[Gia'o du.c] So^' lu+o+.ng hay cha^'t lu+o+.ng ?

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Pho^? ca^.p trung ho.c co+ so+?
So^' lu+o+.ng hay cha^'t lu+o+.ng ?

Cuo^'i na(m 1995, TP.HCM hoa`n tha`nh pho^? ca^.p gia'o du.c tie^?u ho.c
va` chuye^?n sang bu+o+'c ngoa(.t mo+'i: chua^?n bi. cho pho^? ca^.p
trung ho.c co+ so+? (PCTHCS). Lu'c ba^'y gio+`, nhie^`u chuye^n tra'ch
pho^? ca^.p ca'c qua^.n, huye^.n va` ca? va`i ca'n bo^. so+? dda~ to? y'
e nga.i: "Gay go la('m...". The^' nhu+ng chi? mo^.t na(m sau ddo' hai
qua^.n 10, Go` Va^'p va` ro^`i vo^ so^' phu+o+`ng, xa~ lie^n tie^'p
hoa`n tha`nh PCTHCS. DDa^y la` mo^.t ti'n hie^.u dda'ng mu+`ng, bo+?i
tri`nh ddo^. da^n tri' cu?a thanh nie^n tha`nh pho^' dda~ ddu+o+.c na^ng
cao nhanh cho'ng. Nhu+ng... 

* Chi? tie^u... so^' lu+o+.ng 
Theo chi? tie^u cu?a So+? GD-DDT thi` na(m ho.c 1996-1997 bo^'n qua^.n
10, Ta^n Bi`nh, Go` Va^'p, Phu' Nhua^.n se~ hoa`n tha`nh PCTHCS 100%
so^' phu+o+`ng va` ca'c qua^.n 1,3,5 hoa`n tha`nh 2/3 phu+o+`ng...
Nhu+~ng con so^' chi? tie^u dda~ la`m nhie^`u phu+o+`ng, qua^.n lo
la('ng. Thu+? nhi`n la.i o+? tho+`i ddie^?m 1991-1992, hie^.u sua^'t
dda`o ta.o cho tha^'y trung bi`nh trong 100 HS no^.i tha`nh chi? co'
66,5 em to^'t nghie^.p tie^?u ho.c, trong ddo' Go` Va^'p chi? co' 68,3
em, qua^.n 10 co' 69,8 em, qua^.n 1 co' 72,3 em...; chu+a ke^? so^'
kho^ng va`o ho.c lo+'p 6. Va` sau bo^'n na(m ca^'p II, na(m ho.c
1995-1996 chi? co`n 68,62% (qua^.n 10), 78,13% (Go` Va^'p), 82,10% (Ta^n
Bi`nh), 75,90% (qua^.n 1)... trong so^' ddo' to^'t nghie^.p THCS. Nhu+
va^.y dda~ co' mo^.t so^' ra^'t lo+'n thanh thie^'u nie^n "ro+i ru.ng"
khi chu+a qua kho?i mu+'c THCS. Ha^.u qua? dde^? la.i cu?a nhu+~ng na(m
tru+o+'c dda~ khie^'n cho vie^.c hoa`n tha`nh pho^? ca^.p tro+? ne^n
kho' kha(n nhu+ ca'ch gia?i thi'ch cu?a o^ng Vu~ Va(n Anh, chuye^n
tra'ch Go` Va^'p: "Gay go nha^'t o+? hie^.u sua^'t dda`o ta.o, pha?i co'
80% ddo^'i tu+o+.ng tu+` 15-17 tuo^?i ddang hoa(.c dda~ ho.c xong lo+'p
cuo^'i ca^'p THCS (tie^u chua^?n 3), ne^n pha?i ddu+a ra lo+'p ca`ng
nhie^`u ca`ng to^'t, nha^'t la` ca'c lo+'p cuo^'i ca^'p". 
Nhu+~ng tha'ng ga^`n dda^y, tu+` kha('p no+i chu'ng to^i nghe tin ca'c
lo+'p PCTHCS ddo^`ng loa.t khai gia?ng. Nhie^`u qua^.n kha^?n tru+o+ng,
ga^'p ru't dde^? so+'m hoa`n tha`nh chi? tie^u. "Ba('t dda^`u dda^?y
ma.nh pho^? ca^.p tu+` na(m 1995, lu'c a^'y chu'ng to^i chi? co' 70,53%
ddang va` dda~ xong lo+'p cuo^'i ca^'p - Khoa Khanh, chuye^n tra'ch
pho^? ca^.p qua^.n 10, ke^? - Va^'n dde^` dda(.t ra la` trong hai na(m
chu'ng to^i pha?i ddem ddu+o+.c 730 em lo+'p 8, 9 ra lo+'p". Cu~ng vo+'i
ca'ch ti'nh tre^n, o^ng Vu~ Va(n Anh cho bie^'t: "Mo^~i na(m chu'ng to^i
pha?i co' i't nha^'t 500 em thi ca^'p II, o+? dda^u ra a` ? Chi? ca^`n
huy ddo^.ng ra lo+'p 8,9, mo^.t na(m co' hai ky` thi, ddo^n le^n trong
hai na(m chu'ng to^i ddu? tie^u chua^?n hoa`n tha`nh". 
Va` nhie^`u bie^.n pha'p ddu+o+.c trie^?n khai.Ta^'t ca? nha(`m dda?m
ba?o huy ddo^.ng va` duy tri` so^' lu+o+.ng. Va^ng, chu'ng to^i chi?
no'i dde^'n so^' lu+o+.ng, bo+?i HS co' the^? ddu+o+.c nha^.n va`o lo+'p
ba^'t ky` lu'c na`o dde^? dda.t cho ddu+o+.c ti? le^. 80% ddang va` dda~
ho.c lo+'p cuo^'i ca^'p thi` kho' lo`ng no'i dde^'n cha^'t lu+o+.ng. 

* Mo^.t na(m hai lo+'p 
"Ho.c theo chu+o+ng tri`nh bo^? tu'c va(n ho'a", ca'c chuye^n tra'ch
dde^`u cho chu'ng to^i bie^'t va^.y. Nhu+ va^.y HS chi? ho.c ca'c mo^n
chi'nh: va(n, tie^'ng Vie^.t, toa'n cho lo+'p 6; lo+'p 7 co' the^m mo^n
va^.t ly'; lo+'p 8, 9 the^m mo^n ho'a, sinh. Co`n tho+`i gian ho.c,
ha^`u nhu+ mo^~i qua^.n dde^`u "tu+. ddie^`u tie^'t" cho phu` ho+.p
vo+'i ke^' hoa.ch cu?a ddo+n vi. mi`nh. Do va^.y , dde^? ke^' hoa.ch
ca`ng so+'m hoa`n tha`nh thi` tho+`i gian ca`ng ru't nga('n, kho^ng chi?
hai na(m ho.c ba lo+'p ma` la` mo^.t na(m hai lo+'p (!?). 
Mo^.t GV da.y pho^? ca^.p o+? qua^.n 10 nghe chu'ng to^i ho?i chu+o+ng
tri`nh ho.c dda~ to? ve? nga.c nhie^n: "Tru+o+'c nay chu+a tha^'y co'
va(n ba?n hu+o+'ng da^~n chu+o+ng tri`nh na`o ca?, chu'ng to^i chi?
ddu+o+.c chi? dda.o mie^.ng ra^'t thoa'ng: cu+' la^'y chu+o+ng tri`nh
bo^? tu'c va(n ho'a hoa(.c chu+o+ng tri`nh ban nga`y gia?n lu+o+.c
bo+'t. DDa^`u kho'a, to^? tru+o+?ng ba'o dde^'n tho+`i gian na`o la`
he^'t kho'a, chu'ng to^i theo ddo' da`n chu+o+ng tri`nh ra da.y". Cu.
the^? la` da.y nhu+ the^' na`o? Tha^`y ke^?: "So vo+'i da.y o+? pho^?
tho^ng, tho+`i gian cu?a to^i dda~ gia?m ddi mo^.t nu+?a, nhu+ng to^i
chi? co^' ga('ng lu+o+.c bo? bo+'t 1/3 chu+o+ng tri`nh". Tha^`y pha^n
ti'ch mo^.t nghi.ch ly': vo+'i chu+o+ng tri`nh dda^`y ddu? ma` HS ban
nga`y cu~ng dda~ ho.c ra^'t va^'t va? vi` kho^ng co' tho+`i gian la`m
ba`i ta^.p, ne^n nhie^`u em dda~ pha?i ddi ho.c the^m. Huo^'ng gi` ban
dde^m HS dda~ ye^'u ma` ga^`n nhu+ chi? ho.c ly' thuye^'t ne^n ke'm la`
pha?i. 
O^ng Vu~ Va(n Anh cho bie^'t : "Pho`ng Gia'o du.c Go` Va^'p dda~ xa^y
du+.ng chu+o+ng tri`nh cu. the^? theo tu+`ng cu.m ddi.a ba`n, va` tu`y
ddi.a ba`n ma` dda(.t tro.ng ta^m tu+`ng bo^. mo^n, nhu+ng va^~n dda?m
ba?o so^' tie^'t qui ddi.nh va` cu~ng dda~ ta(ng the^m tie^'t co^ng da^n
cho ca'c kho^'i". Tuy nhie^n mo^.t GV toa'n kho^'i 9 la.i cho bie^'t :
"Giao so^' tie^'t nhu+ va^.y nhu+ng kho^ng da.y theo chu+o+ng tri`nh
ddu+o+.c, cu+' theo HS ma` da.y. Nhie^`u em bo? ho.c la^u kho^ng nho+'
gi` ca?, gia?ng to+'i dda^u pha?i nha('c la.i to+'i ddo', ra^'t cu+.c,
ne^n to^i chi? chu' tro.ng pha^`n tro.ng ta^m, lu+o+.c bo? nhu+~ng
pha^`n kho^ng quan tro.ng dde^? co' the^? the^m va`o ba`i ta^.p". Lo+'p
na`y co' ho+n chu.c HS. "Bao nhie^u em ho.c ddu+o+.c?" - to^i ho?i.
Tha^`y la('c dda^`u: "Chi? chu+`ng ba em". Nhu+ va^.y dda~ co' ra^'t
nhie^`u em "ngo^`i nha^`m lo+'p". Nhu+ng dde^? dda.t chi? tie^u, kho^ng
i't no+i "cu+' the^' ma` ddo^n le^n", dda(.t hoa`n toa`n ga'nh na(.ng
tre^n vai tha^`y co^. Vo+'i mu+'c lu+o+ng trung bi`nh 5.000
ddo^`ng/tie^'t (rie^ng qua^.n 1 tro+. ca^'p the^m cho GV pho^? ca^.p
dde^'n mu+'c 15.000 ddo^`ng/tie^'t), la.i the^m ho.c tro` "vu+`a ye^'u
vu+`a nghi.ch, ddi ho.c bu+~a ddu+o+.c bu+~a ma^'t, co' bie^.n pha'p
ma.nh thi` nghi? luo^n", ne^n mo+`i ddu+o+.c tha^`y co^ ddu+'ng lo+'p
kho^ng pha?i de^~. Mo^.t GV qua^.n 10 tie^'t lo^. "nhie^`u khi cu+'
la^'p lu+?ng nhu+ va^.y ma` co`n co' ngu+o+`i chi.u da.y; ddo`i ho?i
nhie^.t ti`nh, ye^u ca^`u cao cha('c kho'". Bo+?i va^.y o+? ddie^?m da.y
cu?a anh, mo^n toa'n GV pha?i lua^n phie^n nhau da.y mo^~i ngu+o+`i
mo^.t kho'a. 
Mo^.t GV chuye^n tra'ch qua^.n 1 ta^m su+. vo+'i to^i: "Qua^.n u?y, u?y
ban cu~ng so^'t ruo^.t dde^` nghi. chu'ng to^i co^' ga('ng hoa`n tha`nh
va`o cuo^'i na(m nay. Ne^'u ddo^'i pho', chu'ng to^i co' the^? la`m
ddu+o+.c ; nhu+ng la`m dde^? na^ng cao da^n tri', to^i nghi~ pha?i co'
tho+`i gian, co^' ga('ng pha?i dde^'n cuo^'i na(m 1998". Cha('c GV na`y
chu+a bie^'t ddu+o+.c ra(`ng ca'c no+i kha'c cu~ng ddang o^` a.t cha.y
ddua dde^? hoa`n tha`nh PCTHCS. Nhu+ng hoa`n tha`nh pho^? ca^.p trung
ho.c chi? ve^` ma(.t so^' lu+o+.ng tho^i, lie^.u co' ddu'ng kho^ng ? 
KIM LIE^N