industry biotech founded 2007 headquarters san diego california usa area served worldwide revenue us 1 483 000 2016 total assets us 62 091 000 2016 website www.organovo.com 1 organovo is an early stage medical laboratory and research company which designs and develops functional three dimensional human tissue also known as 3d bioprinting technology for medical research and therapeutic applications . organovo was established in 2007 and is headquartered in san diego california . the company uses its internally developed novogen mmx bioprinter for 3d bioprinting . operations edit the company bioprints and markets human tissues as a means of accelerating the preclinical drug testing and discovery process enabling treatments to be created more quickly and at lower cost and without immediate risks to living test subjects . organovo has long term expectations that this technology could be suitable for surgical therapy and transplantation . 2 organovo also partners with biopharmaceutical companies and academic medical centers to design build and validate more predictive in vitro tissues for disease modeling and toxicology . the living test tissues provide researchers the opportunity to test drugs before administering the drug to a living person ; this bridges the gap between preclinical testing and clinical trials . organovo is actively developing its technology with the intention of eventually being able to replicate entire human organs for transplant . 3 as of 2014 update the company s executive vice president of commercial operations was mike renard . 4 in 2015 organovo signed an agreement to provide processes and technology to produce 3d printed human skin to l oreal for use in testing the safety and efficacy of cosmetic products . 5 3d bioprinting process edit the human body is made up of different cell types and many technologies for printing these cells vary in their ability to ensure stability and viability of the cells during the manufacturing process . the methods used for 3d bioprinting of cells are photolithography magnetic bioprinting stereolithography and direct cell extrusion . in each process a physical biopsy of an organ is required . certain cells from the biopsy are isolated and multiplied . these cells are then mixed with a liquefied material that provides oxygen and other nutrients to keep them alive outside of the human body . the mixture is then placed in a printer cartridge and structured using the patients medical scans . 6 references edit nasdaq invalid input . secfilings.nasdaq.com . retrieved 2016 08 02 . utilizing organovo bioprinted human tissues in research living three dimensional human tissue models for research and therapeutic applications . . organovo.com . retrieved 23 july 2015 . russon mary ann july 3 2015 . organovo ceo 3d bioprinting organs will help us get people off transplant waiting lists . international business times . retrieved 23 july 2015 . dyle ken 15 may 2014 . bioprinting from patches to parts . gen. eng . biotechnol . news paper format requires url help . 34 10 1 34 5 . king leo may 20 2015 . l oreal seeks quantum leap with 3d printed skin . forbes . retrieved 23 july 2015 . cooper white macrina march 1 2015 . how 3d printing could end the deadly shortage of donor organs . huffington post . retrieved 23 july 2015 . retrieved from https en.wikipedia.org w index.php title organovo & oldid 743675021 categories companies listed on nyse mkthealth care companies of the united statesbiotechnology companies of the united statescompanies based in san diegoamerican companies established in 2007hidden categories pages using citations with format and no urlarticles containing potentially dated statements from 2014all articles containing potentially dated statements navigation menu personal tools not logged intalkcontributionscreate accountlog in namespaces article talk variants views read edit view history more search navigation main pagecontentsfeatured contentcurrent eventsrandom articledonate to wikipediawikipedia store interaction helpabout wikipediacommunity portalrecent changescontact page tools what links hererelated changesupload filespecial pagespermanent linkpage informationwikidata itemcite this page print export create a bookdownload as pdfprintable version languages add links this page was last modified on 10 october 2016 at 17 35 . text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike license ; additional terms may apply . by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy . wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc. a non profit organization . privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia developers cookie statement mobile view