Re: Mua ddie^.n qua Internet

["Thai Doan Hoang Cau" <c.thai@ee.unsw.edu.au>]

Hi Ba'c La^m,
> Subject: Mua ddie^.n qua Internet
> Nho+` ca´c ba´c gia?i thi´ch cho tui la`m sao co´ the^? mua ddie^.n qua
> internet. Thanx.

Ca'i na`y kho^ng thuo^.c chuye^n mo^n cu?a tui la('m nhu+ng cu~ng ra'ng
"ddoa'n mo`" xem sao !
Co the^? co' 2 tru+o+`ng ho+.p sau:
1. Kha'ch ha`ng nho? (ho^. da^n) mua ddie^.n qua internet:
Ca'ch dda^y nhie^`u na(m, dde^? gia?n tie^.n vie^.c thanh toa'n tie^`n
ddie^.n va` muo^'n thu tie^`n ngu+o+`i su+? du.ng tru+o+'c, nga`nh ddie^.n
co' he^. tho^'ng prepayment system. Nguoi mua dien mua truoc mot the (nhu
the dien thoai) sau do cam vao dong ho dien cua minh va` xai den dau thi`
het den do. He thong nay rat tien voi nhung ho su dung dien o xa trung tam
(noi ma nganh dien khong co nguoi den thu tien duoc) nhu nong thon chang
han. Sau nay dich vu internet phat trien manh, nguoi ta khoi phai ra tiem
mua card nua ma ngoi ngay tai nha, mua dien qua internet (bang credit card),
nguoi ban se gui cho nguoi mua mot cai code (account no.). Chi? viec encode
vao cai dong ho dien la xai duoc.

2. Kha'ch ha`nh lo+'n (ho^. co^ng nghie^.p hay nha` ma'y ddie^.n) mua ba'n
ddie^.n qua internet.
Cai nay thi` thu+.c su+. hay ddo'. Hien nay nganh dien tren the gioi dang
duoc cai to (restructured), chuyen dan tu quan ly tap trung nha nuoc thanh
tu nhan (decentralised). Nhu vay hinh thanh cai goi la competitive
electricity market. Cac thanh vien (participants) cua thi truong nay go^`m:
nguoi ba'n ddien (nha` ma'y ddie^.n) , nguoi cung cap dich vu dien (cac cong
ty truyen tai, luoi dien), ke mua dien (nguoi tieu thu ddien(lon, nho), cac
cong ty phan phoi le (retailers)). Gia dien do vay se duoc quyet dinh theo
thi truong tho^ng qua co+ che^' dda^'u gia' (Auction) va/hoac bilateral
contract. Ca'c tha`nh vie^n no^.p ba?ng gia' cha`o (offers) + gia' mua (bid)
le^n cho nguoi market operator. Can cu+' va`o ddo,  Market operator se quyet
ddinh (price, quantity) hop ly cho tung thanh vien theo cac khoang thoi gian
ma` van dam bao cac rang buoc ky thuat cua he thong dien. O+? U'c, cu+'
nu+?a gio+` thi` co' mo^.t gia' ddie^.n. Toi khong sure la('m nguoi ta co'
giao di.ch kieu nay qua internet hay khong, nhu+ng co' le~ o+? mot vai noi
khac tren the gioi nhu US thi` co'.

Ddi sau vao (2) la` chuyen da`i nhieu tap vi` nhu cac Ba'c biet he thong
nang luong dien chiem ti trong rat lon trong nen kinh te va` mang dda(.c
tinh ky~ thuat cao. Ddie^.n la` thu+' ha`ng hoa' dda(.c bie^.t (co' the^?
chuye^?n tha`nh nhie^`u da.ng na(ng luong khac), no' dduoc van ta?i duoi
dang dac biet (luoi ddien) va` pha?i dduoc tieu thu tuc thoi (sa?n xua^'t ra
tieu thu ngay, less cost-effective for storage).  O+? nuoc ngoai, dday ddang
tro thanh mot nghe rat hap dan cho cac Ba'c ky~ su+ dien, vu+`a pha?i am
hieu ve ky~ thuat ddien vu+`a phai co chien luoc (bid, offer) the nao dday
dde^? "a(n nhanh".

Hy vong thoa man cau hoi cua Ba'c La^m,

+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
  Thai Doan Hoang Cau
  Electrical energy systems laboratory, UNSW
  Home addr.: 16/22 Kennedy st, Kingsford,
                       NSW 2032, Sydney, Australia
  Tel: 9399 6653 (home), 9385 4061 (work)
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+