Tin VN 18/7

[Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>]

Lu+o+.c tri'ch tin ha?i ngoa.i

Vie^.t Nam: Co^ng ty American Express giu'p tru`ng tu ddie^.n Minh La^u,
La(ng Minh Ma.ng
--------------------------------------------------------------------

HUE^', Vie^.t Nam -- To^? chu+'c Qui~ Di Sa?n The^' Gio+'i (World
Monuments Fund) vu+`a tho^ng ba'o cho Ban Gia'm Ddo^'c Trung Ta^m Ba?o
To^`n Di Ti'ch co^' ddo^ (TTBTDTCDd) Hue^', mie^`n Trung Vie^.t Nam la`
co^ng ty American Express cu?a Hoa Ky` dda~ quye^'t ddi.nh ta`i tro+.
80,000 ddo^ la cho co^ng cuo^.c tru`ng tu ddie^.n Minh La^u, La(ng Minh
Ma.ng, theo du+. a'n dde^` nghi. cu?a Trung Ta^m Ba?o To^`n Di Ti'ch co^'
ddo^ Hue^', vo+'i du+. tru` chi tie^u le^n dde^'n khoa?ng 1.7 ty? ddo^`ng
VN (khoa?ng 150,000 ddo^ la). 

Theo ke^' hoa.ch ta`i tro+. cu?a American Express, so^' tie^`n se~
ddu+o+.c chuye^?n giao trong 3 ddo+.t, ba('t dda^`u tu+` tha'ng 11-1997. 

Ddie^.n Minh La^u va` di ti'ch Mi~ So+n cu?a ngu+o+`i Cha`m co^? o+?
Qua?ng Nam la` hai trong so^' 100 di ti'ch the^' gio+'i ddu+o+.c ta`i
tro+. tru`ng tu trong chu+o+ng tri`nh na`y. 

Ca'ch dda^y hai na(m, cu~ng American Express na`y dda~ ta`i tro+. 75,000
ddo^ la Mi~ dde^? tru`ng tu Va(n Mie^'u o+? Ha` No^.i, sau khi ca'c bia
o+? dda^y bi. nu+'t vo+~. 


Ti`m tha^'y mo^.t ta`u dda('m ca'ch dda^y 5 the^' ky? ta.i Qua?ng Nam
----------------------------------------------------

SA`I GO`N -- Mo^.t chie^'c ta`u co^? bi. dda('m o+? vu`ng bie^?n Ho^.i An,
ti?nh Qua?ng Nam vu+`a ddu+o+.c ti`m tha^'y bo+?i hai co^ng ty Visal cu?a
Vie^.t Nam va` Saga cu?a Ma~ Lai. Ca'c du.ng cu. hie^.n dda.i cu?a Ban
kha?o sa't dda~ xa'c ddi.nh ba(`ng hi`nh a?nh ddu'ng 100% vi. tri' chie^'c
ta`u dda('m, co^? va^.t va` ca'c mo^ dda^'t -- tu+` dda'y bie^?n, na(`m
o+? ddo^. sa^u ga^`n 70 me't. Ca'c co+ quan tha^?m quye^`n hie^.n chu+a
kha(?ng ddi.nh xua^'t xu+' cu?a chie^'c ta`u, chi? bie^'t co^? va^.t dda~
ddu+o+.c ti`m tha^'y la` ddo^` go^'m su+' Chu Dda^.u (Ha?i Du+o+ng, Vie^.t
Nam), nie^n dda.i ca'ch dda^y khoa?ng 500 na(m (khoa?ng the^' ky? XV).
Tru+o+'c ddo', mo^.t so^' ngu+ da^n Qua?ng Nam dda~ ca`o que't ddu+o+.c
loa.i go^'m su+' na`y. Ti?nh Qua?ng Nam ddang ta(ng cu+o+`ng ba?o ve^.
hie^.n tru+o+`ng. Co^? va^.t se~ ddu+o+.c khai qua^.t theo phu+o+ng pha'p
tru.c vo+'t trong tho+`i gian to+'i. 


Ca?nh sa't VN ddu+o+.c Ca?nh sa't Lie^n Bang Ddu+'c ye^?m tro+.
-------------------------------------------------

SA`I GO`N -- Dda.i bie^.n la^m tho+`i Dda.i su+' qua'n Co^.ng Ho`a Lie^n
Bang Ddu+'c, o^ng Otto Schnekler, dda~ trao cho Dda.i ta' Tru+o+ng Hu+~u
Quo^'c, thuo^.c To^?ng cu.c ca?nh sa't Vie^.t Nam mo^.t co^ng va(n chi'nh
thu+'c cu?a Cu.c Ddie^`u tra Lie^n bang CHLB Ddu+'c ve^` vie^.c giu'p
ddo+~ nga`nh ca?nh sa't Vie^.t Nam . Theo ddo', phi'a Ddu+'c se~ cung
ca^'p nhu+~ng trang bi. ki~ thua^.t cho ca'c ddo+n vi. chuye^n tra'ch
cho^'ng to^.i pha.m ma tu'y, cu~ng nhu+ to^.i pha.m hi`nh su+. co' to^?
chu+'c va` dda`o ta.o mo^.t si~ quan ca?nh sa't trong li~nh vu+.c cho^'ng
ma tu'y. 

Ngay tu+` na(m ngoa'i, Cu.c Ddie^`u tra Lie^n bang Ddu+'c dda~ cung ca^'p
cho nga`nh ca?nh sa't cu?a Vie^.t Nam nhie^`u trang bi. va` dda~ to^?
chu+'c ta.i Ha` No^.i mo^.t kho'a hua^'n luye^.n nha(`m gia ta(ng kha?
na(ng ve^` cho^'ng ma tu'y. Mo^.t si~ quan ca?nh sa't VN dda~ theo ho.c
mo^.t kho'a 6 tha'ng ta.i Cu.c Ddie^`u tra Lie^n bang o+? Wlesbaden, ve^`
cho^'ng ma tu'y va` to^.i pha.m hi`nh su+.. Theo tinh tha^`n co^ng va(n
ky' ke^'t giu+~a hai Chi'nh phu? dda~ ddu+o+.c ky' ho^`i tha'ng Ta'm,
1996, co+ quan ca?nh sa't Ddu+'c va` co+ quan ca?nh sa't VN dda~ co' ca'c
bie^.n pha'p pho^'i ho+.p dde^? ta(ng cu+o+`ng ho+n nu+~a kha? na(ng
cho^'ng hoa.t ddo^.ng to^.i pha.m quo^'c te^' co' to^? chu+'c ddang co'
nguy co+ ta(ng le^n ta.i hai nu+o+'c. 


Ngoa.i thu+o+ng giu+~a VN va` Cha^u Mi~ gia ta(ng
----------------------------------------

SA`I GO`N -- Theo du+. ddi.nh mo+'i dda^y cu?a Bo^. Thu+o+ng Ma.i VN,
dde^'n na(m 2000 ca'c nu+o+'c A' Cha^u - Tha'i Bi`nh Duo+ng se~ chi?
chie^'m khoa?ng 50% to^?ng so^' xua^'t nha^.p ca?ng cu?a Vie^.t Nam va`
ty? le^. na`y se~ gia?m xuo^'ng co`n 45% va`o na(m 2010 va` 40% va`o na(m
2020. Trong khi ddo', ty? le^. buo^n ba'n vo+'i Mi~ cha^u se~ gia ta(ng
dda'ng ke^?, tu+` 2% hie^.n nay le^n 20% va`o na(m 2000, 25% va`o na(m
2020. 

Thi. tru+o+`ng A^u Cha^u hie^.n chie^'m 15% trong to^?ng gia' tri. xua^'t
nha^.p ca?ng cu?a Vie^.t Nam va` ty? le^. na`y co' the^? ta(ng le^n va`o
na(m 2000, nhu+ng sau ddo' se~ gia?m xuo^'ng co`n 23% va`o na(m 2010 va`
20% va`o na(m 2020. 

Nhu+~ng du+. ddi.nh no'i tre^n co`n phu. thuo^.c va`o nhie^`u ye^'u to^',
tru+o+'c he^'t la` chuye^?n di.ch co+ ca^'u ha`ng xua^'t ca?ng chi'nh
ye^'u la` xua^'t ca?ng nguye^n lie^.u tho^ va` so+ che^' tu+` 70%, hie^.n
nay xuo^'ng 30% va`o na(m 2000 va` tie^'n to+'i chi? co`n 10% va`o na(m
2020. Nho'm ha`ng na`y go^`m co' da^`u mo?, than dda', thie^'c, ca` phe^
ha.t, cao su, che`, ha.t ddie^`u, rau qua? tu+o+i, thu?y sa?n... du+.
ddi.nh dda.t 6 ti? mi~ kim xua^'t ca?ng na(m 2000 va` ta(ng le^n 20 ti?
mi~ kim va`o na(m 2020. Ngu+o+.c la.i, nho'm ha`ng nhu+ de^.t may, gia`y
de'p, ddie^.n tu+?, ho'a cha^'t, va^.t lie^.u xa^y ca^'t, du+o+.c
pha^?m... du+. ddi.nh se~ dda.t gia' tri. xua^'t ca?ng 10.5 ty? mi~ kim
va`o na(m 2000 va` 140 ti? mi~ kim va`o na(m 2020. 


Nhu+~ng ba^'t ngo+` trong ky` thi Tu' Ta`i na(m 97
------------------------------------------

SA`I GO`N -- Trong ba?n to^?ng ke^'t ve^` ky` thi to^'t nghie^.p PTTH,
Ddoa`n Thanh tra ti?nh Vi~nh Long, do Bo^. GD-DdT pha^n co^ng, dda~ dda'nh
gia' vie^.c to^? chu+'c cu?a So+? GD-DdT ti?nh Thu+`a Thie^n-Hue^' la`
nghie^m tu'c. Trong ca'c Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi pho^? tho^ng va` chuye^n ban
chi? xa?y ra tru+o+`ng ho+.p pha?i la^.p bie^n ba?n 1 gia'm thi. o+? Ho^.i
ddo^`ng thi Quo^'c Ho.c vi` hai la^`n lie^n tie^'p dde^? la.c ma^'t 1
dde^` thi? Tuy nhie^n, ba?n to^?ng ke^'t na`y cu~ng co' lu+u y' ve^`
hie^.n tu+o+.ng ne'm dde^` thi xa?y ra o+? ca'c Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi da`nh
cho he^. bo^? tu'c. 

Vie^.c dda?m ba?o qui ta('c thi cu+? o+? ha^`u he^'t ca'c Ho^.i ddo^`ng
thi, chua^?n bi., ddu'ng nhu+ dda'nh gia' to^?ng ke^'t cu?a Ddoa`n Thanh
tra Vi~nh Long. Tuy nhie^n, ti`nh tra.ng ne'm dde^` thi, nhu+ o+? Ho^.i
ddo^`ng thi Tra^`n Cao Va^n, kho^ng the^? xem la` mo^.t hie^.n tu+o+.ng
bi`nh thu+o+`ng. Nhu+ dda~ ne^u, su+. ho^~n loa.n quanh ca'c pho`ng thi
du` dda~ du+. ddoa'n tru+o+'c, va^~n cu+' xa?y ra va` kho^ng co' bie^.n
pha'p nga(n cha(.n. 


Ky` thi to^'t nghie^.p PTCS: tu+` chuye^.n cu+o+'p dde^` dde^'n vie^.c xo^
sa^.p co^?ng ra`o

Ne^'u o+? ky` thi to^'t nghie^.p PTTH chi? xa?y ra chuye^.n ne'm dde^` thi
o+? ca'c Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi he^. bo^? tu'c thi` o+? ky` thi to^'t nghie^.p
PTCS, trong hai nga`y 28, 29 tha'ng Na(m 97, ti`nh tra.ng co`n to^`i te^.
ho+n nhie^`u. 

O+? nhie^`u Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi, nha^'t la` ca'c huye^.n, dda~ xa?y ra ha`ng
loa.t su+. vie^.c nghie^m tro.ng. O+? huye^.n Phu' Vang, ngoa`i chuye^.n
mo^.t vi. chu? ti.ch xa~ vi` qua' say su+a vo+'i ba`i die^~n va(n khai
ma.c dda~ la`m ca'c thi' sinh tre^~ ma^'t ga^`n nu+?a gio+` thi, ti`nh
tra.ng ne'm dde^` va` vu+o+.t ra`o o+? Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi Thua^.n An co`n
ho^~n loa.n ho+n ca? Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi Tra^`n Cao Va^n. 

Trong khi ddo', o+? tru+o+`ng PT ca^'p 2, 3 Phan Dda(ng Lu+u, mo^.t thanh
nie^n ne'm dde^` thi dda~ ro+'t tu+` tre^n la^`u ca(n nha` sau tru+o+`ng
bi. cha^'n thu+o+ng so. na~o pha?i ddu+a ddi be^.nh vie^.n ca^'p cu+'u.
Ta.i tha`nh pho^' Hue^', o+? Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi Gia Ho^.i, mo^.t thi' sinh
mang ca? ddie^.n thoa.i ca^`m tay va`o lo+'p, co`n o+? be^n ngoa`i tha^n
nha^n ca'c si~ tu+? chi~a loa pho'ng thanh va`o pho`ng thi ddo.c lo+`i
gia?i rang ra?ng. 

Rie^ng o+? tru+o+`ng PT ca^'p 2, 3 huye^.n Hu+o+ng Thu?y, tre^n hai tra(m
tha^n nha^n cu?a ca'c "si~ tu+?" dda~ xo^ sa^.p ca? co^?ng va` tu+o+`ng
ra`o cu?a tru+o+`ng tra`n va`o pho`ng thi va` 1 gia'm thi. dda~ bi.
cu+o+'p dde^` thi ngay khi vu+`a mo+'i nha^.n. Dde^` thi na`y sau ddo'
lie^`n ddu+o+.c photo va` chuye^?n dde^'n Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi Phu' Ba`i ba'n
mo^~i tu+` tu+` 10 nga`n dde^'n 20 nga`n ddo^`ng! 

Dde^` thi` cu~ng ddang la` mo^.t "va^'n na.n" ddo^'i vo+'i so+? GD-DdT
ddi.a phu+o+ng. Dde^? ba?o dda?m nguye^n ta('c ba?o ma^.t, do mo^.t
chuye^n vie^n ra dde^` Ly' cu?a So+? co' con thi to^'t nghie^.p, So+? dda~
nho+` mo^.t gia'o vie^n cu?a mo^.t tru+o+`ng "chuye^n" ra dde^`. Vi` quen
vo+'i ca'c ho.c tro` lo+'p "chuye^n," dde^` thi cu?a gia'o vie^n na`y
ra^'t kho' ddo^'i vo+'i ca'c ho.c sinh trung bi`nh he^. pho^? tho^ng. Do
va^.y, ca'c gia'o vie^n cha^'m thi cho bie^'t, co' i't nha^'t la` 50% thi'
sinh bi. "ga~y" mo^n Ly' va` So+? ddang ti`m gia?i pha'p "chu+~a cha'y". 


Nguye^n nha^n va` tra'ch nhie^.m

Nhu+~ng su+. vie^.c xa?y ra trong ky` thi to^'t nghie^.p PTCS co' mo^.t
nguye^n nha^n kha'ch quan: Cho dde^'n nga`y thi chu+a co' mo^.t quye^'t
ddi.nh chi'nh thu+'c na`o cu?a chi'nh quye^`n va` nga`nh gia'o du.c ve^`
vie^.c bo? thi vu+o+.t ca^'p lo+'p 10, ngoa`i tho^ng ba'o rie^ng cu?a
Tru+o+`ng Quo^'c Ho.c, nhu+ng chu? tru+o+ng na`y dda~ ga^y a'p lu+.c
na(.ng ne^` trong tha^n nha^n ca'c "si~ tu+?". Ta^m ly' "mo^.t ma^'t mo^.t
co`n" na`y co' ca? trong mo^.t so^' ngu+o+`i co' tra'ch nhie^.m o+? ca'c
ddi.a phu+o+ng, dda~ da^~n dde^'n su+. buo^ng lo?ng, tha^.m chi' quay
lu+ng vo+'i vie^.c ba?o ve^. ca'c Ho^.i ddo^`ng thi. Nhu+ng du` the^' na`o
cha(ng nu+~a, thi` dda^y la` mo^.t mu`a thi kho^ng bi`nh thu+o+`ng o+?
Thu+`a Thie^n-Hue^'. 


Du+ lua^.n tu+` hai phi'a ve^` vie^.c ta(ng ho.c phi'
----------------------------------------

SA`I GO`N -- Sau chuye^.n "ba'n co^ng ho'a" tru+o+`ng lo+'p ba^.c Trung
ho.c o+? Sa`i Go`n, co' le~ dde^` ta`i tho+`i su+. nha^'t hie^.n nay la`
vie^.c ho.p dda^`u tha'ng 7-97 na`y pha?i xem xe't dde^` nghi. cu?a So+?
Gia'o du.c-Dda`o ta.o ve^` vie^.c na^ng ho.c phi' ca'c tru+o+`ng co^ng
la^.p (CL) va` ba'n co^ng (BC). 

Mu+'c ho.c phi' ddu+o+.c So+? GD-DdT dde^` nghi. thu theo gia' bie^?u
mo+'i nhu+ sau cho mo^~i tha'ng: 

- Co^ng la^.p: lo+'p 6: 6,000 dd, lo+'p 7: 9,000 dd, lo+'p 8: 12,000 dd,
lo+'p 9: 15,000 dd, lo+'p 10: 21,000 dd, lo+'p 11: 24,000 dd va` lo+'p 12:
27,000 dd. 

- Ba'n co^ng: TH co+ so+?: tu+` 40,000 - 70,000 dd

TH pho^? tho^ng tu+`: 60,000 - 100,000 dd. 

Tru+o+'c dda^y, mu+'c ho.c phi' ddu+o+.c thu nhu+ sau: 

- Ddo^'i vo+'i no^.i tha`nh: lo+'p 6: 3,000 dd, lo+'p 7: 4,000 dd, lo+'p
8: 5,000 dd, lo+'p 9: 6,000 dd, lo+'p 10: 7,000 dd, lo+'p 11: 8,000 dd va`
lo+'p 12: 9,000 dd. 

- Ddo^'i vo+'i ngoa.i tha`nh: mu+'c thu tha^'p ho+n 1,000 dd cho mo^~i
ca^'p lo+'p so vo+'i no^.i tha`nh. Theo ti'nh toa'n cu?a Bo^. GD-DdT, chi
phi' dda^`u tu+ dda^`y ddu? cho mo^.t ho.c sinh THCS la` 600,000 dd/na(m
(67,000 dd/tha'ng), mo^.t ho.c sinh THPT la` 800,000 dd/na(m (89,000
dd/tha'ng). 

Du` va^.y, nga^n sa'ch to^'i dda cu~ng mo+'i chi ddu+o+.c dde^'n mu+'c
370,000 dd/na(m/HS THCS va` 404,000 dd/na(m/HS THPT. 

Ro~ ra`ng, co' khoa?ng 50% mu+'c ho.c phi' kho^ng ddu+o+.c chi tu+` nga^n
sa'ch nha` nu+o+'c, kho^ng ddu+o+.c thu co^ng khai tu+` phi'a phu. huynh
ho.c sinh ma` pha?i ddi qua con ddu+o+`ng ho.c the^m tu+` trong tru+o+`ng
dde^'n ca'c trung ta^m, o+? nha` gia'o vie^n, thu qua ke^u go.i ddo'ng
go'p cu?a Ho^.i Phu. huynh ho.c sinh, so^? va`ng v.v... va` v.v... va`
trong nhie^`u tru+o+`ng ho+.p ngu+o+`i da^n dda~ pha?i chi tie^`n ma`
kho^ng kie^?m soa't ddu+o+.c ly' do chi? vi` no' qua'... be^` bo^.n. 

Nhie^`u y' kie^'n cho ra(`ng vie^.c ta(ng ho.c phi' co' the^? la`m gia?m
bo+'t co+ ho^.i ddu+o+.c ho.c cu?a con nha` nghe`o. Rie^ng ta.i Sa`i Go`n
co' dde^'n 200,000 ngu+o+`i da^n thuo^.c die^.n xo'a ddo'i gia?m nghe`o
va` dda so^' la` co^ng nha^n vie^n ha`nh chi'nh, su+. nghie^.p. Do va^.y,
vie^.c ta(ng ho.c phi', ne^'u co', se~ ta.o ne^n su+. thay ddo^?i ke^'
hoa.ch chi tie^u trong gia ddi`nh co' thu nha^.p tha^'p - Va` pha?i cha(ng
xu hu+o+'ng gu+?i con va`o ca'c tru+o+`ng da^n la^.p, ba'n co^ng cu?a phu.
huynh hie^.n nay cu~ng co' su+. go'p pha^`n cu?a nguye^n nha^n ho.c phi'?
Cu~ng co' du+ lua^.n cho ra(`ng, tie^`n ho.c phi' la` nha(`m ta(ng
cu+o+`ng tra'ch nhie^.m cu?a phu. huynh ddo^'i vo+'i su+. nghie^.p gia'o
du.c cu?a con em mi`nh. 

Du+o+'i dda^y la` ba?ng thu tie^`n ha(`ng na(m cu?a mo^.t ho.c sinh
tru+o+`ng Trung ho.c Co^ng la^.p: 

1/ Ba?o hie^?m y te^': 20,000 dd

2/ Ba?o hie^?m tai na.n: 6,000 dd

3/ So^? lie^n la.c: 4,000 dd

4/ Phu` hie^.u: 1,500 dd

5/ Ve^. sinh lo+'p: 18,000 dd

6/ Tie^`n phu. huynh HS: 20,000 dd

7/ Co+ so+? va^.t cha^'t: 80,000 dd

8/ Ho.c phi': 30,000 dd

9/ Qui~ lo+'p: 2,500 dd

10/ Ddo^`ng phu.c the^? thao: 32,000 dd

11/ Tie^`n thu+o+?ng: 8,000 dd

TO^?NG CO^.NG: 228,000 dd