Implementing SAP R/3: The Guide for Business and Technology Managers provides a framework and a complete plan that enables business and technical managers to take the optimal decisions that are necessary for the successful implementation of SAP in their organizations. It presents the details needed to plan and present confidently a case for choosing SAP, without ever asking the software vendor or involving the vendor's personnel.
| Introduction | 1 | |
| Part 1 | Setting the Stage | 5 |
| 1 | The Millennium Enterprise | 7 |
| SAP the Company and its Product R/3 | 8 | |
| The Concept of Enterprise Resources Planning Systems | 9 | |
| Management by Collaboration (MBC) | 20 | |
| Why Use ERP? | 27 | |
| Knowledge as the New Capital | 28 | |
| Information as the New Resource | 29 | |
| ERPs as Keepers of Organizational Knowledge Assets | 30 | |
| The Collaborative Enterprise, or Competing by Organizational Design | 31 | |
| Summary | 32 | |
| 2 | ERP Evaluation | 33 |
| The Anatomy of an ERP System | 34 | |
| ERP Acquisition Decision Process | 39 | |
| Significant Issues to be Considered While Evaluating ERP | 63 | |
| Summary | 70 | |
| 3 | ERP Selection | 71 |
| SAP for the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) | 72 | |
| The ERP Selection Process | 72 | |
| The Selection Team | 74 | |
| ERP Core Selection Methodology | 75 | |
| ERP Selection Report | 76 | |
| Summary | 81 | |
| 4 | The SAP Solution | 83 |
| SAP the Company | 84 | |
| History of SAP | 85 | |
| The Significance of SAP R/3 | 88 | |
| Other Significant Aspects of SAP R/3 | 100 | |
| Recent SAP Strategic Initiatives | 101 | |
| Summary | 103 | |
| 5 | The SAP Implementation Project Cycle | 105 |
| Mission and Objectives of the SAP Project | 106 | |
| Project Initiation and Planning | 107 | |
| Critical Success Factors | 108 | |
| Implementation Strategy | 112 | |
| SAP Implementation Project Bill of Resources (BOR) | 114 | |
| Implementation Environment | 116 | |
| SAP Implementation Methodologies | 121 | |
| Project Management | 124 | |
| SAP Implementation | 126 | |
| SAP Support | 128 | |
| SAP Deployment | 128 | |
| Why SAP Projects Might Sometimes Be Less than Successful | 129 | |
| Summary | 130 | |
| 6 | SAP and Enterprise Reengineering | 131 |
| The Background of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) | 132 | |
| BPR and AcceleratedSAP (ASAP) | 135 | |
| An Enterprise BPR Methodology | 135 | |
| Changeability of SAP-driven Organizations | 144 | |
| SAP and Change Management | 145 | |
| Summary | 146 | |
| Part II | SAP R/3 | 147 |
| 7 | Basis for SAP Administration | 149 |
| Operating System Interface | 150 | |
| The Dispatcher and Work Processes | 151 | |
| Computer Center Management System (CCMS) | 155 | |
| Workbench Organizer and Transport System | 158 | |
| Other Administration Utilities | 160 | |
| Database Interface | 162 | |
| Communication Interface | 162 | |
| Presentation Interface | 163 | |
| Summary | 164 | |
| 8 | ABAP for Custom Development | 165 |
| ABAP Genesis | 166 | |
| Object Orientation | 167 | |
| ABAP/4 Development Workbench | 170 | |
| Programming in ABAP/4 | 182 | |
| Reporting | 184 | |
| Dialog Programming | 185 | |
| ABAP/4 Query | 187 | |
| SAPScripts | 187 | |
| Batch Data Communication and Interfaces | 187 | |
| Future of ABAP/4 as a General-Purpose Programming Language | 188 | |
| 9 | SAP R/3 Application Modules | 189 |
| Finance and Controlling (FI-CO) | 190 | |
| Sales and Distribution (SD) | 194 | |
| Materials Management (MM) | 198 | |
| Production Planning (PP) | 202 | |
| Quality Management (QM) | 208 | |
| Plant Maintenance (PM) | 211 | |
| Human Resources (HR) | 213 | |
| Industry-Specific (IS) Solutions | 216 | |
| SAP Solution Maps | 218 | |
| Summary | 224 | |
| Part III | The Pre-Implementation Stage | 225 |
| 10 | Initiating the SAP Project | 227 |
| SAP Executive Sponsor | 228 | |
| SAP Project Executive Committee | 228 | |
| SAP Project Steering Committee | 229 | |
| Roles of the Executive and Steering Committee Members | 229 | |
| Mission and Objectives of the SAP Project | 229 | |
| Deciting the Scope of the SAP Project | 230 | |
| Starting the SAP Project | 230 | |
| SAP Project Management Structure | 230 | |
| Project Management Policies and Guidelines | 233 | |
| Risk Management in a SAP Project | 235 | |
| Change Management in a SAP Project | 239 | |
| Roles of the SAP Project Team Members | 240 | |
| Summary | 242 | |
| 11 | Installing and Administering SAP | 243 |
| Preparing the SAP Infrastructure Plan | 244 | |
| SAP Installation | 246 | |
| SAP System Landscape Planning and Management | 247 | |
| Client Administration | 248 | |
| SAP System Administration | 248 | |
| Job Administration | 249 | |
| User Administration | 251 | |
| Print Administration | 257 | |
| Database Administration | 259 | |
| Summary | 261 | |
| Part IV | The Implementation Stage | 263 |
| 12 | AcceleratedSAP (ASAP) | 265 |
| Why Are SAP Implementations So Complex? | 266 | |
| Configuration through the Implementation Guide (IMG) | 267 | |
| Computer-Aided Software Implementation (CASI) | 268 | |
| What Is ASAP? | 270 | |
| Advantages of ASAP | 274 | |
| ASAP, BPR, and Change Management | 274 | |
| ASAP for Application Consultants | 275 | |
| Preconfigured Industry Systems | 275 | |
| Implementation Guide (IMG) | 277 | |
| Summary | 285 | |
| 13 | Project Preparation | 287 |
| Project Planning | 288 | |
| Project Standards and Procedures | 293 | |
| Project Kick-Off | 300 | |
| Infrastructure Requirements Planning | 300 | |
| Quality Check Project Preparation Phase | 301 | |
| Signoff Project Preparation Phase | 301 | |
| 14 | Business Blueprint | 303 |
| Project Management of the Business Blueprint Phase | 305 | |
| Organizational Change Management | 306 | |
| Project Team Training | 311 | |
| Establish Development System Environment | 311 | |
| Define the Business Organization Structure | 314 | |
| Business Process Definition | 316 | |
| Quality Check Business Blueprint Phase | 326 | |
| Signing off the Business Blueprint Phase | 327 | |
| 15 | Realization | 329 |
| Project Management Realization Phase | 330 | |
| Sustaining the Organization Change Management Process | 333 | |
| Conduct Project Team Training | 335 | |
| System Management | 335 | |
| Baseline Configuration and Confirmation | 339 | |
| Perform the Final Configuration and Confirmation | 344 | |
| Perform ABAP/4 Development | 345 | |
| Establish the Authorization Concept | 350 | |
| Establish the Archiving Management | 352 | |
| Conduct the Final Integration Test | 352 | |
| Prepare End-User Documentation and Training Material | 354 | |
| Quality Check Realization Phase | 355 | |
| Sign Off the Business Blueprint Phase | 356 | |
| 16 | Final Preparation | 357 |
| Project Management of the Final Preparation Phase | 358 | |
| Continuing the Organization Change Management Process | 360 | |
| End-User Training | 360 | |
| System Management | 361 | |
| Refine the Cutover and Production Support Plan | 364 | |
| Cutover to the Production System | 366 | |
| Quality Check of the Final Preparation Phase | 367 | |
| Signoff the Final Preparation Phase | 368 | |
| 17 | Go Live and Support | 369 |
| Production Support | 370 | |
| Project End | 371 | |
| Project Sign-Off | 372 | |
| Success Patterns for SAP Implementation Projects | 372 | |
| Part V | The Post-Implementation Stage | 375 |
| 18 | Supporting SAP | 377 |
| SAP Deployment | 378 | |
| Continuous Change | 379 | |
| SAP R/3 Upgrades | 380 | |
| Customer Competency Centers (CCCs) Program | 381 | |
| Help Desk | 381 | |
| Retaining and Retraining SAP Consultants | 382 | |
| Summary | 384 | |
| 19 | Enhancements and Interfaces to SAP | 385 |
| SAP Business Workflow | 387 | |
| SAP Business Information Warchouse | 390 | |
| SAP Business Framework | 397 | |
| Application Link Enabling (ALE) | 400 | |
| Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) | 405 | |
| SAP R/3 System on the Internet | 407 | |
| Summary | 415 | |
| Part VI | SAP Implementation and Beyond | 417 |
| 20 | Valuing the Millennium Enterprise | 419 |
| Enterprise Stakeholders | 420 | |
| Aspects of Enterprise Value | 421 | |
| Enhancement of Measures of Performances by SAP | 427 | |
| SAP Strategic Enterprise Management (SEM) | 436 | |
| SAP AG's ValueSAP Program | 441 | |
| Summary | 442 | |
| 21 | Beyond the Enterprise | 443 |
| The Extended Collaborative Enterprise (ECE) | 444 | |
| Supply-chain Management (SCM) | 446 | |
| SAP Supply-chain Optimization, Planning, and Execution (SCOPE) | 452 | |
| Customer Relationship Management (CRM) | 458 | |
| Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) | 461 | |
| Web User Interfaces (WUI) | 462 | |
| SAP's mySAP.com Internet Environment | 463 | |
| The Customer-triggered Company | 469 | |
| The Internet and the Millennium Enterprises | 470 | |
| Part VII | Appendixes | 475 |
| A | Selecting SAP Implementation Partners | 477 |
| B | SAP Consulting Partners in the U.S. | 479 |
| National Logo Partners | 480 | |
| Implementation Partners | 480 | |
| Hardware Partners | 484 | |
| Technology Partners | 484 | |
| C | SAP Third-Party Solutions | 485 |
| Index | 491 |
Overview
Implementing SAP R/3: The Guide for Business and Technology Managers provides a framework and a complete plan that enables business and technical managers to take the optimal decisions that are necessary for the successful implementation of SAP in their organizations. It presents the details needed to plan and present confidently a case for choosing SAP, without ever asking the software vendor or involving the vendor's personnel.