Darwin & thuye^'t tie^'n ho'a va` "Tha'nh Kinh"

["Hoang Linh" <linh_ngan@hotmail.com>]

Hi ca'c ba'c,

Ho^m ki`a, vo+' ddu+o+.c to+` ba'o ba?n xu+', to^i dde^? y' dde^'n ma^?u tin 
va('n sau:

***

DARWIN KHO^NG CO`N NA(`M TRONG CHU+O+NG TRI`NH THI CU+? O+? KANSAS

Ho.c thuye^'t tie^'n ho'a bi. xo'a bo? kho?i chu+o+ng tri`nh gia?ng da.y 
pho^? tho^ng o+? tie^?u bang Kansas. Co+ quan gia'o du.c tie^?u bang dda~ 
quye^'t ddi.nh nhu+ va^.y trong tua^`n. Ba(`ng quye^'t ddi.nh na`y, tuy 
vie^.c gia?ng da.y ve^` nguo^`n go^'c muo^n loa`i chu+a bi. ca^'m trong ca'c 
tru+o+`ng pho^? tho^ng o+? tie^?u bang, song no' dda~ bi. xo'a bo? trong 
ca'c ky` thi (tra('c nghie^.m) le^n lo+'p. Nhu+ the^', Kansas dda~ la` mo^.t 
trong so^' ca'c tie^?u bang xo'a bo? ho.c thuye^'t Darwin trong chu+o+ng 
tri`nh gia?ng da.y pho^? tho^ng.

Quye^'t ddi.nh cu?a tie^?u bang Kansas la` tha('ng lo+.i cu?a ca'c ti'n 
ddo^` phe "khoa ho.c cu?a DDa^'ng cu+'u the^'". Nhu+~ng phe nho'm to^n gia'o 
ba?o thu? muo^'n gia?ng da.y su+. hi`nh tha`nh cu?a tra'i dda^'t va` cuo^.c 
so^'ng, dda(.c bie^.t la` su+. hi`nh tha`nh cu?a loa`i ngu+o+`i, theo ca'ch 
die^~n gia?i cu?a "Tha'nh Kinh". Tru+o+'c dda^y, ca'c tie^?u bang Alabama, 
Ta^n Me^~-ta^y-co+ va` Nebraska dda~ tho^ng qua nhu+~ng quye^'t ddi.nh 
tu+o+ng tu+. khi thuye^'t tie^'n ho'a chi? ddu+o+.c coi nhu+ mo^.t trong 
nhu+~ng ho.c thuye^'t co' the^?. Ta.i tie^?u bang Alabama, ca'c cuo^'n sa'ch 
gia'o khoa ve^` Sinh ho.c buo^.c pha?i ke`m theo lo+`i ca?nh ca'o, theo ddo' 
"thuye^'t tie^'n ho'a la` mo^.t ho.c thuye^'t co`n nhie^`u nghi va^'n, do 
mo^.t so^' nha` nghie^n cu+'u ddu+a ra nhu+ lo+`i gia?i thi'ch khoa ho.c 
cu?a su+. hi`nh tha`nh cu?a cuo^.c so^'ng". Chu+a tha`nh co^ng trong vie^.c 
bie^'n "Tha'nh Kinh" tha`nh chu+o+ng tri`nh gia?ng da.y ba('t buo^.c trong 
ca'c tru+o+`ng pho^? tho^ng, nga`y nay, nhu+~ng ke? theo tra`o lu+u chi'nh 
tho^'ng trong to^n gia'o ti`m ca'ch dde` be.p ho.c thuye^'t Darwin mo^.t 
ca'ch toa`n die^.n.

***

Ma^?u tin no'i tre^n ho^?ng co' gi` mo+'i (la.), nhu+ng cu~ng la`m to^i na?y 
ra va`i y' nghi~ va^?n vo+:

- Tre^n mo^.t so^' phu+o+ng die^.n nha^'t ddi.nh, ho.c thuye^'t Darwin co' 
pha^`n gio^'ng ho.c thuye^'t cu?a cu. Marx (& cu. Engels) o+? cho^~ no' co' 
ti'nh "khoa ho.c", "ta^'t ye^'u", "tie^'n bo^.", "phu` ho+.p vo+'i giai 
ca^'p co^ng nha^n"... o+? va`o tho+`i ddie^?m no' ra ddo+`i. Vi` the^', no' 
mang ti'nh "ta? pha'i", de^~ ddu+o+.c cha^'p nha^.n va` ddu+o+.c coi la` 
mo^.t "ti'n ddie^`u" kho^ng the^? dda? pha' (trong Sinh ho.c) o+? ca'c 
nu+o+'c xa~ ho^.i chu? nghi~a nga`y xu+a.

- Tuy nhie^n, du+o+`ng nhu+ tu+. nga`y xu+?a nga`y xu+a dde^'n nay, ho.c 
thuye^'t Darwin chu+a bao gio+` ddu+o+.c cha^'p nha^.n mo^.t ca'ch tha^.t 
toa`n die^.n o+? phu+o+ng Ta^y. Ngu+o+`i ta cho^'ng la.i no', la('m khi 
kho^ng pha?i do no' co`n nhie^`u khie^'m khuye^'t, ma` co`n vi` cho^'ng la.i 
no' ddo^`ng nghi~a vo+'i cho^'ng la.i mo^.t he^. tu+ tu+o+?ng "ta? pha'i".

- Mu+o+`i ma^'y na(m ve^` tru+o+'c, khi mo+'i lo` ro` cha^n u+o+'t cha^n 
ra'o qua dda^y, to^i nga.c nhie^n khi ddu+o+.c xem mo^.t va`i cuo^'n sa'ch 
die^~n gia?i su+. hi`nh tha`nh va` tie^'n ho'a cu?a loa`i ngu+o+`i theo ca'i 
nhi`n cu?a "Tha'nh Kinh"; trong nhu+~ng cuo^'n sa'ch ddo', ho.c thuye^'t 
Darwin bi. dda? pha' du+~ do^.i. Xin lu+u y' la` khi ddo', Hung chu+a thay 
ddo^?i he^. tho^'ng chi'nh tri. va` pha^`n na`o, to^i coi vie^.c ho.c 
thuye^'t Darwin kho^ng (nha^'t thie^'t) pha?i la` mo^.t "gia'o ddie^`u", la` 
bie^?u hie^.n cu?a "co+?i mo+?", cu?a "da^n chu?", "dda nguye^n"...

- Tuy nhie^n, tu+` ddo' tro+? ddi, khi tha^'y ca`ng nga`y ngu+o+`i ta ca`ng 
ba`i xi'ch o^ng Darwin tre^n ca? phu+o+ng die^.n to^n gia'o la^~n "khoa 
ho.c", to^i dda^m suy nghi~. Co' ca'i gi` qua' tro+'n o+? dda^y! La`m gi` 
dde^'n no^~i pha?i (dda^'u tranh dde^?) ca^'m ddoa'n mo^.t ho.c thuye^'t!? 
Hy vo.ng la` o+? nhu+~ng tie^?u bang o+? Me~o ma` thuye^'t Darwin bi. ca^'m 
ddoa'n trong chu+o+ng tri`nh pho^? tho^ng, ngu+o+`i ta va^~n da.y no' trong 
dda.i ho.c va` cao dda(?ng (nhu+ ho. va^~n la`m ddo^'i vo+'i ho.c thuye^'t 
cu?a cu. Marx)?

- Tu+` tru+o+'c dde^'n nay, ngu+o+`i ta chi? hay dda? ddo^.ng dde^'n cuo^.c 
chie^'n tay ddo^i giu+~a phe "Tha'nh Kinh" va` phe "tie^'n ho'a". Tu`y theo 
ke^'t qua? cu?a cuo^.c dda^'u "tay bo" ddo' ma` o^ng Darwin ddu+o+.c to^n 
vinh hay nha^'n chi`m o+? tu+`ng no+i.

Nhu+ng, sao kho^ng tha^'y ca'c to^n gia'o (hay gia'o pha'i) kha'c tham 
chie^'n nhi?? Hay la` ngoa`i Co^ng gia'o, thi` ca'c to^n gia'o kha'c kho^ng 
co' version rie^ng cu?a mi`nh ve^` nguo^`n go^'c muo^n loa`i?

HLinh

TB. Ca'c ba'c sa`nh ve^` science, xin cho bie^'t nga`y nay ho.c thuye^'t 
Darwin ddu+o+.c dda'nh gia' ra sao, xe't ve^` khoa ho.c thua^`n tu'y? Co' 
the^m nhu+~ng ba(`ng chu+'ng gi` mo+'i dde^? cu?ng co^' hay ba'c bo? no'? 
Va`o hie^.u sa'ch, to^i tha^'y co' kha' nhie^`u sa'ch ve^` vu. na`y, 
nhu+ng... lu+o+`i ddo.c ne^n kho^ng mua!


______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com