Ba'o VN: luye^.n thi dda.i ho.c- kinh doanh tri thu+'c thua^`n tu'y?

[AnHai Doan <anhai@cs.washington.edu>]

              luye^.n thi dda.i ho.c- kinh doanh tri thu+'c thua^`n tu'y?

Nhu+~ng na(m tro+? la.i dda^y, nhu ca^`u tuye^?n sinh va`o ca'c tru+o+`ng
DdH, CDd, THCN, nga`y ca`ng cao ta.o ne^n su+. "bu`ng no^?" ca'c lo` luye^.n
thi. Ha` No^.i la` no+i ta^.p trung kha' nhie^`u ca'c lo` luye^.n thi, tu+`
da`i ha.n dde^'n nga('n ha.n, ca^'p to^'c, co' lo` "bi`nh da^n" bo^`i bo^?
kie^'n thu+'c cho ho.c sinh nghe`o tu+` ca'c ti?nh xa ve^`, co' lo` luye^.n
rie^ng cho "si~ tu+? qui' to^.c"...hi`nh thu+'c phong phu', dda da.ng. Vo`ng
qua ca'c lo` luye^.n thi va`o gio+` tan "ca ho.c" tha^'y cha^.t cu+'ng ddu?
loa.i phu+o+ng tie^.n, nho^.n nhi.p ho.c sinh va` phu. huynh, nhu+~ng
ngu+o+`i kho^ng ba`ng quan vo+'i tho+`i cuo^.c buo^.c pha?i dda(.t ca^u ho?i:
Lie^.u dda^y co' co`n la` vie^.c da.y the^m chi'nh dda'ng hay dda~ tro+?
tha`nh hoa.t ddo^.ng "kinh doanh tri thu+'c" thua^`n tu'y? 

"Cha^n dung" ca'c lo` luye^.n thi o+? Ha` No^.i

Su+. ra ddo+`i ca'c lo` luye^.n thi o+? Ha` No^.i ra^'t nhie^`u nhu+ng dda'ng
ke^? nha^'t la` o+? DdHBK, DdHSP, DdHTH- nhu+~ng trung ta^m dda~ to^`n ta.i
va` ddu+'ng vu+~ng cho dde^'n nga`y nay. Theo ti`m hie^?u, chu'ng to^i
ddu+o+.c bie^'t o+? DdHBK, ca'c lo+'p luye^.n thi do nhu ca^`u ve^` bo^. mo^n
dda da.ng ne^n chu? ye^'u la` nhu+~ng ca' nha^n ddu+'ng ra to^? chu+'c chie^u
sinh va` mo+`i gia'o vie^n ve^` da.y. Tru+o+`ng DdHSP thi` ddu+'ng tre^n danh
nghi~a cu?a tru+o+`ng, pha^n chia tu+`ng to^? chu+'c chie^u sinh va` to^?
chu+'c gia'o vie^n luye^.n thi. Kha'c vo+'i lo` luye^.n thi cu?a DdHSP,
tru+o+`ng DdHTH ha^`u nhu+ kho^ng co' lo+'p luye^.n thi na`o trong tru+o+`ng
nhu+ng ca'c ca' nha^n, ca'n bo^. trong tru+o+`ng va^~n to^? chu+'c ddu+o+.c
va` hoa.t ddo^.ng vo+'i nhi.p ddo^. kha' cao. 

Ca'c lo` luye^.n thi co' ra^'t nhie^`u loa.i hi`nh: luye^.n thi ca^'p to^'c 3
tha'ng va` luye^.n thi trong vo`ng 6 tha'ng... So^' lu+o+.ng ho.c sinh ra^'t
ddo^ng, trung bi`nh mo^.t lo+'p co' 50-100 ho.c sinh. Vi` va^.y, pha^`n lo+'n
trong ca'c lo` luye^.n thi pha?i pha^n chia ra nhie^`u ca ho.c. Mo^~i buo^?i
ho.c, ho.c sinh ddo'ng tu+` 3.500 ddo^`ng- 4000 ddo^`ng vo+'i ra^'t nhie^`u
hi`nh thu+'c thu, co' no+i thu theo ca? kho'a, co' no+i thu theo tha'ng,
tha^.m chi' co' no+i thu theo buo^?i ho.c. Dda^y la` mo^.t co+ che^' ''tho?a
thua^.n thoa'ng'', hoa`n toa`n to^n tro.ng quye^`n tu+. do lu+.a cho.n cu?a
"si~ tu+?"...Ngoa`i ra, kho^ng the^? kho^ng no'i dde^'n o+? Ha` No^.i co'
mo^.t so^' lo` luye^.n thi''dda(.c bie^.t" chu? ye^'u da`nh cho nhu+~ng ho.c
sinh "qui' to^.c". vo+'i gia' tro.n go'i cho mo^.t thi' sinh kho^ng du+o+'i 3
"ve'" co^.ng the^m su+. cam ke^'t ga^`n nhu+ cha('c cha('n: "si~ tu+?" se~
co' te^n trong "ba?ng va`ng" cu?a ki` thi sa('p to+'i... 

Ga(.p go+~ vo+'i mo^.t so^' gia'o vie^n ddang luye^.n thi, chu'ng to^i
ddu+o+.c bie^'t mo^~i buo^?i da.y, ho. ddu+o+.c hu+o+?ng 70% to^?ng thu tre^n
so^' lu+o+.ng ho.c sinh, co`n 30% da`nh cho ban to^? chu+'c va` mo^.t so^'
chi phi' kha'c. 

gio?i do^'t ma(.c si~ tu+?, tie^`n tha^`y bo? tu'i? 

Thu+.c te^' co' ra^'t nhie^`u lo+'p luye^.n thi kho^ng dda?m ba?o co+ so+?
va^.t cha^'t. ke^? ca? nhu+~ng va^.t du.ng ca^`n thie^'t nha^'t cho mo^.t
lo+'p luye^.n ho.c nhu+: ba`n, ghe^', qua.t, ddie^.n..., co' no+i kho^ng gian
ho.c ra^'t cha^.t cho^.i, tha^.m chi' co' lo+'p chi? ro^.ng 50m2 ma` "nho^`i"
ga^`n 100 ho.c sinh, chen chu'c dde^'n mu+'c ho.c tro` kho^ng vie^'t no^?i
ba`i...Du` va^.y, ca'c lo` cu+' to^? chu+'c ghi te^n, gia'o vie^n cu+' da.y,
tie^`n cu+' thu ma(.c cho cha^'t lu+o+.ng dde^'n dda^u thi` dde^'n? 

Mo^.t vo`ng qua ca'c lo` luye^.n thi gio+` tan ta^`m, co^?ng tru+o+`ng cha^.t
cu+'ng ddu? ca'c phu+o+ng tie^.n, ddie^`u ddo' chu+'ng to? so^' lu+o+.ng ho.c
sinh kho^ng nhu+~ng kho^ng thuye^n gia?m ma` co' pha^`n gia ta(ng. Dda^y co'
pha?i la` ''mo^'t'' cu?a ho.c sinh, phu. huynh hay la` nhu ca^`u ta^'t ye^'u
ve^` tri thu+'c? Lie^.u ddo' co' pha?i la` su+. dda?m ba?o uy ti'n va` cha^'t
lu+o+.ng cu?a ca'c lo` luye^.n thi, so^' lu+o+.ng ho.c sinh ti? le^. thua^.n
vo+'i uy ti'n cu?a lo` luye^.n thi? 

Vie^.c ca'c lo` luye^.n thi chie^u sinh qua' su+'c chu+'a cu?a co+ so+? va^.t
cha^'t kho^ng the^? ddo^? hoa`n toa`n cho nhu ca^`u dda(ng ky' ho.c tu+.
nguye^.n cu?a ho.c sinh qua' cao. Vie^.c da.y ''so^'' cu?a ca'c tha^`y kho^ng
ha(?n kho^ng co' ly' do. Na^ng cao thu nha^.p ddo^i khi tha'i qua' la`m
kho^ng i't gia'o vie^n lao va`o ca'c buo^?i da.y cho+'p nhoa'ng, mie^~n la`
co' thu nha^.p cao, co' nhie^`u gia'o vie^n da.y "so^" gia`u le^n tro^ng
tha^'y. Pha?i cha(ng ho. dda~ thu+.c su+. la` nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i ddang kinh
doanh cha^'t xa'm, kinh doanh tri thu+'c? Nhi`n mo^.t ca'ch kha'ch quan, ca'c
lo` luye^.n thi no^?i tie^'ng dde^`u do ca'c gia?ng vie^n o+? ca'c tru+o+`ng
DdH chi'nh thu+'c gia?ng da.y. Kho^ng the^? phu? nha^.n mo^.t su+. tha^.t
ra(`ng, ca'c gia?ng vie^n o+? DdH co' mo^.t kho^'i lu+o+.ng tri thu+'c ddo^`
so^.. Vie^.c truye^`n dda.t nhu+~ng kie^'n thu+'c kho^ng chi? sa^u ro^.ng ma`
co`n mo+'i me?, nhu ca^`u ddo`i ho?i ve^` tri thu+'c cu?a ho.c sinh ddu+o+.c
dda'p u+'ng, dda^y la` mo^.t quan he^. cung ca^`u co' ti'nh cha^'t co^ng
ba(`ng trong xa~ ho^.i. 

Tuy nhie^n, ddie^`u ba(n khoa(n cu?a ca'c phu. huynh, ho.c sinh ve^` co+ so+?
ha. ta^`ng o+? mo^.t so^' lo+'p luye^.n thi kho^ng the^? la`m ngo+. Ca'c
ta^.p the^?, ca' nha^n to^? chu+'c, kho^ng ne^n vi` lo+.i i'ch kinh te^'
tru+o+'c ma('t ma` que^n ddi lo+.i i'ch la^u da`i, kho^ng vi` so^' lu+o+.ng
ma` que^n ddi cha^'t lu+o+.ng, nhu+ va^.y va^'n dde^` kinh doanh cha^'t xa'm
se~ ddu+o+.c nhi`n o+? mo^.t go'c ddo^. kha'ch quan ho+n. 

Na(m 1997, Bo^. GD- DdT co' chu? tru+o+ng ca'c tru+o+`ng DdH,CDd,THCN kho^ng
su+? du.ng bo^. dde^` thi dde^? ra dde^` thi tuye^?n sinh, ma` dde^?
tru+o+`ng na`o tu+. ra dde^` tru+o+`ng ddo', nha(`m tra'nh ca'c tie^u cu+.c,
dda?m ba?o vie^.c tuye^?n sinh co' cha^'t lu+o+.ng cao. Dda^y la` ddo`n ba^?y
ti'ch cu+.c buo^.c ho.c sinh pha?i co' kho^'i lu+o+.ng tri thu+'c lo+'n, co'
tri`nh ddo^. tha^.t su+., ddo^`ng tho+`i no' la` qui lua^.t tu+. dda`o tha?i
ca'c to^? chu+'c cu~ng nhu+ ca'c gia'o vie^n kho^ng ddu? tri`nh ddo^. va`
phu+o+ng pha'p luye^.n thi cho ho.c sinh. 

Co' mo^.t va^'n dde^` kho^ng the^? kho^ng quan ta^m. Theo chu? tru+o+ng cu?a
Bo^. GD-DdT, vie^.c ha. ddie^?m cho ca'c thi' sinh mie^`n nu'i, no^ng tho^n
thuo^.c khu vu+.c 2 tro+? ddi la` mo^.t u+u tie^n ti'ch cu+.c. Tu+` nhie^`u
na(m nay, ca'n bo^. co' tri thu+'c o+? no^ng tho^n, mie^`n nu'i thie^'u
tra^`m tro.ng. Lo+'p tre? o+? no^ng tho^n kho^ng ddu+o+.c ho.c ha`nh dde^'n
no+i dde^'n cho^'n la` thu+.c tra.ng dda'ng buo^`n, pha^`n kho^ng nho? bo+?i
li' do kinh te^' ta.o ne^n. Thu nha^.p bi`nh qua^n o+? ca'c vu`ng no^ng tho^n
chi? co' tu+` 260- 280 kg tho'c/ 1 dda^`u ngu+o+`i mo^.t na(m. Trong khi
ddo', tie^`n ho.c the^m, luye^.n thi 400.000- 600.000 ddo^`ng se~ la` mo^.t
ga'nh na(.ng qua' su+'c ddo^'i vo+'i dda.i dda so^' gia ddi`nh no^ng tho^n
co' con em le^n tha`nh pho^' luye^.n thi va`o ca'c tru+o+`ng DdH, CDd, THCN.
Va^.y ca'c gia'o vie^n- ca'c dda^'ng ba^.c "dda.o cao, ddu+'c tro.ng"- co'
da'm "du~ng ca?m" bo+'t tu'i tie^`n cu?a mi`nh dde^? gia?m bo+'t ga'nh na(.ng
le^. phi' cho ca'c "si~ tu+?" no^ng tho^n, mie^`n nu'i ve^` Ha` No^.i luye^.n
thi kho^ng? 

                                 Quy`nh Minh
--------------------------