Kernels

1 - Edsger W. Dijkstra
The Structure of the "THE" Multiprogramming System
Communications of the ACM 11(5), May 1968.

2 - Per Brinch Hansen
The Nucleus of a Multiprogramming System
Communications of the ACM 13(4), April 1970

3 - W. Wulf, E. Cohen, W. Corwin, A. Jones, R. Levin, C. Pierson, and F. Pollack
HYDRA: The Kernel of a Multiprocessor Operating System
Communications of the ACM 17(6), June 1974, pp. 337-344.

4 - Ritchie, D.M. and Thompson, K.
The UNIX Time-Sharing System
Communications of the ACM, Vol. 17, No. 7, July 1974, pp. 365-375.

5 - David D. Redell, Yogen K. Dalal, Thomas R. Horsley, Hugh C. Lauer, William C. Lynch, Paul R. McJones, Hal G. Murray, and Stephen C.Purcell
Pilot: An Operating System for a Personal Computer
Communications of the ACM 23(2), February 1980, pp. 81-92.

6 - Edouard Bugnion, Scott Devine, Mendel Rosenblum.
Disco: Running Commodity Operating Systems on Scalable Multiprocessors
Proceedings of The Sixteenth Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP '97)
If this paper was interesting, check out VMWare

7 - Dawson Engler and M. Frans Kaashoek
Exterminate All Operating System Abstractions
Fifth Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS-V), Orcas Island, Washington, May, 1995

8 - Dawson R. Engler, M. Frans Kaashoek, and James O'Toole Jr.
Exokernel: An Operating System Architecture for Application-level Resource Management
In the Proceedings of the 15th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP '95), Copper Mountain Resort, Colorado, December 1995, pages 251-266.

9 - Margo Seltzer, Yasuhiro Endo, Christopher Small, Keith Smith
Dealing with Disaster: Surviving Misbehaved Kernel Extensions
In the Proceedings of the 1996 Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation (OSDI II).

10 - Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau, Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau
Information and Control in Gray-Box Systems
In the Proceedings of the 18th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP '01)

11 - J. Bradley Chen and Brian Bershad
The Impact of Operating System Structure on Memory System Performance
14th Symposium on Operating System Principles (SOSP '93), 1993.

File and Storage Systems

12 - McKusick, M.K., Joy, W.N., Leffler, S.J., and Fabry, R.S.
A Fast File System for UNIX
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, Vol. 2, No. 3, August 1984, pp. 181-197.

13 - Rosenblum, M. and Ousterhout, J.
The Design and Implementation of a Log-Structured File System
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, Vol. 10, No. 1, February 1992, pp. 26-52.

14 - Patterson, D., Gibson, G., and Katz, R.,
A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)
Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data, Chicago IL, June 1988.

15 - Wilkes, J., Golding, R., Staelin, C., and Sullivan, T.
The HP AutoRAID Hierarchical Storage System
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, Copper Mountain, CO, December 1995, pp. 96-108.

16 - Sandberg, R., Goldberg, D., Kleiman, S., Walsh, D., and Lyon, B.
Design and Implementation of the Sun Network Filesystem
Proceedings of the Summer 1985 USENIX Conference, Portland OR, June 1985, pp. 119-130.
For current NFS info, read Sun NFS details

17 - Howard, J.H., Kazar, M.L., Menees, S.G., Nichols, D.A., Satyanarayanan, M., Sidebotham, R.N., and West, M.J.
Scale and Performance in a Distributed File System
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, Vol. 6, No. 1, February 1988, pp. 51-81

18 - James J. Kistler, M. Satyanarayanan
Disconnected Operation in the Coda File System
13th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP '91), Asilomar, California, pp. 213-225. October 1991

19 - Baker, M., Hartman, J., Kupfer, M., Shirriff, K., and Ousterhout, J.
Measurements of a Distributed File System
Proceedings of the Thirteenth Symposium on Operating System Principles, Pacific Grove CA, October 1991, pp. 198-212.

20 - Vivek Pai, Peter Druschel and Willy Zwaenepoel
IO-Lite: A Unified I/O Buffering and Caching System
Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI'99), New Orleans, LA, February 1999

Threads and Scheduling

21 - C.A.R. Hoare
Monitors: An Operating System Structuring Concept
Communications of the ACM 17, 10, October 1974, pp. 549-557

22 - Butler W. Lampson, David D. Redell
Experiences with Processes and Monitors in Mesa
Communications of the ACM, 23 2, February 1980, pp. 105-117.

23 - Waldspurger, C.A. and Weihl, W.E.
Lottery Scheduling: Flexible Proportional-Share Resource Mangement
Proceedings of the First Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, Monterey CA, November 1994, pp. 1-11.

24 - Banga, G., Druschel, P,. Mogul, J.
Resource Containers: A New Facility for Resource Management in Server Systems
Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation (OSDI-III), New Orleans, LA, February, 1999, 45-58.

25 - Anderson, T., Bershad, B., Lazowska, E., and Levy, H.
Scheduler Activations: Effective Kernel Support for the User-Level Management of Parallelism
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, Vol. 10, No. 1, February 1992, pp. 53-79.

Memory Management and Protection

26 - Levy, H. and Lipman, P.,
Virtual Memory Management in the VAX/VMS Operating System
IEEE Computer, Vol. 15, No. 3, March 1982, pp. 35-41.

27 - Rashid, R., Tevanian, A., Young, M., Golub, D., Baron, R., Black, D., Bolosky, W., and Chew, J.
Machine-Independent Virtual Memory Management for Paged Uniprocessor and Multiprocessor Architectures
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Palo Alto CA, October 1987, pp. 31-39.

28 - Daley, R.C., and Dennis, J.B.
Virtual Memory, Processes, and Sharing in MULTICS
Communications of the ACM, Vol. 11, No. 5, May 1968, pp. 306-312.

Security

29 - Dorothy E. Denning and Peter J. Denning
Data Security
Computing Surveys, Vol. 11, No. 3, September 1979, pp. 227-249.

30 - Roger M. Needham and Michael D. Schroeder
Using Encryption for Authentication in Large Networks of Computers
Communications of the ACM 21(12), December 1978, pp.993-999.

Interprocess Communication and Networking

31 - Andrew D. Birrell and Bruce Jay Nelson
Implementing Remote Procedure Calls
ACM Trans. on Computer Systems 2(1), February 1984, pp. 39-59.

32 - Thorsten von Eicken, Anindya Basu, Vineet Buch, Werner Vogels
U-Net: A User-Level Network Interface for Parallel and Distributed Computing
Proceedings of the 15th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, Copper Mountain Resort, Colorado, December 1995, 40-53.