revolutionary conceptions women fertility and family limitation in america 1760 1820
in the age of revolution how did american women conceive their lives and marital obligations by examining the attitudes and behaviors surrounding the contentious issues of family contraception abortion sexuality beauty and identity susan e. klepp demonstrates that many women rural and urban free and enslaved began to radically redefine motherhood . they asserted or attempted to assert control over their bodies their marriages and their daughters opportunities . br late eighteenth century american women were among the first in the world to disavow the continual childbearing and large families that had long been considered ideal . liberty equality and heartfelt religion led to new conceptions of virtuous rational womanhood and responsible parenthood . these changes can be seen in falling birthrates in advice to friends and kin in portraits and in a gradual even reluctant shift in mens opinions . revolutionary era women redefined femininity fertility family and their futures by limiting births . women might not have won the vote in the new republic they might not have gained formal rights in other spheres but klepp argues there was a womens revolution nonetheless .