[TT 5/7] Gia'o du.c gio+'i ti'nh co' pha?i ca^'m ddi.a ?

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Gia'o du.c gio+'i ti'nh co' pha?i ca^'m ddi.a ?

DDo' la` mo^.t tie^'t ho.c kho^ng bi`nh thu+o+`ng. Co^ gia'o va`o lo+'p
vo+'i mo^.t phong tha'i co' pha^`n nghie^m nghi. , thay vi` gio+'i
thie^.u ba`i nhu+ thu+o+`ng le^., co^ la.i tha^.n tro.ng ma`o dda^`u :
"DDa^y la` mo^.t va^'n dde^` nghie^m tu'c va` te^' nhi....". Va^ng , co^
ddang ba('t dda^`u tie^'t da.y thi' ddie^?m dda^`u tie^n gia'o du.c AIDS
trong nha` tru+o+`ng pho^? tho^ng do So+? GD-DDT va` Trung ta^m Tho^ng
tin gia'o du.c su+'c kho?e pho^'i ho+.p trie^?n khai, o+? tho+`i ddie^?m
(na(m ho.c 1991-1992) ma` va^'n dde^` tuye^n truye^`n AIDS va^~n chu+a
pho^? bie^'n ro^.ng ra~i nhu+ ba^y gio+` . 
Kho^ng chi? la` "chuye^.n ngu+o+`i lo+'n"
     Co^ kho^ng de` da(.t sao ddu+o+.c bo+?i tru+o+'c ddo' trong mo^.t
buo^?i ho.p phu. huynh toa`n kho^'i 9 cu?a Tru+o+`ng ca^'p II, III
Su+o+ng Nguye^.t Anh, chi? mo+'i nghe hie^.u tru+o+?ng tri`nh ba`y, ho.
dda~ pha?n u+'ng ra^`n ra^`n : "No'i dde^'n AIDS la` no'i dde^'n ti`nh
du.c. Va^~n bie^'t la` gia'o du.c nhu+ng lo+~ ca'c em to` mo` sang
chuye^.n kha'c thi` nguy". La.i co' y' kie^'n kha'c : "DDo^'i tu+o+.ng
na`y la`m gi` co' chuye^.n ddi cho+i ma` la^y nhie^~m, ma` ca^`n pha?i
ddu+a va`o"... Cuo^'i cu`ng, ho. cu~ng bi. thuye^'t phu.c nhu+ng vo+'i
ddie^`u kie^.n : pha?i ta'ch ho.c sinh nam, nu+~ rie^ng va` pha?i cho
ban cha^'p ha`nh chi ho^.i phu. huynh lo+'p du+. gio+` (!). The^' nhu+ng
ba^'t cha^'p mo.i lo la('ng ra`o tru+o+'c ddo'n sau cu?a co^, lo+'p ho.c
die^~n ra co' pha^`n... ti'ch cu+.c ho+n thu+o+`ng le^.. Ho.c sinh quan
ta^m nhie^`u dde^'n ca(n be^.nh the^' ky?, ca'c con ddu+o+`ng la^y lan.
Ca'c ba.n nam thi nhau cha^'t va^'n co^ gia'o : "AIDS tu+` dda^u ma` co'
? Sao o^ng ba` mi`nh kho^ng ma('c pha?i ? Ho^n nhau co' bi. la^y nhie^~m
kho^ng?". Nhu+~ng ca^u ho?i thuo^.c loa.i "tha('c ma('c kho^ng bie^'t
ho?i ai" cu~ng ddu+o+.c ca'c ba.n bi' ma^.t gu+?i cho co^ gia'o : "Quan
he^. be^n ngoa`i vo+'i mo^.t ba.n trai co' thu. thai kho^ng ?". Hay co'
ba.n ca('c co+' ddo`i co^ gia'o cho xem condom "no' ra la`m sao". Va^ng,
hoa`n toa`n kho^ng chi? la` to` mo` khi co' ba.n thu' tha^.t vo+'i co^
dda~ tu+`ng co' quan he^. vo+'i ba.n kha'c pha'i, nhu+ng kho^ng hie^?u
bie^'t gi` va` cu~ng kho^ng da'm ta^m su+. cu`ng ba me.. 
Co^ Thanh Bi`nh - gia'o vie^n mo^n sinh - cho bie^'t trong chu+o+ng
tri`nh sinh va^.t lo+'p 9, HS ddu+o+.c ho.c chu+o+ng "Su+. sinh sa?n va`
pha't trie^?n cu?a co+ the^? con ngu+o+`i", qua ddo' dda~ ddu+o+.c ti`m
hie^?u nhu+~ng va^'n dde^` ma` nhie^`u phu. huynh co' the^? cho la`
"chuye^.n ngu+o+`i lo+'n" : nhu+~ng bie^'n ddo^?i cu?a co+ the^? o+?
tuo^?i da^.y thi`, ve^. sinh o+? nam va` nu+~, hie^.n tu+o+.ng thu.
thai... Ho+n nu+~a la.i ddu+o+.c ti`m hie^?u ca'c be^.nh la^y lan qua
ddu+o+`ng ti`nh du.c nhu+ be^.nh la^.u, giang mai, AIDS. Ta^'t ca? cu~ng
ga^`n 10 tie^'t. Co^ no'i: "Nhu+~ng pha^`n na`y co' muo^'n gia?ng qua
loa cu~ng kho^ng ddu+o+.c vi` HS ra^'t muo^'n hie^?u ky~, cu+' ho?i
to+'i. Nhu+~ng ca^u ho?i tru+o+'c tie^n la` to` mo`, sau ddo' la` do lo
so+. ca'c loa.i be^.nh la^y qua ddu+o+`ng ti`nh du.c. La.i the^m bao
gio+` trong pha^`n thi cu~ng co' mo^.t ca^u ve^` nhu+~ng va^'n dde^`
na`y ne^n HS ho.c ra^'t ky~ - co^ cu+o+`i - ba^y gio+` ma` ho?i, ca'c em
se~ no'i vanh va'ch ca'c bie^.n pha'p ke^' hoa.ch ho'a cho xem". Ro~
ra`ng va^'n dde^` gio+'i ti'nh kho^ng co`n mo+'i me?, ca^'m ky. vo+'i HS
pho^? tho^ng, no' chi? la` mo^n ho.c chu+a ddu+o+.c go.i ddu'ng te^n . 
     o+? mo^.t tru+o+`ng THCS (dde^` nghi. ddu+o+.c gia^'u te^n), mo^t
ca^.u HS 12 tuo^?i dda~ bie^'t "qua^'y ro^'i ti`nh du.c" ba.n ga'i cu`ng
lo+'p. Kho^ng nhu+~ng the^', ca^.u co`n "kho^n ngoan" du`ng tie^`n cha
me. cho dde^? kho^'ng che^' ba.n be` ne^n nhu+~ng chuye^.n ba^.y ba.
cu?a ca^.u kho^ng ba.n na`o da'm thu+a co^ gia'o va` gia ddi`nh. Ba` me.
ddau kho^? lu'c na`y mo+'i ti`m dde^'n mo^.t trung ta^m tu+ va^'n, ba`
ta^m su+. "hai vo+. cho^`ng ddi la`m suo^'t nga`y, chi? bie^'t cho con
tie^`n, cha'u pha't trie^?n ho^`i na`o cu~ng kho^ng hay bie^'t...". Bi
ki.ch cu?a nhie^`u gia ddi`nh cu~ng chi'nh tu+` cho^~ nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i
cha, ngu+o+`i me. cu+' la^`m tu+o+?ng su+. tru+o+?ng tha`nh cu?a con
ca'i cu~ng gio^'ng nhu+ ho. ma^'y chu.c na(m tru+o+'c. Mo^.t xa~ ho^.i
pha't trie^?n vo+'i mu+'c so^'ng nga`y ca`ng cao dda~ na?y sinh mo^.t
the^' he^. so+'m pha't trie^?n, hoa`n thie^.n ve^` ma(.t the^? cha^'t,
ma` theo pho' tie^'n si~ xa~ ho^.i ho.c Nguye^~n Minh Ho`a, nga`y nay
ca'c co^ be' tu+` 12 tuo^?i, nhu+~ng ca^.u be' tu+` 14 tuo^?i dda~ co'
da^'u hie^.u da^.y thi`. 
The^' nhu+ng nhu+~ng ba^.c cha me. thu+o+`ng i't chu' y' hoa(.c co' khi
ne' tra'nh, vo^ ti`nh la.i dda^?y ca'c co^ ca^.u va`o cho^~ ho.c lo'm,
la`m thu+?. Va` ha^.u qua? thi` theo ba'o ca'o cu?a Trung ta^m Ba?o ve^.
ba` me. va` tre? em - ke^' hoa.ch ho'a gia ddi`nh TP, so^' nu+~ thanh
nie^n du+o+'i tuo^?i 18 ddi pha' thai nga`y ca`ng ta(ng. Na(m 1994 co'
538, na(m 1995 : 1.423 va` dde^'n na(m 1996 la` 1.448 (dda^y chi? mo+'i
la` tho^'ng ke^ ta.i ca'c co+ so+? y te^' nha` nu+o+'c, chu+a ti'nh
nhu+~ng ca na.o pha' thai o+? ca'c co+ so+? tu+ nha^n). Ba` Nguye^~n
Thi. Thu+o+ng, pho' gia'm ddo^'c Trung ta^m Tu+ va^'n ti`nh ye^u - ho^n
nha^n - gia ddi`nh, cu~ng cho bie^'t: "Qua ca'c ca tu+ va^'n ta.i trung
ta^m, chu'ng to^i tha^'y hie^.n tu+o+.ng HS ye^u so+'m, trao tha^n cho
nhau ra^'t nhie^`u. Nhie^`u em mo+'i lo+'p 10, 11 dda~ chi.u ha^.u qua?
na(.ng ne^` ve^` ta^m ly', the^? cha^'t vi` ti`nh ye^u kie^?u nhu+
va^.y. Nhie^`u ba^.c cha me. kho^ng quan ta^m da.y do^~ con ca'i, khi
ca'c em la^`m lo+~ thi` la.i  coi ddo' la` chuye^.n "tro+`i sa^.p", la`
ddie^`u si? nhu.c, the^' la` dday nghie^'n con ca'i la`m cho nhie^`u em
kho^ngco`n lo^'i thoa't pha?i ti`m dde^'n ca'c gia?i pha'p tie^u cu+.c". 
Kho^ng i't ngu+o+`i cha, ngu+o+`i me. va^~n co`n lo+ la` vo+'i vie^.c
hu+o+'ng da^~n cho con mi`nh ve^` gio+'i ti'nh. Bo+?i va^.y, tha^`y
Tri.nh Tri Ta^'n, hie^.u tru+o+?ng Tru+o+`ng Su+o+ng Nguye^.t Anh, ke^?
: "Nha` tru+o+`ng pha?i la`m thay: co^ gia'o pha?i ta^.p trung ca'c em
ga'i lo+'p 7 da.y ve^` ve^. sinh phu. nu+~". Ngu+o+`i lo+'n thi` co^'
gia^'u gie^'m, nhu+ng ha(`ng nga`y tre^n tivi, ba'o chi', hay chi?
bu+o+'c ra ngo~ tho^i dda~ tha^'y tra`n lan ca'c qua?ng ca'o. Nhu+~ng
ddu+'a tre? cu~ng quen mie^.ng vo+'i "Trust, nha` vo^ ddi.ch"... Mo^.t
phu. huynh co' con ho.c ca^'p III ta.i tru+o+`ng du+. bi. dda.i ho.c
ta^m su+. vo+'i chu'ng to^i: "Tuy co' con trai ddo+~ lo ho+n con ga'i,
nhu+ng ne^'u cu+' dde^? cha'u to` mo` tu+. ti`m hie^?u, kho^ng bie^'t
kie^`m che^' vo+'i ba.n ga'i... ha^.u qua? kho^ng chi? co' co^ be' ma`
se~ la` tu+o+ng lai cu?a hai ddu+'a". 
"Qua' muo^.n la('m ro^`i khi va^~n chu+a gia'o du.c gio+'i ti'nh (GDGT)
trong gia ddi`nh va` nha` tru+o+`ng", ba'c si~ Phan Ho^`ng Anh (u?y ban
Da^n so^' - ke^' hoa.ch ho'a gia ddi`nh TP) dda~ ke^u le^n trong buo^?i
to.a dda`m ve^` "Thu+.c tra.ng gia'o du.c con em trong gia ddi`nh hie^.n
nay". Tha.c si~ Nguye^~n Thi. Oanh (pho' chu? ti.ch Ho^.i Ta^m ly' gia'o
du.c ho.c TP) cu~ng ddo^`ng ti`nh : "Nha` tru+o+`ng ne^'u kho^ng da.y
GDGT thi` cu~ng ne^n de.p luo^n da.y AIDS, be^.nh phu. khoa... vi`
chu'ng co' mo^'i quan he^. tu+o+ng ho^~ vo+'i nhau, ta'ch ra da.y rie^ng
hay bo? ca'i na`y da.y ca'i kia cu~ng dde^`u kha^.p khie^~ng". Ba` gia?i
thi'ch: "GDGT kho^ng pha?i la` da.y ky~ thua^.t sinh ho.c cu?a ti`nh
du.c ma` la` gia'o du.c nha^n ca'ch, nha^n sinh quan cu?a ddu+'a tre?
dde^? chu'ng bie^'t ca'ch u+'ng xu+? trong cuo^.c so^'ng". 

KIM LIE^N -  PHU+O+NG THa?O