Informix Guide to Designing Databases and Data Warehouses

Overview

The authoritative database design guide for Informix Dynamic Server.2000 and Informix Enterprise Decision Server!
Detailed data models illustrating each key approach to database design
Proven, step-by-step techniques for building your Informix-based data warehouse
Using SQL to implement and manage enterprise databases

The Informix insider's guide to database and data warehouse design!

Written by a team of insiders, this is the most complete, authoritative guide to database and data warehouse design, implementation, and administration with Informix Dynamic Server.2000 and Informix Enterprise Decision Server. You'll start by walking through the construction of data models that illustrate each key approach to database design. Compare ANSI and non-ANSI compliant databases, learn the fundamentals of entity-relationship modeling, and choose appropriate data types. Next, you'll learn how to use the Informix implementation of SQL to implement and manage your databases.

The Informix Guide to Designing Databases and Data Warehouses covers all this, and more:

Implementing relational data models with the CREATE DATABASE and CREATE TABLE statements, synonyms, synonym chains, and command scripts
Applying fragmentation strategies for maximizing database and data warehouse performance
Implementing dimensional data models-including solutions to common problems
Applying indexing techniques for data warehousing environments
Granting and limiting access to data through privileges, views, and stored procedures

Whether you're a manager, developer, or DBA, the InformixGuide to Designing Databases and Data Warehouses is your authoritative single source for guidance on high-performance database design with Informix Dynamic Server.2000 and Informix Enterprise Decision Server.
0-13-016167-5

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Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780130161673
Publisher: Pearson Education
Publication date: 11/19/1999
Series: Informix Press Series
Edition number: 1
Pages: 350
Product dimensions: 6.91 (w) x 9.10 (h) x 0.93 (d)

Related Subjects

Read an Excerpt

PREFACE:

INTRODUCTION

In This Introduction

Read this introduction for an overview of the information provided in this book and for an understanding of the documentation conventions used.

About This Book

This book provides information to help you design, implement, and manage your Informix databases. It includes data models that illustrate different approaches to database design and shows you how to use structured query language (SQL) to implement and manage your databases.

This book is one of several manuals that discuss the Informix implementation of SQL. The Informix Guide to SQL: Tutorial, Second Edition shows how to use basic and advanced SQL and SPL routines to access and manipulate the data in your databases. The Informix Guide to SQL: Reference and Syntax, Second Edition provides reference information for aspects of SQL other than the language statements and contains all the syntax descriptions for SQL and Stored Procedure Language (SPL).

Types of Users

This book is for the following users:

Database administrators
Database server administrators
Database-application programmers

This book assumes that you have the following background:

A working knowledge of your computer, your operating system, and the utilities that your operating system provides
Some experience working with relational databases or exposure to database concepts
Some experience with computer programming

If you have limited experience with relational databases, SQL, or your operating system, refer to the Getting Started manualfor your database server for a list of supplementary titles.

Software Dependencies

This book assumes that you are using one of the following database servers:

Informix Enterprise Decision Server, Version 8.3
Informix Dynamic Server 2000, Version 9.2

Assumptions About Your Locale

Informix products can support many languages, cultures, and code sets. All culture-specific information is brought together in a single environment, called a Global Language Support (GLS) locale.

This book assumes that you use the U.S. 8859-1 English locale as the default locale. The default is en_us.8859-1 (ISO 8859-1) on UNIX platforms or en_us.1252 (Microsoft 1252) for Windows NT environments. This locale supports U.S. English format conventions for dates, times, and currency, and also supports the ISO 8859-1 or Microsoft 1252 code set, which includes the ASCII code set plus many 8-bit characters such as é, è, and ñ.

If you plan to use nondefault characters in your data or your SQL identifiers, or if you want to conform to the nondefault collation rules of character data, you need to specify the appropriate nondefault locale.

Demonstration Databases

The DB-Access utility, which is provided with your Informix database server products, includes one or more of the following demonstration databases:

The stores_demo database illustrates a relational schema with information about a fictitious wholesale sporting-goods distributor. Many examples in Informix manuals are based on the stores_demo database.
The sales_demo database illustrates a dimensional schema for data-warehousing applications. For conceptual information about dimensional data modeling, see Chapter 10, "Building a Dimensional Data Model."
The superstores_demo database illustrates an object-relational schema. The superstores_demo database includes examples of extended data types, type and table inheritance, and user-defined routines.

For information about how to create and populate the demonstration databases, see the DB-Access User's Manual. For descriptions of the databases and their contents, see the Informix Guide to SQL: Reference.

The scripts that you use to install the demonstration databases reside in the $INFORMIXDIR/bin directory on UNIX platforms and in the %INFORMIXDIR%\bin directory in Windows environments.

New Features

For a comprehensive list of new database server features, see the release notes. This section lists new features relevant to this manual.

New Features in Version 8.3

This book describes the following new SQL functionality in Version 8.3 of Enterprise Decision Server:

RANGE fragmentation
Globally detached indexes

New Features in Version 9.2

This book describes new features in Version 9.2 of Dynamic Server. The features fall into the following areas:

Extensibility enhancements
Version 9.2 features from Version 7.30 of Dynamic Server

Extensibility Enhancements

This book describes the following extensibility enhancements to Version 9.2 of Dynamic Server:

General enhancements to SQL: nested dot expressions for row types
Enhancements to smart large objects:
- Round-robin fragmentation for smart large objects
- ALTER TABLE for smart large objects
- Data type conversion: BYTE to BLOB and TEXT to CLOB
Enhancements to collections: Collection constructors that use arbitrary expression elements
Enhancements to row types:
- Serial types in row types
- GRANT/REVOKE UNDER on row types

Version 9.2 Features from Dynamic Server 7.30

This book also describes features first released in Version 7.30 of Dynamic Server. These features fall into the following areas:

Reliability, availability, and serviceability:
- ALTER FRAGMENT ATTACH/DETACH enhancements
- In-place ALTER TABLE MODIFY/DROP (for built-in types)
Application migration: UNION operator in CREATE VIEW statement

Additional Documentation

For additional information, you might want to refer to the following types of documentation:

On-line manuals
Printed manuals
Error message documentation
Documentation notes, release notes, and machine notes
Related reading

On-Line Manuals

An Answers OnLine CD that contains Informix manuals in electronic format is provided with your Informix products. You can install the documentation or access it directly from the CD. For information about how to install, read, and print on-line manuals, see the installation insert that accompanies Answers OnLine.

Informix on-line manuals are also available on the following Web site:

www.informix.com/answers

Printed Manuals

To order printed manuals, call 1-800-331-1763 or send email to moreinfo@informix.com. Please provide the following information when you place your order:

The documentation that you need
The quantity that you need
Your name, address, and telephone number

On-Line Help

Informix provides on-line help with each graphical user interface (GUI) that displays information about those interfaces and the functions that they perform. Use the help facilities that each GUI provides to display the on-line help.

Error Message Documentation

Informix software products provide ASCII files that contain all of the Informix error messages and their corrective actions.

To read error messages and corrective actions on UNIX, use one of the following utilities.

Utility	Description
finderr	Displays error messages on line
rofferr	Formats error messages for printing

To read error messages and corrective actions in Windows, use the Informix Find Error utility. To display this utility, choose Start->Programs->Informix from the Task Bar.

Instructions for using the preceding utilities are available in Answers OnLine. Answers OnLine also provides a listing of error messages and corrective actions in HTML format.

Documentation Notes, Release Notes, Machine Notes

In addition to printed documentation, the following sections describe the on-line files that supplement the information in this book. Please examine these files before you begin using your database server. They contain vital information about application and performance issues.

On UNIX, the following on-line files appear in the $INFORMIXDIR/release/en_us/0333 directory. Replace x.y in the filenames with the version number of your database server.

On-Line File	Purpose
DDIDOC_x.y	The documentation notes file for your version of this manual describes topics that are not covered in the manual or that were modified since publication.
SERVERS_x.y	The release notes file describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differences might affect current products. This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds.
IDS_x.y or IDS_EDS_x.y	The machine notes file describes any special actions that you must take to configure and use Informix products on your computer. Machine notes are named for the product described.

The following items appear in the Informix folder. To display this folder, choose Start->Programs->Informix from the Task Bar.

Program Group Item	Description
Documentation Notes	This item includes additions or corrections to manuals and information about features that might not be covered in the manuals or that have been modified since publication.
Release Notes	This item describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differences might affect current products. This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds.

Machine notes do not apply to Windows environments. ?

Compliance with Industry Standards

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has established a set of industry standards for SQL. Informix SQL-based products are fully compliant with SQL-92 Entry Level (published as ANSI X3.135-1992), which is identical to ISO 9075:1992. In addition, many features of Informix database servers comply with the SQL-92 Intermediate and Full Level and X/Open SQL CAE (common applications environment) standards.

Informix Welcomes Your Comments

Let us know what you like or dislike about our books. To help us with future versions of our books, we want to know about any corrections or clarifications that you would find useful. Include the following information:

The name and version of the manual that you are using
Any comments that you have about the manual
Your name, address, and phone number

Send electronic mail to us at the following address:

doc@informix.com

The doc alias is reserved exclusively for reporting errors and omissions in our documentation.

We appreciate your suggestions.

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	Introduction
	In This Introduction	3
	About This Manual	3
	Types of Users	4
	Software Dependencies	4
	Assumptions About Your Locale	5
	Demonstration Databases	5
	New Features	6
	New Features in Version 8.3	6
	New Features in Version 9.2	6
	Documentation Conventions	8
	Typographical Conventions	8
	Icon Conventions	9
	Sample-Code Conventions	12
	Additional Documentation	13
	On-Line Manuals	13
	Printed Manuals	13
	On-Line Help	14
	Error Message Documentation	14
	Documentation Notes, Release Notes, Machine Notes	15
	Related Reading	16
	Compliance with Industry Standards	16
	Informix Welcomes Your Comments	16
Section I	Basics of Database Design and Implementation
Chapter 1	Planning a Database
	In This Chapter	3
	Choosing a Data Model for Your Database	3
	Using ANSI-Compliant Databases	5
	Designating a Database as ANSI Compliant	6
	Determining If an Existing Database Is ANSI Compliant	6
	Differences Between ANSI-Compliant and Non-ANSI-Compliant Databases	7
	Using a Customized Language Environment for Your Database	12
Chapter 2	Building a Relational Data Model
	In This Chapter	3
	Why Build a Data Model	3
	Overview of the Entity-Relationship Data Model	4
	Identifying and Defining Principal Data Objects	5
	Discovering Entities	5
	Defining the Relationships	9
	Identifying Attributes	17
	Diagramming Data Objects	20
	Reading E-R Diagrams	21
	Telephone-Directory Example	22
	Translating E-R Data Objects into Relational Constructs	23
	Defining Tables, Rows, and Columns	24
	Determining Keys for Tables	26
	Resolving Relationships	30
	Resolving m:n Relationships	30
	Resolving Other Special Relationships	31
	Normalizing a Data Model	32
	First Normal Form	33
	Second Normal Form	35
	Third Normal Form	35
	Summary of Normalization Rules	36
Chapter 3	Choosing Data Types
	In This Chapter	3
	Defining the Domains	3
	Data Types	4
	Null Values	26
	Default Values	27
	Check Constraints	27
Chapter 4	Implementing a Relational Data Model
	In This Chapter	3
	Creating the Database	3
	Using CREATE DATABASE	4
	Using CREATE TABLE	6
	Creating a Fragmented Table	9
	Using CREATE INDEX	9
	Using Synonyms with Table Names	15
	Using Synonym Chains	16
	Using Command Scripts	17
	Populating the Tables	19
Section II	Managing Databases
Chapter 5	Table Fragmentation Strategies
	In This Chapter	3
	What Is Fragmentation?	3
	Enhanced Fragmentation for Enterprise Decision Server	6
	Why Use Fragmentation?	6
	Whose Responsibility Is Fragmentation?	8
	Fragmentation and Logging	8
	Distribution Schemes for Table Fragmentation	9
	Expression-Based Distribution Scheme	10
	Round-Robin Distribution Scheme	12
	Range Distribution Scheme	12
	System-Defined Hash Distribution Scheme	13
	Hybrid Distribution Scheme	14
	Eliminating Fragments from a Search	18
	Creating a Fragmented Table	23
	Creating a New Fragmented Table	23
	Rowids in a Fragmented Table	25
	Creating a Fragmented Table from Nonfragmented Tables	25
	Fragmenting Smart Large Objects	27
	Modifying Fragmentation Strategies	28
	Using the INIT Clause to Reinitialize a Fragmentation Scheme	29
	Using the INIT Clause to Change From Hash to Hybrid Fragmentation	30
	Using the MODIFY Clause to Modify an Existing Fragmentation Strategy	31
	Using ATTACH and DETACH Clauses to Modify an Existing Fragmentation Strategy	32
	Using the ADD Clause to Add a Fragment	34
	Using the DROP Clause to Drop a Fragment	34
	Fragmenting Temporary Tables	35
	Fragmenting Temporary Tables with Enterprise Decision Server	35
	Fragmentation of Table Indexes	37
	Attached Indexes	37
	Detached Indexes	38
	Rowids	39
	Accessing Data Stored in Fragmented Tables	40
	Using Primary Keys Instead of Rowids	41
	Creating a Rowid Column in a Fragmented Table	41
	Granting and Revoking Privileges from Fragments	42
Chapter 6	Granting and Limiting Access to Your Database
	In This Chapter	3
	Controlling Access to Databases	4
	Granting Privileges	5
	Database-Level Privileges	6
	Ownership Rights	8
	Table-Level Privilege	8
	Column-Level Privileges	12
	Type-Level Privileges	14
	Routine-Level Privileges	15
	Language Privileges	16
	Automating Privileges	17
	Using SPL Routines to Control Access to Data	21
	Restricting Data Reads	21
	Restricting Changes to Data	22
	Monitoring Changes to Data	23
	Restricting Object Creation	24
	Using Views	25
	Creating Views	26
	Modifying with a View	31
	Privileges and Views	35
	Privileges When Creating a View	35
	Privileges When Using a View	36
Section III	Object-Relational Databases
Chapter 7	Creating and Using Extended Data Types in Dynamic Server
	In This Chapter	3
	User-Defined Data Types	4
	Opaque Data Types	4
	Distinct Data Types	4
	Smart Large Objects	5
	BLOB Data Type	5
	CLOB Data type	5
	Using Smart Large Objects	7
	Copying Smart Large Objects	8
	Complex Data Types	9
	Collection Data Types	10
	Named Row Types	17
	Unnamed Row Types	25
Chapter 8	Understanding Type and Table Inheritance in Dynamic Server
	In This Chapter	3
	What Is Inheritance?	3
	Type Inheritance	4
	Defining a Type Hierarchy	4
	Overloading Routines for Types in a Type Hierarchy	8
	Inheritance and Type Substitutability	9
	Dropping Named Row Types from a Type Hierarchy	10
	Table Inheritance	11
	The Relationship Between Type and Table Hierarchies	12
	Defining a Table Hierarchy	14
	Inheritance of Table Behavior in a Table Hierarchy	15
	Modifying Table Behavior in a Table Hierarchy	17
	SERIAL Types in a Table Hierarchy	19
	Adding a New Table to a Table Hierarchy	20
	Dropping a Table in a Table Hierarchy	21
	Altering the Structure of a Table in a Table Hierarchy	22
	Querying Tables in a Table Hierarchy	22
	Creating a View on a Table in a Table Hierarchy	23
Chapter 9	Creating and Using User-Defined Casts In Dynamic Server
	In This Chapter	3
	What Is a Cast?	3
	Creating User-Defined Casts	5
	Invoking Casts	6
	Restrictions on User-Defined Casts	6
	Casting Row Types	7
	Casting Between Named and Unnamed Row Types	8
	Casting Between Unnamed Row Types	9
	Casting Between Named Row Types	10
	Row-Type Conversions that Require Explicit Casts on Fields	10
	Casting Individual Fields of a Row Type	12
	Casting Collection Data Types	13
	Restrictions on Collection-Type Conversions	14
	Converting Between Collections with Different Element Types	14
	Converting Relational Data to a MULTISET Collection	16
	Casting Distinct Data Types	16
	Using Explicit Casts with Distinct Types	16
	Casting Between a Distinct Type and Its Source Type	17
	Casting to Smart Large Objects	20
	Creating Cast Functions for User-Defined Casts	20
	An Example of Casting Between Named Row Types	21
	An Example of Casting Between Distinct Data Types	22
	Multilevel Casting	24
Section IV	Dimensional Databases
Chapter 10	Building a Dimensional Data Model
	In This Chapter	3
	Overview of Data Warehousing	4
	Why Build a Dimensional Database?	5
	What is Dimensional Data?	7
	Concepts of Dimensional Data Modeling	10
	The Fact Table	12
	Dimensions of the Data Model	13
	Building a Dimensional Data Model	16
	Choosing a Business Process	17
	Summary of a Business Process	17
	Determining the Granularity of the Fact Table	19
	Identifying the Dimensions and Hierarchies	21
	Choosing the Measures for the Fact Table	23
	Resisting Normalization	26
	Choosing the Attributes for the Dimension Tables	27
	Handling Common Dimensional Data-Modeling Problems	29
	Minimizing the Number of Attributes in a Dimension Table	29
	Handling Dimensions That Occasionally Change	31
	Using the Snowflake Schema	33
Chapter 11	Implementing a Dimensional Database
	In This Chapter	3
	Implementing the sales_demo Dimensional Database	3
	Using CREATE DATABASE	4
	Using CREATE TABLE for the Dimension and Fact Tables	4
	Mapping Data from Data Sources to the Database	7
	Loading Data into the Dimensional Database	9
	Creating the sales_demo Database	12
	Testing the Dimensional Database	12
	Logging and Nonlogging Tables in Enterprise Decision Server	13
	Choosing Table Types	14
	Switching Between Table Types	18
	Indexes for Data-Warehousing Environments	18
	Using GK Indexes in a Data-Warehousing Environment	20
	Index

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Preface

PREFACE:

INTRODUCTION

In This Introduction

Read this introduction for an overview of the information provided in this book and for an understanding of the documentation conventions used.

About This Book

This book provides information to help you design, implement, and manage your Informix databases. It includes data models that illustrate different approaches to database design and shows you how to use structured query language (SQL) to implement and manage your databases.

This book is one of several manuals that discuss the Informix implementation of SQL. The Informix Guide to SQL: Tutorial, Second Edition shows how to use basic and advanced SQL and SPL routines to access and manipulate the data in your databases. The Informix Guide to SQL: Reference and Syntax, Second Edition provides reference information for aspects of SQL other than the language statements and contains all the syntax descriptions for SQL and Stored Procedure Language (SPL).

Types of Users

This book is for the following users:

Database administrators
Database server administrators
Database-application programmers

This book assumes that you have the following background:

A working knowledge of your computer, your operating system, and the utilities that your operating system provides
Some experience working with relational databases or exposure to database concepts
Some experience with computer programming

If you have limited experience with relational databases, SQL, or your operating system, refer to the Getting Startedmanualfor your database server for a list of supplementary titles.

Software Dependencies

This book assumes that you are using one of the following database servers:

Informix Enterprise Decision Server, Version 8.3
Informix Dynamic Server 2000, Version 9.2

Assumptions About Your Locale

Informix products can support many languages, cultures, and code sets. All culture-specific information is brought together in a single environment, called a Global Language Support (GLS) locale.

This book assumes that you use the U.S. 8859-1 English locale as the default locale. The default is en_us.8859-1 (ISO 8859-1) on UNIX platforms or en_us.1252 (Microsoft 1252) for Windows NT environments. This locale supports U.S. English format conventions for dates, times, and currency, and also supports the ISO 8859-1 or Microsoft 1252 code set, which includes the ASCII code set plus many 8-bit characters such as é, è, and ñ.

If you plan to use nondefault characters in your data or your SQL identifiers, or if you want to conform to the nondefault collation rules of character data, you need to specify the appropriate nondefault locale.

Demonstration Databases

The DB-Access utility, which is provided with your Informix database server products, includes one or more of the following demonstration databases:

The stores_demo database illustrates a relational schema with information about a fictitious wholesale sporting-goods distributor. Many examples in Informix manuals are based on the stores_demo database.
The sales_demo database illustrates a dimensional schema for data-warehousing applications. For conceptual information about dimensional data modeling, see Chapter 10, "Building a Dimensional Data Model."
The superstores_demo database illustrates an object-relational schema. The superstores_demo database includes examples of extended data types, type and table inheritance, and user-defined routines.

For information about how to create and populate the demonstration databases, see the DB-Access User's Manual. For descriptions of the databases and their contents, see the Informix Guide to SQL: Reference.

The scripts that you use to install the demonstration databases reside in the $INFORMIXDIR/bin directory on UNIX platforms and in the %INFORMIXDIR%\\bin directory in Windows environments.

New Features

For a comprehensive list of new database server features, see the release notes. This section lists new features relevant to this manual.

New Features in Version 8.3

This book describes the following new SQL functionality in Version 8.3 of Enterprise Decision Server:

RANGE fragmentation
Globally detached indexes

New Features in Version 9.2

This book describes new features in Version 9.2 of Dynamic Server. The features fall into the following areas:

Extensibility enhancements
Version 9.2 features from Version 7.30 of Dynamic Server

Extensibility Enhancements

This book describes the following extensibility enhancements to Version 9.2 of Dynamic Server:

General enhancements to SQL: nested dot expressions for row types
Enhancements to smart large objects:
- Round-robin fragmentation for smart large objects
- ALTER TABLE for smart large objects
- Data type conversion: BYTE to BLOB and TEXT to CLOB
Enhancements to collections: Collection constructors that use arbitrary expression elements
Enhancements to row types:
- Serial types in row types
- GRANT/REVOKE UNDER on row types

Version 9.2 Features from Dynamic Server 7.30

This book also describes features first released in Version 7.30 of Dynamic Server. These features fall into the following areas:

Reliability, availability, and serviceability:
- ALTER FRAGMENT ATTACH/DETACH enhancements
- In-place ALTER TABLE MODIFY/DROP (for built-in types)
Application migration: UNION operator in CREATE VIEW statement

Additional Documentation

For additional information, you might want to refer to the following types of documentation:

On-line manuals
Printed manuals
Error message documentation
Documentation notes, release notes, and machine notes
Related reading

On-Line Manuals

An Answers OnLine CD that contains Informix manuals in electronic format is provided with your Informix products. You can install the documentation or access it directly from the CD. For information about how to install, read, and print on-line manuals, see the installation insert that accompanies Answers OnLine.

Informix on-line manuals are also available on the following Web site:

www.informix.com/answers

Printed Manuals

To order printed manuals, call 1-800-331-1763 or send email to moreinfo@informix.com. Please provide the following information when you place your order:

The documentation that you need
The quantity that you need
Your name, address, and telephone number

On-Line Help

Informix provides on-line help with each graphical user interface (GUI) that displays information about those interfaces and the functions that they perform. Use the help facilities that each GUI provides to display the on-line help.

Error Message Documentation

Informix software products provide ASCII files that contain all of the Informix error messages and their corrective actions.

To read error messages and corrective actions on UNIX, use one of the following utilities.

Utility	Description
finderr	Displays error messages on line
rofferr	Formats error messages for printing

To read error messages and corrective actions in Windows, use the Informix Find Error utility. To display this utility, choose Start->Programs->Informix from the Task Bar.

Instructions for using the preceding utilities are available in Answers OnLine. Answers OnLine also provides a listing of error messages and corrective actions in HTML format.

Documentation Notes, Release Notes, Machine Notes

In addition to printed documentation, the following sections describe the on-line files that supplement the information in this book. Please examine these files before you begin using your database server. They contain vital information about application and performance issues.

On UNIX, the following on-line files appear in the $INFORMIXDIR/release/en_us/0333 directory. Replace x.y in the filenames with the version number of your database server.

On-Line File	Purpose
DDIDOC_x.y	The documentation notes file for your version of this manual describes topics that are not covered in the manual or that were modified since publication.
SERVERS_x.y	The release notes file describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differences might affect current products. This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds.
IDS_x.y or IDS_EDS_x.y	The machine notes file describes any special actions that you must take to configure and use Informix products on your computer. Machine notes are named for the product described.

The following items appear in the Informix folder. To display this folder, choose Start->Programs->Informix from the Task Bar.

Program Group Item	Description
Documentation Notes	This item includes additions or corrections to manuals and information about features that might not be covered in the manuals or that have been modified since publication.
Release Notes	This item describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differences might affect current products. This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds.

Machine notes do not apply to Windows environments. ?

Compliance with Industry Standards

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has established a set of industry standards for SQL. Informix SQL-based products are fully compliant with SQL-92 Entry Level (published as ANSI X3.135-1992), which is identical to ISO 9075:1992. In addition, many features of Informix database servers comply with the SQL-92 Intermediate and Full Level and X/Open SQL CAE (common applications environment) standards.

Informix Welcomes Your Comments

Let us know what you like or dislike about our books. To help us with future versions of our books, we want to know about any corrections or clarifications that you would find useful. Include the following information:

The name and version of the manual that you are using
Any comments that you have about the manual
Your name, address, and phone number

Send electronic mail to us at the following address:

doc@informix.com

The doc alias is reserved exclusively for reporting errors and omissions in our documentation.

We appreciate your suggestions.

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Informix Guide to Designing Databases and Data Warehouses / Edition 1

More About This Textbook

Overview

Product Details

Related Subjects

Read an Excerpt

INTRODUCTION

In This Introduction

About This Book

Types of Users

Software Dependencies

Assumptions About Your Locale

Demonstration Databases

New Features

New Features in Version 8.3

New Features in Version 9.2

Extensibility Enhancements

Version 9.2 Features from Dynamic Server 7.30

Additional Documentation

On-Line Manuals

Printed Manuals

On-Line Help

Error Message Documentation

Documentation Notes, Release Notes, Machine Notes

Related Reading

Compliance with Industry Standards

Informix Welcomes Your Comments

Table of Contents

Preface

INTRODUCTION

In This Introduction

About This Book

Types of Users

Software Dependencies

Assumptions About Your Locale

Demonstration Databases

New Features

New Features in Version 8.3

New Features in Version 9.2

Extensibility Enhancements

Version 9.2 Features from Dynamic Server 7.30

Additional Documentation

On-Line Manuals

Printed Manuals

On-Line Help

Error Message Documentation

Documentation Notes, Release Notes, Machine Notes

Related Reading

Compliance with Industry Standards

Informix Welcomes Your Comments

Customer Reviews

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