#ifndef __CSAPP_H__
#define __CSAPP_H__

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>


/* Default file permissions are DEF_MODE & ~DEF_UMASK */
/* $begin createmasks */
#define DEF_MODE   S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IROTH|S_IWOTH
#define DEF_UMASK  S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH
/* $end createmasks */

/* Simplifies calls to bind(), connect(), and accept() */
/* $begin sockaddrdef */
typedef struct sockaddr SA;
/* $end sockaddrdef */

/* Persistent state for the robust I/O (Rio) package */
/* $begin rio_t */
#define RIO_BUFSIZE 8192
typedef struct {
    int rio_fd;                /* descriptor for this internal buf */
    int rio_cnt;               /* unread bytes in internal buf */
    char *rio_bufptr;          /* next unread byte in internal buf */
    char rio_buf[RIO_BUFSIZE]; /* internal buffer */
} rio_t;
/* $end rio_t */

/* External variables */
extern int h_errno;    /* defined by BIND for DNS errors */ 
extern char **environ; /* defined by libc */

/* Misc constants */
#define MAXLINE  8192  /* max text line length */
#define MAXBUF   8192  /* max I/O buffer size */
#define LISTENQ  1024  /* second argument to listen() */

/* Our own error-handling functions */
void unix_error(char *msg);
void posix_error(int code, char *msg);
void dns_error(char *msg);
void app_error(char *msg);


/* Process control wrappers */
pid_t Fork(void);
void Execve(const char *filename, char *const argv[], char *const envp[]);
pid_t Wait(int *status);

int Gethostname(char *name, size_t len) ;
int Setenv(const char *name, const char *value, int overwrite);

/* Unix I/O wrappers */
int Open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode);
ssize_t Read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
off_t Lseek(int fildes, off_t offset, int whence);
void Close(int fd);
int Select(int  n, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds, 
           struct timeval *timeout);
int Dup2(int fd1, int fd2);
void Stat(const char *filename, struct stat *buf);
void Fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf) ;

/* Memory mapping wrappers */
void *Mmap(void *addr, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
void Munmap(void *start, size_t length);

/* Sockets interface wrappers */
int Socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
void Setsockopt(int s, int level, int optname, const void *optval, int optlen);
void Bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *my_addr, int addrlen);
void Listen(int s, int backlog);
int Accept(int s, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen);
void Connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *serv_addr, int addrlen);

/* DNS wrappers */
struct hostent *Gethostbyname(const char *name);
struct hostent *Gethostbyaddr(const char *addr, int len, int type);

/* Rio (Robust I/O) package */
ssize_t rio_readn(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);
ssize_t rio_writen(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);
void rio_readinitb(rio_t *rp, int fd); 
ssize_t rio_readnb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t n);
ssize_t rio_readlineb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t maxlen);

/* Wrappers for Rio package */
ssize_t Rio_readn(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);
void Rio_writen(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);
void Rio_readinitb(rio_t *rp, int fd); 
ssize_t Rio_readnb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t n);
ssize_t Rio_readlineb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t maxlen);

/* Client/server helper functions */
int open_clientfd(char *hostname, int portno);
int open_listenfd(int portno);

/* Wrappers for client/server helper functions */
int Open_clientfd(char *hostname, int port);
int Open_listenfd(int port); 


/* pthread wrapper functions */
int Pthread_create(pthread_t * thread,
		const pthread_attr_t * attr,
		void *(*start_routine)(void*), void *arg);

int Pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond,
		const pthread_condattr_t *attr);

int Pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
		const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr);

int Pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

int Pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

int Pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond,
				pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

int Pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond,
				pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

int Pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cond);

void *Malloc(size_t size);

#endif /* __CSAPP_H__ */