremely large files over very high bandwidth network 
paths is becoming more and more common.  Current window-based transport 
protocols often limit throughput to a level well below what might otherwise 
be achievable.  In this paper we describe and evaluate the Tornado Transport 
Protocol (TTP) which is designed to be reliable, to achieve very high 
throughput and to maintain an adjustable level of TCP-friendliness.  
Reliability is achieved through the use of efficient forward error 
correction.  High throughput is achieved by eliminating the need for 
acknowledgment-based pacing from the receiver.  TCP-friendliness is
achieved by setting a threshold to specify when to react to loss.  We 
compare TTP with an out-of-the-box configuration of TCP NewReno and two 
TCP-based methods for high throughput file transfers under a variety of 
traffic conditions.  Our simulations show that for large file transfers 
in long delay, large bandwidth environments, TTP achieves throughput 
nearly an order of magnitude higher than out-of-the-box TCP NewReno, and 
up to 300\% higher than the next best high performance transport protocol.  
In each case we assess TCP-friendliness and find that TTP effectively allows 
competing TCP flows a fair share of bandwidth.