for other uses see cadbury disambiguation . cadbury uk limited type subsidiary industry confectionery founded birmingham united kingdom 1824 192 years ago 1824 headquarters uxbridge middlesex united kingdom key people irene rosenfeld chairman and ceo john cadbury founder products see list of cadbury products revenue 11 346 002 000 2011 operating income 559 432 200 2011 net income 447 545 760 2011 number of employees 71 657 2008 1 parent mondelez international website www.cadbury.co.uk cadbury is a british multinational confectionery company wholly owned by american company mondelez international originally kraft foods since 2010 . it is the second largest confectionery brand in the world after wrigley s. 2 cadbury is internationally headquartered in uxbridge middlesex and operates in more than fifty countries worldwide . it is famous for its dairy milk chocolate the creme egg and roses selection box and many other confectionery products . one of the best known british brands in 2013 the daily telegraph named cadbury among britain s most successful exports . 3 cadbury was established in birmingham england in 1824 by john cadbury who sold tea coffee and drinking chocolate . cadbury developed the business with his brother benjamin followed by his sons richard and george . george developed the bournville estate a model village designed to give the company s workers improved living conditions . dairy milk chocolate introduced in 1905 used a higher proportion of milk within the recipe compared with rival products . by 1914 the chocolate was the company s best selling product . cadbury alongside rowntree s and fry were the big three british confectionery manufacturers throughout much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries . 4 cadbury was granted its first royal warrant from queen victoria in 1854 . it has been a holder of a royal warrant from elizabeth ii since 1955 . 5 cadbury merged with j. s. fry & sons in 1919 and schweppes in 1969 . cadbury was a constant constituent of the ftse 100 on the london stock exchange from the index s 1984 inception until the company was bought by kraft foods in 2010 . 6 7 contents 1 history 1.1 1824 1900 early history 1.2 1900 1969 1.3 schweppes merger 1969 1.3.1 schweppes demerger 1.4 2003 name rebrand 1.5 2007 2010 1.6 acquisition by kraft foods 2 operations 2.1 head office 2.2 production sites 2.2.1 bournville 3 markets 3.1 united kingdom 3.2 ireland 3.3 united states 3.4 australia and new zealand 3.5 canada 3.6 india 3.7 malta 4 advertising 5 executive pay 6 accounting 7 products 8 recent health and safety controversies 8.1 2006 salmonella scare 8.2 2007 recalls 8.3 2008 melamine contamination in three beijing factories 8.4 2009 hydrogenation 8.5 2014 pork traces in malaysia 9 see also 10 references 11 further reading 12 external links history edit main article history of cadbury 1824 1900 early history edit an 1885 advertisement for cadbury s cocoa in 1824 john cadbury a quaker began selling tea coffee and drinking chocolate in bull street in birmingham england . 8 from 1831 he moved into the production of a variety of cocoa and drinking chocolates made in a factory in bridge street and sold mainly to the wealthy because of the high cost of production . 9 in 1847 john cadbury became a partner with his brother benjamin and the company became known as cadbury brothers . 9 the brothers opened an office in london and in 1854 they received the royal warrant as manufacturers of chocolate and cocoa to queen victoria . 5 the company went into decline in the late 1850s . 9 john cadbury s sons richard and george took over the business in 1861 . 8 at the time of the takeover the business was in rapid decline the number of employees had reduced from 20 to 11 and the company was losing money . 8 by 1864 cadbury was profitable again . 8 the brothers had turned around the business by moving the focus from tea and coffee to chocolate and by increasing the quality of their products . 8 cadbury factory bournville is located on the south side of birmingham england the firm s first major breakthrough occurred in 1866 when richard and george introduced an improved cocoa into britain . 9 a new cocoa press developed in the netherlands removed some of the unpalatable cocoa butter from the cocoa bean . 9 the firm began exporting its products in the 1850s . 9 10 in the 1880s the firm began to produce chocolate confectioneries . 8 in 1878 the brothers decided to build new premises in countryside four miles from birmingham . 8 the move to the countryside was unprecedented in business . 8 better transport access for milk that was inward shipped by canal and cocoa that was brought in by rail from london southampton and liverpool docks was taken into consideration . with the development of the birmingham west suburban railway along the path of the worcester and birmingham canal they acquired the bournbrook estate comprising 14.5 acres 5.9 ha of countryside 5 miles 8.0 km south of the outskirts of birmingham . located next to the stirchley street railway station which itself was opposite the canal they renamed the estate bournville and opened the bournville factory the following year . in 1893 george cadbury bought 120 acres 49 ha of land close to the works and planned at his own expense a model village which would alleviate the evils of modern more cramped living conditions . by 1900 the estate included 314 cottages and houses set on 330 acres 130 ha of land . as the cadbury family were quakers there were no pubs in the estate . 8 in 1897 following the lead of swiss companies cadbury introduced its own line of milk chocolate bars . 11 in 1899 cadbury became a private limited company . 11 1900 1969 edit the packing room at bournville circa 1903 in 1905 cadbury launched its dairy milk bar a production of exceptional quality with a higher proportion of milk than previous chocolate bars . 9 developed by george cadbury jr it was the first time a british company had been able to mass produce milk chocolate . 11 from the beginning it had the distinctive purple wrapper . 11 it was a great sales success and became the company s best selling product by 1914 . 9 the stronger bournville cocoa line was introduced in 1906 . 9 cadbury dairy milk and bournville cocoa were to provide the basis for the company s rapid pre war expansion . 9 in 1910 cadbury sales overtook those of fry for the first time . 11 cadbury s milk tray was first produced in 1915 and continued in production throughout the remainder of the first world war . more than 2 000 of cadbury s male employees joined the british armed forces and to support the british war effort cadbury provided chocolate books and clothing to the troops . 12 george cadbury handed over two company owned buildings for use as hospitals the beeches and fircroft and the management of both hospitals earned the war office s highest award . 12 factory girls dubbed the cadbury angels volunteered to do the laundry of injured soldiers recovering in the hospitals . 12 after the war the bournville factory was redeveloped and mass production began in earnest . in 1918 cadbury opened their first overseas factory in hobart tasmania . in 1919 cadbury merged with j. s. fry & sons another leading british chocolate manufacturer resulting in the integration of well known brands such as fry s chocolate cream and fry s turkish delight . 9 in 1921 the many small fry s factories around bristol were closed down and production was consolidated at a new somerdale factory outside bristol . 11 cadbury s somerdale factory located in keynsham near bristol south west england 1921 2010 cadbury soon expanded its product range with flake 1920 creme eggs 1923 fruit and nut 1928 and crunchie 1929 originally under the fry s label . by 1930 cadbury had become the 24th largest british manufacturing company as measured by estimated market value of capital . 9 cadbury took direct control of the under performing fry in 1935 . 11 dairy milk whole nut arrived in 1933 and roses were introduced in 1938 . 13 chocolate ceased to be a luxury product and became affordable to the working classes for the first time . 11 by the mid 1930s cadbury estimated that 90 percent of the british population could afford to buy chocolate . 14 by 1936 dairy milk accounted for 60 percent of the uk milk chocolate market . 11 during world war ii parts of the bournville factory were turned over to war work producing milling machines and seats for fighter aircraft . workers ploughed football fields to plant crops . as chocolate was regarded as an essential food it was placed under government supervision for the entire war . the wartime rationing of chocolate ended in 1950 and normal production resumed . cadbury subsequently invested in new factories and had an increasing demand for their products . 15 in 1952 the moreton factory was built . 16 cadbury has been a holder of a royal warrant from queen elizabeth ii since 1955 . 5 in 1967 cadbury acquired an australian confectioner macrobertson s beating a rival bid from mars . 17 as a result of the takeover cadbury built a 60 percent market share in the australian market . 17 schweppes merger 1969 edit the cadbury schweppes logo used until the demerger in 2008 cadbury merged with drinks company schweppes to form cadbury schweppes in 1969 . 18 head of schweppes lord watkinson became chairman and adrian cadbury became deputy chairman and managing director . 18 the benefits of the merger were to prove elusive . 19 the merger put an end to cadbury s close links to its quaker founding family and its perceived social ethos by instilling a capitalist venturer philosophy in management . 20 in 1978 the company acquired peter paul the third largest chocolate manufacturer in the united states for 58 million which gave it a 10 percent share of the world s largest confectionery market . 21 the highly successful wispa chocolate bar was launched in the north east of england in 1981 and nationwide in 1984 . 22 in 1982 trading profits were greater outside of britain than in the uk for the first time . 19 in 1986 cadbury schweppes sold its beverages and foods division to a management buyout known as premier brands for 97 million . 23 this saw the company divest itself of such brands as typhoo tea kenco smash and hartley chivers jam . 23 the deal also saw premier take the licence for production of cadbury brand biscuits and drinking chocolate . 23 meanwhile schweppes switched its alliance in the uk from pepsi to coca cola taking a 51 percent stake in the joint venture coca cola schweppes . 23 the acquisition of canada dry doubled its worldwide drinks market share and it took a 30 percent stake in dr pepper . 23 as a result of these acquisitions cadbury schweppes became the third largest soft drinks manufacturer in the world . 23 snapple mistic and stewart s formerly cable car beverage were sold by triarc to cadbury schweppes in 2000 for 1.45 billion . 24 in october of that same year cadbury schweppes purchased royal crown from triarc . 25 schweppes demerger edit in march 2007 it was revealed that cadbury schweppes was planning to split its business into two separate entities one focusing on its main chocolate and confectionery market ; the other on its us drinks business . 26 the demerger took effect on 2 may 2008 with the drinks business becoming dr pepper snapple group . 27 in december 2008 it was announced that cadbury was to sell