nativity scenes
native men remade gender and nation in contemporary hawaii
many indigenous hawaiian men have felt profoundly disempowered by the legacies of colonization and by the tourist industry which in addition to occupying a great deal of land promotes a feminized image of native hawaiians evident in the ubiquitous figure of the dancing hula girl . in the 1990s a group of native men on the island of maui responded by refashioning and reasserting their masculine identities in a group called the hale mua the mens house . as a member and an ethnographer ty p. k & 257 ; wika tengan analyzes how the groups mostly middle aged middle class and mixed race members assert a warrior masculinity through practices including martial arts woodcarving and cultural ceremonies . some of their practices are heavily influenced by or borrowed from other indigenous polynesian traditions including those of the m & 257 ; ori . the men of the hale mua enact their refashioned identities as they participate in temple rites protest marches public lectures and cultural fairs . p the sharing of personal stories is an integral part of hale mua fellowship and tengans account is filled with members first person narratives . at the same time tengan explains how hale mua rituals and practices connect to broader projects of cultural revitalization and hawaiian nationalism . he brings to light the tensions that mark the groups efforts to reclaim indigenous masculinity as they arise in debates over nineteenth century historical source materials and during political and cultural gatherings held in spaces designated as tourist sites . he explores class status anxieties expressed through the sharing of individual life stories critiques of the hale mua registered by hawaiian women and challenges the group received in dialogues with other indigenous polynesians . native men remade is the fascinating story of how gender culture class and personality intersect as a group of indigenous hawaiian men work to overcome the dislocations of colonial history .