software founded 1988 headquarters los altos california us key people dave winer founder and former ceo jean louis gass e former board member john robb former president robert scoble former director of marketing products web content management and blogging software packages and services number of employees fewer than 10 at any time website www.userland.com userland software is a us based software company founded in 1988 1 that sells web content management and blogging software packages and services . contents 1 company history 2 frontier 3 early web building applications 4 manila 5 radio userland 6 xml based protocols and formats 6.1 xml rpc 6.2 soap 6.3 rss 6.4 opml 7 references 8 external links company history edit dave winer founded the company in 1988 after leaving symantec in the spring of 1988 . jean louis gass e who resigned in 1990 as chief of apple s product development came to serve on userland s board of directors . 2 frontier edit userland s first product release of april 1989 was userland ipc a developer tool for interprocess communication that was intended to evolve into a cross platform rpc tool . 3 in january 1992 userland released version 1.0 of frontier 4 a scripting environment for the macintosh which included an object database and a scripting language named usertalk . 5 6 at the time of its original release frontier was the only system level scripting environment for the macintosh 7 but apple was working on its own scripting language applescript 8 and started bundling it with the macos 7 system software . as a consequence most macintosh scripting work came to be done in the less powerful but free scripting language provided by apple . 9 in response userland came to re position frontier as a web development environment 10 distributing the software free of charge with the aretha release of may 1995 . 11 in late 1996 frontier 4.1 had become an integrated development environment that lends itself to the creation and maintenance of web sites and management of web pages sans much busywork 12 and by the time frontier 4.2 was released in january 1997 the software was firmly established in the realms of website management and cgi scripting 7 allowing users to taste the power of large scale database publishing with free software . 13 frontier s newspage suite came to play a pivotal role in the emergence of blogging through its adoption by jorn barger 14 chris gulker and others in the 1997 98 period . 15 userland launched a windows version of frontier 5.0 in january 1998 16 and began charging for licenses again with the 5.1 release of june 1998 . 17 18 frontier subsequently became the kernel for two of userland s products manila and radio userland as well as dave winer s opml editor all of which support the usertalk scripting language . userland eventually placed frontier under the open source gnu general public license with the 10.0 a1 release of september 28 2004 . 19 frontier is now maintained by the frontier kernel project . early web building applications edit userland developed two pioneering web building applications autoweb 20 in early 1995 and clay basket 21 later that year . both applications went through a free public beta period yet neither was ever released in a 1.0 version . in 1996 clay basket was abandoned in favor of improved web publishing functionality built into frontier . 22 manila edit launched as part of frontier 6.1 in november 1999 23 manila is a content management system that allows the hosting of web sites and their editing through a browser . 24 within days of releasing manila userland set up a free manila hosting service editthispage.com 25 which quickly became a popular weblogging service . radio userland edit main article radio userland radio userland is a client side weblog system that hosts blogs on userland s servers for an annual software license fee . the software includes an rss aggregator and was one of the first applications to both send and receive audio files as rss enclosures see podcasting . userland was an early adopter of the rss syndication method merging winer s scripting news xml format with netscape s rss . first released as a public beta under the name pike in march 2000 26 the software came to be released in synch with manila version numbering the initial release of 2001 was named radio userland 7.0 27 and its only major upgrade in 2002 radio userland 8.0 . 28 the software is no longer considered to be under active development . 29 xml based protocols and formats edit userland counts among the earliest adopters of xml with first experiments made in late 1997 . 30 the company was involved in the development specification and implementation of several xml formats and was noted for its commitment to openness . 31 xml rpc edit main article xml rpc created in 1998 by userland software and microsoft 32 xml rpc is a remote procedure call protocol which uses xml to encode its calls and http as a transport mechanism . 33 userland first included a stable xml rpc framework with its 5.1.3 release of frontier in august 1998 34 and subsequently made extensive use of xml rpc in its frontier based products manila and radio userland . xml rpc is also used in the metaweblog api . soap edit main article soap soap evolved from xml rpc and was designed as an object access protocol by dave winer don box bob atkinson and mohsen al ghosein in 1998 with backing from microsoft where atkinson and al ghosein worked at the time . soap 1.1 was submitted to the w3c by microsoft ibm and userland amongst others on may 9 2000 . 35 version 1.2 of the proposed standard 36 became a w3c recommendation on june 24 2003 . rss edit main article rss rss abbreviation for really simple syndication is a family of web feed formats used to publish frequently updated works such as blog entries news headlines audio and video in a standardized format . 37 an rss document which is called a feed web feed 38 or channel includes full or summarized text plus metadata such as publishing dates and authorship . between 1999 and 2003 userland contributed various versions of the rss specification . for an overview of the process see the history of web syndication technology . using rss userland also ran one of the first web aggregators my.userland.com which allowed users to follow numerous weblogs from a single web page . userland s rss advocacy led them to develop rss feeds for the new york times company . 39 the original feeds used a variation on standard rss and the feeds were only publicized to userland radio bloggers . the times later broadened its support of rss but the original relationship is still visible in times rss feed addresses such as http www.nytimes.com services xml rss userland homepage.xml opml edit main article opml outline processor markup language opml is an xml format for outlines . originally developed in 2000 as a native file format for radio userland s outliner application it has since been adopted for other uses the most common being to exchange lists of web feeds between web feed aggregators . references edit winer dave 1988 . outliners & programming . userland . retrieved august 15 2008 . official site siegman ken ; don clark january 10 1991 . macworld expo new products heavy traffic . the san francisco chronicle final ed . . san francisco . p. c3 . dyson esther april 1989 . userland plumbing for the mac . release 1.0 . 89 4 . pp. 4 6 . userland launches frontier scripting tool for macintosh . infoworld . january 20 1992 . p. 20 . access date requires url help miller michael j. may 13 1992 . frontier lets mac users build scripts across applications . infoworld . retrieved february 23 2012 . swaine michael september 1992 . frontier userland s scripting tool lets you write your own utilities for automating your desktop . macuser . retrieved february 23 2012 . a b neuburg matt january 1998 . frontier the definitive guide . o reilly . retrieved january 31 2011 . zachary g. pascal 1992 05 01 . apple enlists small company for software . wall street journal . new york . hill brian 1996 . userland s power trio makes net.waves . slack magazine . archived from the original on may 12 1997 . retrieved february 3 2011 . winer dave 1997 . the story of frontier . userland . retrieved august 8 2008 . winer dave may 9 1995 . being free . davenet . retrieved august 9 2008 . crabb don november 18 1996 . webmasters get welcome relief with frontier 4.1 . . macweek . veen jeffrey november 24 1997 . object oriented publishing on the web . webmonkey . archived from the original on august 28 1999 . rosenberg scott june 16 2009 . they shall know you through your links jorn barger filters . say everything how blogging began what it s becoming and why it matters ebook ed . . new york crown . p. 75 . isbn 978 0 307 45138 5 . ammann rudolf 2009 . jorn barger the newspage network and the emergence of the weblog community . proceedings of the 20th acm conference on hypertext and hypermedia . torino italy acm . pp. 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services with xml rpc . o reilly media inc. isbn 978 0 596 00119 3 . retrieved 11 june 2012 . userland august