jump to navigation search this article is about the automobile manufacturer . for the 2003 biographical film see ferrari film . for other uses see ferrari disambiguation . ferraris redirects here . for the surname see ferraris surname . this article needs additional citations for verification . please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . unsourced material may be challenged and removed . june 2013 learn how and when to remove this template message ferrari native name ferrari n.v. type naamloze vennootschap traded as nyse race bit race industry automotive founded 13 september 1939 1939 09 13 in modena italy as auto avio costruzioni 1 founder enzo ferrari headquarters amsterdam the netherlands legal maranello italy de facto key people sergio marchionne chairman and ceo piero ferrari vice chairman amedeo felisa ex ceo products sports cars production output 7 664 units 2015 revenue 2.854 billion 2015 operating income 444.320 million 2015 net income 287.816 million 2015 total assets 3.875 billion 2015 total equity negative 25.123 million 2015 owners exor s.p.a. 22.91 % piero ferrari 10 % subsidiaries ferrari s.p.a. 100 % website ferrari.com footnotes references 2 ferrari s.p.a. pronounced fer rari is an italian sports car manufacturer based in maranello . founded by enzo ferrari in 1939 as auto avio costruzioni the company built its first car in 1940 . however the company s inception as an auto manufacturer is usually recognized in 1947 when the first ferrari badged car was completed . ferrari is the world s most powerful brand according to brand finance . 3 in may 2012 the 1962 ferrari 250 gto became the most expensive car in history selling in a private transaction for us 38.1 million to american communications magnate craig mccaw . 4 fiat s.p.a. acquired 50 percent of ferrari in 1969 and expanded its stake to 90 percent in 1988 . 5 in october 2014 fiat chrysler automobiles announced its intentions to separate ferrari from fca ; as of the announcement fca owned 90 percent of ferrari . 6 7 8 the separation began in october 2015 with a restructuring that established ferrari n.v. a company incorporated in the netherlands as the new holding company of the ferrari group and the subsequent sale by fca of a 10 percent of the shares in an ipo and concurrent listing of common shares on the new york stock exchange . 9 through the remaining steps of the separation fca s interest in ferrari s business was distributed to shareholders of fca with a 10 percent continuing to be owned by piero ferrari . 10 the spin off was completed on 3 january 2016 . 9 throughout its history the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing especially in formula one where it is the most successful racing team holding the most constructors championships 16 and having produced the highest number of winning drivers 15 . 11 ferrari road cars are generally seen as a symbol of speed luxury and wealth . 12 contents 1 history 2 motorsport 2.1 scuderia ferrari 2.2 race cars for other teams 3 road cars 3.1 current models 3.2 supercars 3.3 concept cars and specials 3.3.1 ferrari special projects 3.4 bio fuel and hybrid cars 3.5 naming conventions 4 identity 4.1 colour 5 corporate affairs 5.1 technical partnerships 5.2 sales history 6 stores 7 see also 8 notes 9 references 10 external links history edit main article history of ferrari enzo ferrari was not initially interested in the idea of producing road cars when he formed scuderia ferrari in 1929 with headquarters in modena . scuderia ferrari pronounced skude ri a literally means ferrari stable and is usually used to mean team ferrari . ferrari bought prepared and fielded alfa romeo racing cars for gentlemen drivers . in 1933 alfa romeo withdrew its in house racing team and scuderia ferrari took over as its works team 1 the scuderia received alfa s grand prix cars of the latest specifications and fielded many famous drivers such as tazio nuvolari and achille varzi . in 1938 alfa romeo brought its racing operation again in house forming alfa corse in milano and hired enzo ferrari as manager of the new racing department ; therefore the scuderia ferrari was disbanded . 1 in september 1939 enzo ferrari left alfa romeo under the provision that he would not use the ferrari name in association with races or racing cars for at least four years . 1 a few days later he founded auto avio costruzioni headquartered in the facilities of the old scuderia ferrari . 1 the new company ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories . in 1940 ferrari did in fact produce a race car the tipo 815 based on a fiat platform . it was the first ferrari car and debuted at the 1940 mille miglia but due to world war ii it saw little competition . in 1943 the ferrari factory moved to maranello where it has remained ever since . the factory was bombed by the allies and subsequently rebuilt including a works for road car production . ferrari 125 s 166mm barchetta 212 225 the first ferrari badged car was the 1947 125 s powered by a 1.5 l v12 engine ; 1 enzo ferrari reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund scuderia ferrari . 13 the scuderia ferrari name was resurrected to denote the factory racing cars and distinguish them from those fielded by customer teams . in 1960 the company was restructured as a public corporation under the name sefac s.p.a. societ esercizio fabbriche automobili e corse . 14 early in 1969 fiat took a 50 percent stake in ferrari . an immediate result was an increase in available investment funds and work started at once on a factory extension intended to transfer production from fiat s turin plant of the ferrari engined fiat dino . new model investment further up in the ferrari range also received a boost . in 1988 enzo ferrari oversaw the launch of the ferrari f40 the last new ferrari to be launched before his death later that year and arguably one of the most famous supercars ever made . in 1989 the company was renamed as ferrari s.p.a. 14 from 2002 to 2004 ferrari produced the enzo their fastest model at the time which was introduced and named in honor of the company s founder enzo ferrari . it was to be called the f60 continuing on from the f40 and f50 but ferrari was so pleased with it they called it the enzo instead . it was initially offered to loyal and reoccurring customers each of the 399 made minus the 400th which was donated to the vatican for charity had a price tag of 650 000 apiece equivalent to 400 900 . on 15 september 2012 964 ferrari cars worth over 162 million equivalent to 99 950 000 attended the ferrari driving days event at silverstone circuit and paraded round the silverstone circuit setting a world record . 15 ferrari s former ceo and chairman luca di montezemolo resigned from the company after 23 years who was succeeded by amedeo felisa and finally on 3 may 2016 amedeo resigned and was succeeded by sergio marchionne ceo and chairman of fiat chrysler automobiles ferrari s parent company . 16 on 29 october 2014 the fca group resulting from the merger between manufacturers fiat and chrysler announced the split of its luxury brand ferrari . the aim is to turn ferrari into an independent brand which 10 percent of stake will be sold in an ipo in 2015 . 17 ferrari officially priced its initial public offering at 52 a share after the market close on 20 october 2015 . 18 motorsport edit for a complete list of ferrari racing cars see list of ferrari competition cars . ferrari 312t2 formula one car driven by niki lauda since the company s beginnings ferrari has been involved in motorsport competing in a range of categories including formula one and sports car racing through its scuderia ferrari sporting division as well as supplying cars and engines to other teams and for one make race series . the 1940 aac 815 was the first racing car to be designed by enzo ferrari although it was not badged as a ferrari model . scuderia ferrari edit main article scuderia ferrari scuderia ferrari has participated in several classes of motorsport though it is currently only officially involved in formula one . it is the only team to have competed in the formula one world championship continuously since its inception in 1950 . jos froil n gonz lez gave the team its first f1 victory at the 1951 british grand prix . ferrari sf15 t 2015 alberto ascari gave ferrari its first drivers championship a year later . ferrari is the oldest team in the championship and the most successful the team holds nearly every formula one record . as of 2014 update the team s records include 15 world drivers championship titles 1952 1953 1956 1958 1961 1964 1975 1977 1979 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 and 2007 16 world constructors championship titles 1961 1964 1975 1976 1977 1979 1982 1983 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2007 and 2008 221 grand prix victories 6736.27 points 679 podium finishes 207 pole positions and 230 fastest laps in 890 grands prix contested . of the 19 tracks used in 2014 8 have lap records set by the ferrari f2004 with a further 3 set by the ferrari f2003 ga ferrari f2008 and ferrari f10 . ferrari drivers include tazio nuvolari jos froil n gonz lez juan manuel fangio alberto ascari luigi chinetti maurice trintignant wolfgang von trips phil hill olivier gendebien mike hawthorn peter collins giancarlo baghetti ricardo rodr guez chris amon john surtees lorenzo bandini ludovico scarfiotti jacky ickx mario andretti clay regazzoni niki lauda carlos reutemann jody scheckter gilles villeneuve didier pironi patrick tambay ren arnoux michele alboreto gerhard berger nigel mansell alain prost jean alesi michael schumacher eddie irvine rubens barrichello felipe massa kimi r ikk nen fernando alonso and sebastian vettel . at the end of the 2006 season the team courted controversy by continuing to allow marlboro to sponsor them after they along with the other f1 teams made a promise to end sponsorship deals with tobacco manufacturers . a five year deal was agreed and although this was not due to end until 2011 in april 2008 marlboro dropped their on car branding on ferrari . a 312pb driven by jacky ickx during the team s final year in the world sportscar championship in addition to formula one ferrari also entered cars in sportscar racing the two programs existing in parallel for many years . in 1949 luigi chinetti drove a 166 m to ferrari s first win in motorsports the 24 hours of le mans . ferrari went on to dominate the early years of the world sportscar championship which was created in 1953 winning the title seven out of its first nine years . when the championship format changed in 1962 ferrari earned titles in at least one class each year through to 1965 and then again in 1967 . ferrari would win one final title the 1972 world championship of makes before enzo decided to leave sports car racing after 1973 and allow scuderia ferrari to concentrate solely on formula one . during ferrari s seasons of the world sportscars championship they also gained more wins at the 24 hours of le mans with the factory team earning their first in 1954 . another win would come in 1958 followed by five consecutive wins from 1960 to 1964 . luigi chinetti s north american racing team nart would take ferrari s final victory at le mans in 1965 . although scuderia ferrari no longer participated in sports cars after 1973 they have occasionally built various successful sports cars for privateers . these