. for the modern marque see spyker cars . for other uses see spyker disambiguation . spyker industry automotive aviation fate defunct founded 1880 defunct 1926 headquarters netherlands key people jacobus and hendrik jan spijker founders products hand built coaches carriages cars and airplanes website www.spykercars.nl spyker or spijker was a dutch car manufacturer started in 1880 by smelters jacobus and hendrik jan spijker as a coach production company . they were originally based in hilversum but in 1898 moved to trompenburg amsterdam . contents 1 history 2 car models 3 aircraft 4 spyker on stamps and in film 5 see also 6 references 7 external links history edit the golden coach with prince willem alexander queen beatrix and princess m xima in 1898 spyker manufactured the golden coach still in use by the dutch monarchy today . in 1899 they started building automobiles and in 1900 put their first models on display two cylinder 3 hp and 5 hp similar to the benz . four cylinder models were introduced in 1903 along with the six cylinder spyker 60 hp a racer with the world s first ever four wheel drive car with a single engine 1 and four wheel brakes . 2 an engine with six cylinders was also a world s first . 3 the 1905 cars featured a round radiator grille which became a feature of many of the pre war cars . in 1913 the company was having financial problems again and in 1915 was taken over by new owners and renamed nederlandsche automobiel en vliegtuigfabriek trompenburg dutch car and aircraft company . under the new owners the previous complex model range was simplified and a new car the 13 30 c1 introduced ; sales were disappointing . in 1907 an 18 hp model successfully competed in the peking to paris race . hendrik jan spijker died in 1907 on his return journey from england when the ferry he was on the ss berlin sank and this loss led to the bankruptcy of the original company . a group of investors bought the company and restarted production but jacobus spijker was no longer involved . before hendrik jan spijker s death he and his brother had developed a special relationship with dutch electrical pioneer rento hofstede crull . 4 the spijker brothers had known hofstede crull already when he was a young man racing on the velocipede circuits in the netherlands and in germany while he was an engineering student first in mittweida and later in hannover at the technische hochschule in the 1880s . hofstede crull had already owned his first automobile in the 1890s . in the first decade he had accumulated a collection of automobiles which included a number of the spijker racing models . he housed the collection in one of the wings of the n.v.heemaf 5 one of the companies he had founded . although this was all a hobby for him initially he began assembling spijkers at heemaf with the approval of the spijker brothers and subsequently with that of those who had taken over spijker . he provided them with improvements on the automobiles . heemaf s board of directors 6 complained that hofstede crull was using a part of the factory as his personal garage and auto park . to circumvent the criticism he established the spijker automobiel verhuur maatschappij which along with amsterdam s trompenburg bedrijf became the first auto rental companies in the netherlands . 7 one of his other companies was the american refined motor company which helped improve mechanical motor parts . this all stemmed from an automobile accident that he hofstede crull and his chauffeur a man named poorthuis had in 1909 when he subsequently discovered a defect in the spijker s steering mechanism 8 which he improved . during world war i in which the netherlands were neutral they manufactured aeroplanes and aircraft engines . in 1922 the company went bankrupt again and was acquired by spyker s distributor in britain who renamed the company spyker automobielfabriek . production continued and prices dropped but the company continued to decline . final production was of the c2 two ton truck and the c4 car which lasted until 1926 when funds finally ran out . it is estimated total spyker car production was at most 2000 cars . in 1999 a new company spyker cars was founded unrelated to the original company but for the brand name . car models edit spyker 60 hp 1903 spyker 60 hp 1903 spyker c2 truck the 1905 spyker 12 16 hp double ph ton that was used as ambrose claverhouse s car in the film genevieve . as of 2012 this car is held in the louwman museum in the netherlands . a still from the film can be seen in the background vehicle year details spijker 3 hp 1900 1902 2 cylinder spijker 5 hp 1900 1900 spijker 5 hp 1900 1900 boxer engine spijker 6 hp 1902 1902 water cooled engine . spijker 10 12 1903 1903 2 cylinder spyker 20 24 1903 1904 4 cylinder spijker 36 50 1903 1903 6 cylinder 5 073 cc 309.6 cu in spyker 60 80 1903 1907 6 cylinder 8 821 cc 538.3 cu in spyker 16 20 1903 1907 4 cylinder spyker 30 36 1903 1907 spyker 14 18 1904 1907 4 cylinder 2 544 cc 155.2 cu in spyker 20 28 1904 1907 4 cylinder spyker 25 36 1904 1905 4 cylinder 7 964 cc 486.0 cu in . fourwheel drive option . spyker 32 40 1904 1905 4 cylinder . fourwheel drive option . spyker 15 22 1905 1907 4 cylinder 3 456 cc 210.9 cu in . spyker 10 15 1907 1907 4 cylinder . spyker 15 22 1907 1907 4 cylinder 2 799 cc 170.8 cu in . spyker 20 30 1907 1907 4 cylinder 4 562 cc 278.4 cu in . spyker 30 42 1907 1907 4 cylinder 6 902 cc 421.2 cu in . spyker 40 80 1907 1907 4 cylinder 10 603 cc 647.0 cu in . spyker 15 22 1907 1910 4 cylinder 2 799 cc 170.8 cu in . spyker 60 80 1909 1909 4 cylinder . spyker 10 15 1910 1912 4 cylinder . delivery van . spyker 15 25 1910 1912 4 cylinder . delivery van . spyker 12 1910 1914 4 cylinder . spyker 16 1910 1912 4 cylinder . spyker 18 1910 1912 4 cylinder . spyker 25 1910 1912 4 cylinder . 4 589 cc 280.0 cu in . spyker 25 30 1911 1912 6 cylinder . spyker 20 1912 1916 4 cylinder . 3 435 cc 209.6 cu in . spyker 30 1912 1916 4 cylinder . 6 082 cc 371.1 cu in . spyker 40 1912 1916 6 cylinder . 7 238 cc 441.7 cu in . spyker 14 1913 1916 4 cylinder . spyker 12 1914 1916 4 cylinder . 1 795 cc 109.5 cu in . spyker 13 30 c1 1916 1921 4 cylinder . 3 560 cc 217 cu in . spyker 14 34 c1 1920 1921 4 cylinder . 3 562 cc 217.4 cu in . spyker c2 1916 1926 4 cylinder . 4 607 cc 281.1 cu in . two ton truck . spyker 30 40 c4 1920 1926 6 cylinder maybach engine . 5 742 cc 350.4 cu in . aircraft edit spijker v. 1 spijker v. 2 spijker v. 3 spyker on stamps and in film edit both spyker brand automobiles appear on dutch postage stamps first day of issue may 10 2004 . the car driven by kenneth more in the 1953 film genevieve about the london to brighton veteran car run is a 1904 spyker 12 16 hp . see also edit spyker cars references edit malcolm mckay march 2008 . four wheel drive . octane magazine . retrieved 2009 05 24 . georgano g. n. cars early and vintage 1886 1930 . london grange universal 1985 henry a. the 4 wheel drives racing s formula for failure . london macmillan 1975 nl rento hofstede crull nl heemaf heemaf was a public traded company jaap tuik . een bijzonder energiek ondernemer rento wolter hendrik hofstede crull 1863 1938 pioneer van de elekriciteits voorziening in nederland 3 ontspanning fiets en auto als liefhebberij . zutphen nederland historischcentrumoverijssel & walburg pers . 2009 . pp. 25 31 isbn 90 5730 640 9 http www.holechistorie.nl index.php option com content & view article & id 204 auto o. . . v t e spyker companies spyker 1880 1926 cars 1880 1926 60hp c2 c4 aeroplanes 1915 1926 v. 1 v. 2 v. 3 v. 4 other golden coach external links edit company history at ritzsite retrieved from https en.wikipedia.org w index.php title spyker & oldid 721279755 categories companies established in 1880manufacturing companies of the netherlandsmotor vehicle manufacturers of the netherlandscar manufacturersspyker1880 establishments in the netherlandscompanies disestablished in 19261926 disestablishments in the netherlands 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