Ba'o VN: Dda~ co' mo^t the^' he^. hoa. si~ tre?

[AnHai Doan <anhai@cs.washington.edu>]

Ba'o VN service 10/04/97
=========================
Ba'o Lao ddo^.ng, so^' 48, tr.5

Dda~ co' mo^t the^' he^. hoa. si~ tre? 

Vo+'i hai ye^'u to^' ca(n ba?n: Ca'c tra`o lu+u nghe^. thua^.t hie^.n dda.i
cu?a the^' gio+'i ddi va`o Vie^.t nam va` ddu+o+.c giu+'oi hoa. si~ khai tha'c
kha' thoa?i ma'i, mo^.t thi. tru+o+`ng ba('t dda^`u hi`nh tha`nh vo+'i chie^`u
hu+o+'ng ngoa.i la` c hu? ye^'u. Cu`ng lu'c ddo', cuo^.c "pha?n co^ng tu+.
ve^." cu?a y' thu+'c ba?o ve^. truye^`n tho^'ng, ba?n sa('c va(n hoa' da^n
to^.c" la^.p tu+'c a`o a.t tre^n mo.i ma(.t tra^.n. Bo^'i ca?nh xa~ ho^.i va(n
hoa' a^'y ta.o ne^n dda(.c ddie^?m cu?a the^' he ^. 90: "Ngo^n ngu+~ 'Bie^?u
hie^.n - Tru+`u tu+o+.ng ddo'ng va`i tro` ci'nh co^.ng khai tha'c mo^tip co^?
phu+o+ng Ddo^ng va` Vie^.t nam ddu+a va`o kho^ng gian ho^.i hoa. hie^.n
dda.i". 

Tru+o+'c he^'t, thu+? xa'c ddi.nh: the^' na`o la` "hoa. si~ tre?",? o+?
nu+o+'c ta tu+` la^u nay, co' le~ vi` truye^`n tho^'ng "tam/tu+' dda.i ddo^`ng
ddu+o+`ng " ca'c va(n nghe^. si~ chu+a ddu+o+.c xe^'p chie^'u tre^n giu+~a
ddi`nh dde^`u mang danh "tre?  " (co' la^`n nha` tho+ Nguye^~n Duy sa('p ngu~
tua^`n, tru+o+'c mo^.t cu+? toa. ddo^ng dda?o pha?i thanh minh "To^i kho^ng
co`n la` nha` tho+ tre?"). Ro^`i dde^'n quy u+o+'c ba^'t tha`nh va(n: 40
tuo^?i tro+ xuo^'ng go.i la` "tre?" 

Trong cuo^'n sa'ch "Hoa. si~ tre? Vie^.t nam " (NXB My~ thua^.t) mo+'i dda^y,
hai ddo`ng ta'c gia? Phan Ca^?m Thu+o+.ng va` Lu+o+ng Xua^n Ddoa`n xe^'p ca?
Nguye^~n Thanh Bi`nh, sinh 1954 va`o ha`ng ngu~ "tre?". No'i ddu'ng ho+n,
dda^y la` "the^' he^. mo+' i", the^' he^. xua^'t hie^.n trong nhu+~ng na(m 90,
la` tho+`i ky` ba('t dda^`u su+. gia nha^.p cu?a ho^.i hoa. Vie^.t nam va`o
la`ng toa`n ca^`u. 

Hai ta'c gia? cuo^'n sa'ch ghi nha^.n ta`i na(ng va` su+. co^' ga('ng cu?a
ca'c hoa. si~ tre? trong vie^.c ti`m to`i ca'c ngo^n ngu+~ bie^?u hie^.n, song
dda~ ne^u le^n kha'c nhie^`u ddie^?m ye^'u cu?a the^' he^. na`y. 

Ne^'u nhu+, va(n ho.c, sa^n kha^'u, ddie^.n a?nh dda~ dda(.t ra nhie^`u va^'n
dde^` cu?a co^ng vie^.c ddo^?i mo+'i nhu+ dda'nh gia' la.i ca'c gia' tri.
li.ch su+? va` qua' khu+', ddi sa^u va`o nhu+~ng va^'n dde^` nha^n va(n ma`
va(n nghe^. truo+'c kia kho ^ng quan ta^m nhie^`u, khai tha'c so^' pha^.n ca'
nha^n con ngu+o+`i thi` no^.i ho^.i hoa. no'i chung cu~ng nhu+ ho^.i hoa.
"tre?" no'i rie^ng, kho^ng la`m va` kho^ng ddu+o+.c vie^.c ddo'. 

Thi. tru+o+`ng tu+. pha't hfinh tha`nh vo+'i nhu+~ng kha'c mua (nu+o+'c
ngoa`i) chu+a pha?i thuo^.c ta^`m cao dda~ "co^? vo~" cho xu hu+o+'ng hie^.n
dda.i Cha^u a^u va` xu hu+o+'ng da^n to^.c he.p heo`i", la`m cho nghe^.
thua^.t nhanh cho'ng suy ddo^`i tr u+o+'c a'p lu+.c thu+o+ng ma.i. 

Tie^'p xu'c vo+'i the^' gio+'i chu? ye^'u qua sa'ch vo+?, ca'c hoa. si~ tre?
chi? co' the^? cha.y theo sau ngu+o+`i ta, do ddo' "trong do`ng tha'c lu~ chu?
ngha~ hie^.n dda.i cha?y dde^'n, Vie^.t nam chi? co`n la` con la.ch nho? lo+`
ddo+`: trong khi toa` n bo^. hoa. si~ tre? the^' gio+'i hie^. ta.i dda~ ddu+a
chu? nghi~a ddo' ddo' voa` tu? u+o+'p ba?o ta`ng ro^`i. 

Go.i la` hoa. si~ tre?, thu+.c ra chi? ne^n ti'nh nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i o+? tuo^?i
ha(m dde^'n 30 la` quqa'. Ne^'u la^'y chua^?n "30 tro+? xuo^'ng a'p dda(.t
va`o Vie^.t nam, tha^'y chu+a pha^'n kho+?i. Trong lu+'a a^'y, mo+'i va`i
ngu+o+`i tha`nh danh: Hu+'a Thanh Bi`nh, Ddinh y' Nhi', Vu~ Tha(ng. The^m va`i
"pha't hie^.n mo+i" Tri.nh Quo^'c Chie^'n, Nguye^~n Kim Tha`nh, Tra^`n Quo^'c
Tua^'n, Le^ Ho^`ng Tha'i, Pha.m Ngo.c Minh (dde^`u o+? Ha` No^.i), Mai Anh
Du~ng (TP.Ho^` Chi' Minh ) 

Ho^.i My~ thua^.t TP.Ho^` Chi' Minh "bu+'c xu'c ve^` chuye^.n "the^' he^.
tre?". Mo^.t ca^u la.c bo^. hoa. si~ tre? vu+`a ddu+o+.c tha`nh la^.p dde^?
co^? vo~ va` ta.o ddie^`u kie^.n ho.c ta^.p dde^? co^? vo~ va` to. ddie`eu
kie^.n ho.c ta^.p, la`m vie^.c
 cho ho.. Ho^.i dda~ ma.nh da.n "ca^'y sa^u" khi mo+`i ca? mo^.t so^' ngu+o+`i
tre? ddang co`n ngo^`i ghe^' sinh vie^n Dda.i ho.c My~ thua^.t tham gia. 

Ve^` phi'a Nha` nu+o+'c va` gio+'i su+u ta^.p, kinh doanh nghe^. thua^.t,
chu+a tha^'y ai co' y' ddo^` vun xo+'i nghe^. thua^.t tu+` lu+'a tre?; cha('c
va^~n theo ddu+o+`ng cu~: ddo+.i ca^y na`o mo.c vo.t le^n thi` ha'i hoa nga('t
qua? dde^? ro^`i ca^y ma u cho'ng e`o uo^.t va` kho^ he'o? 

Ngu+o+`i ta ba('t dda^`u no'i nhie^`u dde^'n "Ha^.u - hie^.n dda.i" (Post -
Modern). Mo+? ro^.ng kho^ng gian ra ngoa`i gia' ve~, tro+? tha`nh nghe^.
thua^.t "xe^'p dda(.t" (installation), nghe^. thu.at "co' sa(~n" ready -
made), nghe^. thua^.t thu+.c ddi.  a "land - art) la` nhu+~ng xu hu+o+'ng
mo+'i (ca'c thua^.t ngu+~ tie^'ng Vie^.t la` cu?a Du+o+ng Tu+o+?ng). Co' ve?
nhu+ kha' thua^.n lo+.i dde^? khai tha'c ca'c cha^'t lie^.u va` kho^ng gian
"dda(.c Vie^.t nam " (tu+` ddo^` va`ng ma~ dde^'n ho`n dda', go ^'c ca^y...)
o+? Ha` no^.i dda~ co' va`i hoa. si~ tre? "cho+i" kie^?u na`y.

Song mo^.tla~o hoa~ si~ vu+`a ca(n da(.n cha'u o^ng:"Pha?i ho.c tha^.t vu+~ng,
tha^.t tinh nghe^` ro^`i pha' mo^.t ca'i cho dde^'n no+i. Ca'c ba.n tre? nghi~
sao? 

Thua^.n Thie^n
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