[SCI] Question about a math "theorem"

[Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>]

Hi,

Nga`y tru+o+'c to^i nho+' mo^.t la^`n, lu'c to^i co`n ho.c ca^'p 2, dde^'n
nha` tha^`y gia'o cho+i ddu+o+.c ddo.c ba'o Toa'n ho.c tuo^?i tre? tu+`
nhu+~ng na(m 70 trong ddo' co' no'i dde^'n mo^.t "ddi.nh ly'" ma` theo
ba'o ddo' chu+a ai chu+'ng minh ddu+o+.c.  No' ra^'t ddo+n gia?n, to^i
muo^'n ho?i ca'c ba'c la`m toa'n tra ho^. xem no' te^n la` ddi.nh ly' gi`,
co' ddu'ng la` tho+`i nhu+~ng na(m 70 chu+a chu+'ng minh ddu+o+.c kho^ng,
va` nay dda~ ai chu+'ng minh hay ba'c bo? ddu+o+.c chu+a\. 

La^'y chuo^~i ca'c so^' nguye^n to^':

2   3   5   7   11  13  17  19  23  29  31  37  41  43  47  53  59  61

(co' the^? tie^'p tu.c nhu+ng ha.n che^' o+? dda^y)

Tu+` chuo^~i ddo' ta la`m 1 chuo^~i thu+' 2, la` hie^.u ca'c so^' la^n 
ca^.n trong chuo^~i thu+' nha^'t:

2   3   5   7   11  13  17  19  23  29  31  37  41  43  47  53  59  61
  1   2   2   4   2   4   2   4   6   2   6   4   2   4   6   6   2

Sau ddo' la`m chuo^~i thu+' 3, la` gia' tri. tuye^.t ddo^'i cu?a hie^.u 
ca'c so^' la^n ca^.n trong chuo^~i thu+' 2:

2   3   5   7   11  13  17  19  23  29  31  37  41  43  47  53  59  61
  1   2   2   4   2   4   2   4   6   2   6   4   2   4   6   6   2
    1   0   2   2   2   2   2   2   4   4   2   2   2   2   0   4

Chuo^~i thu+' 4 la`m tu+o+ng tu+.: la` gia' tri. tuye^.t ddo^'i cu?a hie^.u
ca'c so^' la^n ca^.n trong chuo^~i thu+' 3, tie^'p theo chuo^~i thu+' 5 
la` gia' tri. tuye^.t ddo^'i cu?a hie^.u ca'c so^' la^n ca^.n trong 
chuo^~i thu+' 4...

Ddi.nh ly': ta^'t ca? ca'c so^' dda^`u tie^n trong ca'c chuo^~i tu+` 
thu+' 2 tro+? ddi ba(`ng 1.

2   3   5   7   11  13  17  19  23  29  31  37  41  43  47  53  59  61
  1   2   2   4   2   4   2   4   6   2   6   4   2   4   6   6   2
    1   0   2   2   2   2   2   2   4   4   2   2   2   2   0   4
      1   2   0   0   0   0   0   2   0   2   0   0   0   2   4
        1   2   0   0   0   0   2   2   2   2   0   0   0   2
          1   2   0   0   0   2   0   0   0   2   0   0   0
            1   2   0   0   2   2   0   0   2   2   0   0
              .......           
 
Sau na`y to^i kho^ng ddo.c ddu+o+.c o+? dda^u no' ve^` "ddi.nh ly'" na`y 
nu+~a\.  Va^.y muo^'n ho?i ca'c ba'c la`m toa'n xem status cu?a ddi.nh 
ly' na`y ra sao\.

Ca'm o+n ca'c ba'c nhie^`u tru+o+'c.

So+n.