a wikipedia article in another language and requires proofreading . if you are confident enough in your fluency of english and the original language please feel free to join this translation . telkom indonesia type public company traded as idx tlkm nyse tlk industry telecommunications media property financial services founded october 23 1856 ; 159 years ago october 23 1856 1 headquarters telkom japati graha merah putih bandung indonesia key people alex sinaga ceo services fixed line mobile telephony internet services digital television property and construction it services revenue us 7.838 billion 2011 2 net income us 2.392 billion 2011 2 total assets us 11.364 billion 2011 2 total equity us 5.24 billion 2011 2 owner ministry of state owned enterprises 52.56 % number of employees 19 780 december 2011 2 subsidiaries list telin telkomsel telkomvision infomedia telkom akses mitratel pramindo multimedia nusantara graha sarana duta telkomsigma finnet napsindo website www.telkom.co.id pt telekomunikasi indonesia tbk commonly abbreviated as telkom indonesia or just telkom is the largest telecommunications services company in indonesia . 3 telkom is a semi privatized majority state owned company listed on multiple exchanges . 4 telkom indonesia is the telecommunication business unit mainly in fixed line telephony internet and data communications . it is also the parent company of the telkom group which is engaged in a broad range of businesses that consist of telecommunication multimedia property and finance services . 4 since 2008 telkom indonesia began transforming its business focus infrastructure systems organization and human resources as well as the corporate culture as their effort faced rising competition . 5 6 since this privatization in 1995 telkom indonesia has a combined total of approximately 129.8 million customers at end of december 2011 increased by 7.8 % from 2010 making the company the nation s largest telecommunication service provider by subscribers . 2 contents 1 history 1.1 colonial era 1.2 state owned company 1.3 privatization 1.4 telecommunication deregulation 1.5 transformations 2 operations 2.1 business divisions 2.2 subsidiaries and investments telkom group 3 slogans 4 broadband access 5 see also 6 references 7 external links history edit telkom is one of the world s oldest telecommunication companies . the company traditionally traces its roots to an establishment of the first electromagnetic telegraph service in indonesia on october 23 1856 by the dutch colonial government connecting batavia jakarta and buitenzorg bogor . 7 in 1884 the dutch colonial government founded a private company to provide postal and domestic telegraph services and later on international telegraph services . 8 colonial era edit telephony services had been introduced to indonesia in 1882 by privately owned companies under a 25 year government license . in 1906 all postal and telegraph services in indonesia were taken over by the government as single unified government agency named posts telegraafend telefoon diensts ptt . 7 9 in september 1945 roughly a month after indonesian proclamation of independence the agency headquarters in bandung were taken over by indonesian nationalists . 9 in december 1949 after years of national revolution war the ptt was nationalized by indonesian government as part of indonesian effort to oust the remaining dutch and nationalize dutch corporate assets . 10 11 state owned company edit in 1961 ptt was converted from an official government agency into a newly established state owned company the postal and telecommunications services company . four year later in 1965 indonesian government separated this company into two state owned companies pn pos giro responsible for providing mail services and pn telekomunikasi as telecommunications services . 12 the mail services pn pos giro developed over year to become the pos indonesia in 1995 which is still state owned today and the official postal carrier for indonesia s 230 million people . 9 12 in 1974 pn telekomunikasi was further divided into two state owned companies . perusahaan umum telekomunikasi perumtel provided domestic and international telecommunications services while pt industri telekomunikasi indonesia pt inti manufactured telecommunications equipment . a further division in 1980 saw the international telecommunications business taken over by the newly established pt indonesian satellite corporation indosat . 7 in 1991 perumtel became a state owened limited liability corporation and renamed to what is now perusahaan perseroan persero pt telekomunikasi indonesia or telkom . until 1995 telkom s operations were organized along twelve regional operating units known as wilayah telekomunikasi or witel . each witel had full responsibility for all aspects of business and operations in their respective regions such as telephone services property management and security . 7 in 1995 telkom reorganized the twelve witels into seven regional divisions and one network division . under a series of cooperation kso agreements telkom transferred the right to operate five of its seven regional divisions i iii iv vi and vii to private sector consortia . under these agreements the kso partners manage and operate the regional division concerned for a fixed term build a specified number of fixed lines and at the end of the term transfer the telecommunications facilities to telkom for an agreed amount in compensation . revenues from the kso operations were shared between telkom and the kso partners . 7 privatization edit on november 14 1995 telkom became a privatized company when shares went on sale through an initial public offering on the jakarta stock exchange and the surabaya stock exchange which merged in december 2007 to become the indonesia stock exchange . telkom s shares are also listed on the nyse and the lse in the form of american depositary shares adss and were publicly offered without listing on the tokyo stock exchange . telkom is now the largest company by market capitalization in indonesia with a market capitalization of approximately idr 190 512 trillion as of december 31 2009 . 7 13 the government retains an aggregate interest of 51.19 % of the issued and outstanding shares of telkom . the government also holds one dwiwarna share which has special voting and veto rights over certain matters . 7 14 in mid 1997 indonesia was badly affected by the asian economic crisis . 7 15 among those impacted were certain kso partners who experienced difficulties in fulfilling their obligations to telkom . telkom eventually acquired control of its kso partners in regions i iii and vi and amended the terms of the kso agreements with its kso partners in regions iv and vii to obtain legal rights to control the financial and operating decisions of those regions . 7 since june 5 2014 telkom shares are no longer traded on the london stock exchange lse and since may 16 2014 they cease to be registered on the tokyo stock exchange tse in japan . 16 telecommunication deregulation edit in 1999 indonesia passed a deregulating telecommunication law that set in motion a sweeping array of reforms and enlivened competition policy private investment and long term industry direction . 15 among the proposed reforms was the progressive elimination of the joint ownership by telkom and indosat of most of the telecommunications companies in indonesia . this was intended to promote a more competitive market . as a result in 2001 telkom acquired indosat s 35.0 % stake in telkomsel resulting in telkom owning 77.7 % of the shares of telkomsel while indosat acquired telkom s 22.5 % interest in satelindo and its 37.7 % stake in lintasarta . in 2002 telkom sold 12.7 % of telkomsel to singapore telecom mobile pte ltd singtel mobile reducing telkom s ownership of telkomsel to 65.0 % . 7 on august 1 2001 the government terminated telkom s exclusive right to provide fixed line services in indonesia and indosat s right to provide international direct dial services . subsequently telkom s exclusive rights to provide domestic and long distance services were terminated in august 2002 and august 2003 respectively . 7 17 on june 7 2004 telkom began to provide their own international direct dial fixed line services . on november 16 2005 the telkom 2 satellite was launched to replace all satellite transmission services that have been served by previous satellite palapa b 4 . 7 18 transformations edit in 2009 telkom started doing the business transformation of the only company in the field of telecommunications to broader range of business the company expanded to the telecommunications information technology services media and edutainment . 19 telkom s decision to transform its business was prompted by the shift in customer lifestyles and supported by advances in technology and regulatory changes that enabled service providers to deliver enhanced service to customers . 20 with this new business transformation telkom also plans to conduct the acquisition of several companies that are in line with telkom s transformation of the new business . 19 21 22 in august 2012 the telkom 3 satellite was lost in a launch failure ; being placed into an unusably low orbit following the failure of the briz m upper stage of the proton m rocket that had launched it . operations edit telkom indonesia is a dominant and largest provider of fixed line services due to owning most of indonesia s copper network . 4 telkom also runs telephone exchanges trunk network and local loop connections for its fixed line telephones . currently telkom is responsible for approximately 8.3 million telephone lines in indonesia . 4 and like most of the other state ownership telecommunication company in the world telkom is obliged to provide public services such as public call boxes . telkom indonesia businesses are operated under government regulation by the indonesian ministry of communication and information . telkom as government owned company is required to comply with additional obligations such as provide telecommunication services and not to discriminate . as well as providing service in those regulated areas telkom has expanded into more profitable products and services where there is less government owned related regulation . 23 telkom indonesia is the parent company of the telkom group which is engaged in a wide range of businesses that consist of telecommunication information multimedia property and finance services . 4 telkom mainly operates in fixed line telephony internet and data communications business while other businesses are run by subsidiaries . business divisions edit telkom akses is organised into following business divisions consumer division retail telecoms services to consumers carrier and interconnection services division telecoms services partnership enterprise division telecoms services to enterprises business services division telecoms services to small medium businesses telkom flexi division telephone and data services based on fixed wireless cdma protocol concerning with new government frequency management telkom has spun off telkom flexi since october 1 2014 and has received payment consideration from telkomsel 25 percent of rp 2.828 trillion and the rest will be paid on december 31 2014 . because it received payment from telkomsel all flexi s cellular communications are transferred into kartu as telkomsel s subsidiary . 24 subsidiaries and investments telkom group edit telin telekomunikasi indonesia international international telecommunications services and investment company telkomsel mobile phone services based on gsm and umts protocol infomedia nusantara information & communication services solution multimedia nusantara strategic investment and holding company telkomsigma it solutions consulting services and data center finnet financial services mojopia internet commerce business melon indonesia music and entertainment business with sk telecom admedika healthcare network provider telkomproperty property development and management company pins indonesia trading distribution and integration cpe business scicom global crm consulting technology services education and outsourcing company daya mitratel wireless telecommunication provider telkom akses wireline telecommunication provider napsindo marketing business solution other investments patrakom strategic it and telecommunications solutions bangtelindo telecommunication planning construction installation and maintenance company pasifik satelit nusantara satellite telecommunications company citra sari makmur satellite and terrestrial network company slogans edit telkom setia melayani anda 1994 2002 telkom committed 2u 2002 2009 telkom the world in your hand 2009 present broadband access edit pt telekomunikasi akses has set aside rp21 .19 trillion 233 million until 2015 to build a national broadband network with speed up to 20 to 100 mbit s which will