[TTCN 15/5] Ngu+o+`i ba('c nhi.p ca^`u cho ca'c ne^`n va(n ho'a

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Ngu+o+`i ba('c nhi.p ca^`u cho ca'c ne^`n va(n ho'a 

VA^N LONG 

Hu+~u Ngo.c la` mo^.t gia?ng vie^n ddu+o+.c ha^m mo^. mo^~i la^`n o^ng
ddi no'i chuye^.n o+? nu+o+'c ngoa`i (o^ng tho^ng tha.o ca'c thu+'
tie^'ng Anh, Pha'p, DDu+'c). O^ng dda~ 24 la^`n ra nu+o+'c ngoa`i, vu+`a
du+. ca'c ho^.i nghi. khoa ho.c vu+`a ddi no'i chuye^.n ve^` va(n ho'a
VN. Co' mo^.t la' thu+ ca?m o+n cu?a Pho`ng thu+o+ng ma.i Vie^.t - My~
o+? Hawaii ve^` buo^?i no'i chuye^.n cu?a o^ng (buo^?i na`y thi'nh gia?
pha?i tra? 23 USD va`o cu+?a): "Ca?m o+n o^ng ve^` buo^?i no'i chuye^.n
tuye^.t vo+`i. Chu'ng to^i nhu+ bi. tho^i mie^n khi nghe o^ng ke^? ve^`
di~ va~ng va` hie^.n ta.i cu?a va(n ho'a VN"... Cu~ng no^.i dung a^'y,
o^ng ddi no'i chuye^.n o+? ta'm tha`nh pho^' thuo^.c CHLB DDu+'c. o+?
dda^y o^ng cu~ng ddu+o+.c hoan nghe^nh, qua thu+: "Ca'c ba`i no'i dde^`u
ca^'u tru'c to^'t, tri`nh ba`y uye^?n chuye^?n khie^'n ngu+o+`i nghe
tha^'m thi'a ve^` li.ch su+? va` nhu+~ng dda(.c ddie^?m va(n ho'a VN". 

Nga`y 6-6-1997, nha^n Quo^'c kha'nh Thu.y DDie^?n, la^`n dda^`u o+? VN
vi. dda.i su+' Thu.y DDie^?n dda~ trao ta(.ng nha` va(n ho'a Hu+~u Ngo.c
hua^n chu+o+ng Ngo^i sao phu+o+ng Ba('c cu?a Chi'nh phu? Thu.y DDie^?n,
dde^? tu+o+?ng le^. ngu+o+`i dda~ ba('c nhi.p ca^`u va(n ho'a VN - Thu.y
DDie^?n ba(`ng nhu+~ng hoa.t ddo^.ng thie^'t thu+.c va` sinh ddo^.ng
tu+` nhie^`u na(m nay. Na(m 1992 Hu+~u Ngo.c cho xua^'t ba?n cuo^'n
Ma?nh tro+`i Ba('c A^u: va(n ho'a Thu.y DDie^?n. Ro^`i o^ng nha^.n la`m
chu? ti.ch Qui~ Thu.y DDie^?n - VN pha't trie^?n va(n ho'a tu+` na(m
na(m nay. Qui~ dda~ go'p pha^`n tu bo^?, xa^y du+.ng nhie^`u dde^`n
tho+`, bia mo^. danh nha^n va` ca'c co^ng tri`nh va(n ho'a VN, giu'p
ddo+~ ho.c bo^?ng cho nhie^`u ta`i na(ng tre?, ta`i tro+. ca'c trie^?n
la~m ho^.i ho.a, ca'c xua^'t ba?n pha^?m ve^` va(n ho'a truye^`n
tho^'ng. 

Kho^ng chi? vo+'i Thu.y DDie^?n, o^ng co`n ba('c nhi.p ca^`u va(n ho'a
cho nhie^`u nu+o+'c kha'c dde^'n vo+'i VN. Vo+'i Nha^.t Ba?n, o^ng bie^n
soa.n Hoa anh dda`o va` ddie^.n tu+? - cha^n dung va(n ho'a Nha^.t Ba?n
(1989); vo+'i Pha'p, o^ng co' Pha'c tha?o cha^n dung va(n ho'a Pha'p
(1991); vo+'i Hoa Ky`, o^ng co' Ho^` so+ va(n ho'a My~ (1995). Mo^~i
cuo^'n o^ng dde^`u co' ca'ch la`m rie^ng sao cho sinh ddo^.ng, phong
phu', dda^`y a('p lu+o+.ng tho^ng tin. Thi' du. cuo^'n Ho^` so+ va(n
ho'a My~, o^ng dda~ ta^.n du.ng mo^'i quan he^. ro^.ng ra~i vo+'i ba.n
be` ddu? ca'c ma`u da tre^n ca'c cha^u lu.c, vie^'t thu+ ho?i ho.: Co'
mo^.t ne^`n va(n ho'a My~ kho^ng? Ne^'u co' thi` ca'i hay ca'i do+? cu?a
no' o+? cho^~ na`o? O^ng nha^.n ddu+o+.c ra^'t nhie^`u thu+ tra? lo+`i.
Tu+` nhie^`u go'c ddo^. kha'c nhau, ta ddu+o+.c hie^?u va(n ho'a My~
tu+` chi'nh nhu+~ng nha` nghie^n cu+'u va(n ho'a My~ o+? mo.i phu+o+ng
tro+`i: mo^.t nha` da^n to^.c ho.c ngu+o+`i DDu+'c, mo^.t nu+~ gia'o su+
su+? ho.c ngu+o+`i Anh, mo^.t ngu+o+`i y' o+? Ro^ma trong To^? chu+'c
Lu+o+ng thu+.c va` no^ng nghie^.p Lie^n Hie^.p Quo^'c, mo^.t gia'o su+
Tru+o+`ng dda.i ho.c Hawaii, mo^.t nha` va(n Bi?, mo^.t ngu+o+`i tri'
thu+'c da ddo?, mo^.t tha^?m pha'n ngu+o+`i da dden,... O^ng co`n chu?
bie^n nhu+~ng cuo^'n sa'ch "co^ng cu." cho nga`nh gia'o du.c: Tu+`
ddie^?n trie^'t ho.c gia?n ye^'u, Tu+` ddie^?n ta'c gia? va(n ho.c va`
sa^n kha^'u nu+o+'c ngoa`i, Tu+` ddie^?n ta'c pha^?m va(n ho.c nu+o+'c
ngoa`i, So^? tay ngu+o+`i di.ch tie^'ng Anh, So^? tay ngu+o+`i du`ng
tie^'ng Pha'p... DDo' la` "nha^.p kha^?u" va(n ho'a the^' gio+'i va`o
VN. Co`n "xua^'t kha^?u", co^ng vie^.c na`y kho' la`m ho+n bo+?i pha?i
vie^'t tha(?ng ba(`ng tie^'ng Anh, tie^'ng Pha'p ma` va^~n giu+~
ddu+o+.c ho^`n va` co^'t cu?a ca^u va(n Vie^.t. Li~nh vu+.c na`y o^ng
cu~ng la`m nhie^`u vie^.c ra^'t dda'ng ke^?, thi' du. sa'ch chuye^?n
sang Pha'p ngu+~: Tuye^?n ta^.p va(n ho.c da^n gian VN, bo^. Tuye^?n
ta^.p va(n ho.c VN (ddo^`ng chu? bie^n Nguye^~n Kha('c Vie^.n), Pha'c
tha?o cha^n dung va(n ho'a VN (664 trang kho^? lo+'n, vu+`a ddu+o+.c
gia?i thu+o+?ng sa'ch tri`nh ba`y dde.p). So^' dda^`u sa'ch o^ng nghie^n
cu+'u, bie^n soa.n hoa(.c sa'ng ta'c nay dda~ vu+o+.t con so^' 50. Co`n
ba`i ba'o thi`... kho^ng the^? ti'nh dde^'m ddu+o+.c. O^ng tu+`ng la`m
to^?ng bie^n ta^.p ba to+` ta.p chi' tie^'ng Pha'p va` Anh nhu+
L'Etincelle (Tia lu+?a), Vietnam en Marche (Vie^.t Nam tie^'n bu+o+'c),
Vietnamese Studies (Nghie^n cu+'u ve^` VN) trong nhie^`u na(m. Hie^.n
o^ng va^~n la`m co^' va^'n cho Nha` xua^'t ba?n The^' Gio+'i. 

O^ng Hu+~u Ngo.c que^ go^'c xa~ Tri' Qua?, huye^.n Thua^.n Tha`nh, Ha`
Ba('c. O^ng no^.i cu?a o^ng la` cu. Tu' Thua^.t, ra Ha` No^.i sinh
so^'ng la^.p nghie^.p cho ne^n Hu+~u Ngo.c sinh ra o+? pho^' Ha`ng Gai
(na(m 1918). O^ng va^~n co`n nho+' pho^' Ha`ng Gai ho^`i ddo' thuo^.c
phu+o+`ng Co^? Vu~, co' mo^.t ca^y dda ra^'t to va` la` phu+o+`ng kha('c
kha' nhie^`u mo^.c ba?n dde^? in sa'ch Ha'n No^m. 

Lo+'n le^n, o^ng va`o ho.c Tru+o+`ng Bu+o+?i, ddo^~ tu' ta`i trie^'t,
ro^`i ho.c lua^.t ddu+o+.c mo^.t na(m. O^ng vo^'n thi'ch nghe^` da.y
ho.c, ne^n ro+`i gia ddi`nh va`o Vinh da.y ho.c tu+` na(m 21 tuo^?i.
O^ng da.y tie^'ng Pha'p, tie^'ng Anh va` su+? ta.i Tru+o+`ng tu+ thu.c
Le^~ Va(n. Ro^`i o^ng va`o Hue^' da.y Tru+o+`ng Vie^.t Anh. Ca'c gia'o
vie^n o+? tru+o+`ng na`y la` Cao Xua^n Huy, DDoa`n Phu' Tu+', Che^' Lan
Vie^n... Khi ta'ch tru+o+`ng, la^.p the^m Tru+o+`ng Ho^`ng DDu+'c, o^ng
la.i quen the^m ca'c tha^`y Nguye^~n DDo^~ Cung, Nguye^~n DDu+'c Nu`ng
(da.y ho.a), Hoa`i Thanh va` Te^' Hanh. Na(m 1946, co' mo^.t ky` thi
cho.n gia'o vie^n tie^'ng Anh thi` Hu+~u Ngo.c ddo^~ dda^`u. 

Tre^n tu+o+`ng nha` o^ng co' treo mo^.t ddo^i ca^u ddo^'i chu+~ No^m do
mo^.t ho.c tro` cu~ ki'nh ta(.ng tha^`y: Tre? gio?i ho.c ddu+'ng dda^`u
va`i ba?ng kho^i nguye^n, dde.p mo^.t ddo+`i a'o gu. qua^`n xanh
hu+o+'ng dda.o - Gia` sung su+'c chu? bie^n nhie^`u pho tu+` ddie^?n,
vu+~ng bao la^u mu+.c dden gia^'y tra('ng la^.p ngo^n. 

Thi` ra ho^`i tre? Hu+~u Ngo.c tu+`ng la` hu+o+'ng dda.o sinh. Phu+o+ng
cha^m ho.c ma` cho+i, cho+i ma` ho.c dda~ tro+? tha`nh phu+o+ng pha'p
gia'o du.c cu?a tha^`y Hu+~u Ngo.c trong nghe^` su+ pha.m. O^ng la^.p ra
ca'c nho'm ho.c sinh, ddu+a ddi ca('m tra.i, ddu+a no^.i dung ho.c va`o
ca'c cuo^.c ddi cho+i. O^ng luo^n nghi~ ra nhie^`u ca'ch tri`nh ba`y
kha'c nhau cho cu`ng mo^.t no^.i dung gia?ng da.y. Va` sau na`y la`m
sa'ch nghie^n cu+'u cu~ng va^.y, o^ng kho^ng muo^'n go` va`o mo^.t hi`nh
thu+'c co^? ddie^?n na`o vo^'n quen ddu+o+.c du`ng trong nhu+~ng co^ng
tri`nh nghie^n cu+'u. 

Co' le~ vi` va^.y, nhu+~ng sa'ch nghie^n cu+'u cu?a o^ng cu~ng nhu+ ca'c
ba`i no'i chuye^.n cu?a o^ng ve^` va(n ho'a o+? nu+o+'c ngoa`i dde^`u
ddu+o+.c dda'nh gia' la` phong phu', ha^'p da^~n. Sa'ch nghie^n cu+'u
la.i co' the^? ddo.c mo^.t ma.ch, kho^ng pha?i ca(ng o'c khi tie^'p
nha^.n kie^'n thu+'c. 
Chi? trong mo^.t buo^?i tha(m o^ng o+? nha` rie^ng ta.i mo^.t ngo~ he?m
pho^' Kha^m Thie^n, to^i dda~ nha^.n ra o^ng nhu+ mo^.t nha` su+ pha.m
ho+n la` mo^.t nha` nghie^n cu+'u. Hoa(.c o^ng la` mo^.t nha` nghie^n
cu+'u va(n ho'a vo+'i ca(n co^'t cu?a mo^.t nha` su+ pha.m. DDie^`u na`y
chi'nh o^ng Hu+~u Ngo.c cu~ng thu+`a nha^.n khi o^ng tu+. pha^n ti'ch
co^ng vie^.c cu?a mi`nh: "Gia'o du.c la` chia se? su+. hie^?u bie^'t cho
mo.i ngu+o+`i. Khi to^i bie^n soa.n ca'c cuo^'n tu+` ddie^?n, chi'nh la`
dde^? the^m co^ng cu. cho nghe^` su+ pha.m. Tu+` tha^.p ky? 80 sang
dda^`u tha^.p ky? 90, to^i mo+'i sa('p xe^'p la.i kie^'n thu+'c dde^? ra
sa'ch ve^` ca'c ne^`n va(n ho'a, cha(?ng qua cu~ng la` ca'ch da.y ho.c
qua sa'ch. La`m nhu+~ng cuo^'n sa'ch ddo' muo^'n co' hie^.u qua? cu~ng
pha?i co' dda^`u o'c su+ pha.m khi tri`nh ba`y va^'n dde^`, la`m sao
vu+`a sa'ng ro~ vu+`a ha^'p da^~n". 
Su+. nghie^.p gia'o du.c cu?a o^ng Hu+~u Ngo.c co`n mo^.t giai ddoa.n
dda(.c bie^.t i't ngu+o+`i bie^'t: ddo' la` trong kha'ng chie^'n cho^'ng
Pha'p, o^ng la`m tru+o+?ng pho`ng gia'o du.c tu` ha`ng binh thuo^.c
ddo^.i qua^n le^ du+o+ng Pha'p go^`m ddu? ca'c sa('c to^.c: DDu+'c, Anh,
a'o, Hung, Tie^.p... Hu+~u Ngo.c vie^'t nhu+~ng ta`i lie^.u cho ca'c
tra.i tu` ha`ng binh ho.c ta^.p, gia'c ngo^. ho. ve^` phong tra`o ho`a
bi`nh, ve^` giai ca^'p, hu+o+'ng ho. dde^'n ha`nh ddo^.ng to^? chu+'c
pha?n chie^'n trong qua^n ddo^.i Pha'p. Sau nhu+~ng ddo+.t gia'o du.c,
ha`ng loa.t tu` ha`ng binh ddu+o+.c ddu+a tro+? la.i ha`ng ngu~ qua^n
ddo^.i Pha'p, dda~ ga^y ddu+o+.c phong tra`o pha?n chie^'n, ddo`i ho`a
bi`nh va` ho^`i hu+o+ng. Co^ng vie^.c ddi.ch va^.n co' ke^'t qua? to^'t,
Hu+~u Ngo.c ddu+o+.c ta(.ng hua^n chu+o+ng Chie^'n co^ng ha.ng 3, nhu+
mo^.t chie^'n si~ chie^'n dda^'u o+? ma(.t tra^.n va^.y. 

Na(m 1996, o^ng ddu+o+.c Nha` nu+o+'c ta ta(.ng hua^n chu+o+ng DDo^.c
la^.p. O^ng co`n la` ngu+o+`i VN dda^`u tie^n ddu+o+.c Chi'nh phu? Pha'p
ta(.ng hua^n chu+o+ng Ca`nh co. ha`n la^m (Palme Acade'mique). 

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Su+. nghie^.p gia'o du.c cu?a o^ng Hu+~u Ngo.c co`n mo^.t giai ddoa.n
dda(.c bie^.t i't ngu+o+`i bie^'t: ddo' la` trong kha'ng chie^'n cho^'ng
Pha'p, o^ng la`m tru+o+?ng pho`ng gia'o du.c tu` ha`ng binh thuo^.c
ddo^.i qua^n le^ du+o+ng Pha'p go^`m ddu? ca'c sa('c to^.c: DDu+'c, Anh,
a'o, Hung, Tie^.p... Hu+~u Ngo.c vie^'t nhu+~ng ta`i lie^.u cho ca'c
tra.i tu` ha`ng binh ho.c ta^.p, gia'c ngo^. ho. ve^` phong tra`o ho`a
bi`nh, ve^` giai ca^'p, hu+o+'ng ho. dde^'n ha`nh ddo^.ng to^? chu+'c
pha?n chie^'n trong qua^n ddo^.i Pha'p. Sau nhu+~ng ddo+.t gia'o du.c,
ha`ng loa.t tu` ha`ng binh ddu+o+.c ddu+a tro+? la.i ha`ng ngu~ qua^n
ddo^.i Pha'p, dda~ ga^y ddu+o+.c phong tra`o pha?n chie^'n, ddo`i ho`a
bi`nh va` ho^`i hu+o+ng. Co^ng vie^.c ddi.ch va^.n co' ke^'t qua? to^'t,
Hu+~u Ngo.c ddu+o+.c ta(.ng hua^n chu+o+ng Chie^'n co^ng ha.ng 3, nhu+
mo^.t chie^'n si~ chie^'n dda^'u o+? ma(.t tra^.n va^.y. 
Na(m 1996, o^ng ddu+o+.c Nha` nu+o+'c ta ta(.ng hua^n chu+o+ng DDo^.c
la^.p. O^ng co`n la` ngu+o+`i VN dda^`u tie^n ddu+o+.c Chi'nh phu? Pha'p
ta(.ng hua^n chu+o+ng Ca`nh co. ha`n la^m (Palme Acade'mique).