Oracle Disk I/O Tuning: Disk I/O Performance and Optimization for Oracle Databases

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Covering all aspects of Oracle disk I/O tuning, this book explores disk performance, RAID management, Oracle data file performance, and Oracle data segment internals. Also explored is physical disk I/O, which includes disk device internals, detecting disk bottlenecks, disk organization techniques, and disk striping and disk load balancing. Highlighted are RAID and Oracle performance as well as techniques for effective use of RAID with Oracle. Additionally, Oracle data file internals are considered and how to use ...

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Overview

Covering all aspects of Oracle disk I/O tuning, this book explores disk performance, RAID management, Oracle data file performance, and Oracle data segment internals. Also explored is physical disk I/O, which includes disk device internals, detecting disk bottlenecks, disk organization techniques, and disk striping and disk load balancing. Highlighted are RAID and Oracle performance as well as techniques for effective use of RAID with Oracle. Additionally, Oracle data file internals are considered and how to use multiple data block sizes to detect and repair Oracle data segment bottlenecks and segment waits is described. Oracle segment management is illustrated, and the effective use of Oracle segment partitioning, segment slot internals, and monitoring segment I/O is explained.

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Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9780974599342
  • Publisher: Rampant Techpress
  • Publication date: 4/28/2004
  • Series: Oracle In-Focus series
  • Pages: 230
  • Product dimensions: 6.90 (w) x 8.90 (h) x 0.70 (d)

Meet the Author

Mike Ault is one of the leading names in Oracle technology. The author of more than 20 Oracle books and hundreds of articles in national publications, he has five Oracle Masters Certificates and was the first popular Oracle author with his landmark book Oracle7 Administration and Management. Donald K. Burleson is the author of 16 Oracle database books and is the editor in chief of Oracle Internals. He is an Oracle consultant with extensive experience designing and implementing Oracle8 databases, including systems architecture, project management, data warehouse design, implementation and tuning, tuning massively parallel Oracle databases, Oracle SQL tuning, using Oracle with SAP, and tuning very large Oracle databases. He lives in Kittrell, North Carolina.

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Table of Contents

Using the Online Code Depot 1
Conventions Used in This Book 2
Acknowledgements 4
Preface 5
Chapter 1 Disk Architecture 7
Introduction 7
General Disk Architecture 9
Disk Layout 13
Disk Logic Boards 14
Cache and Disks 15
Disk Performance Statistics 16
Disk Capacity - The Double-Edged Sword 22
Conclusion 25
References 26
Chapter 2 Disk Interfaces 27
Exploring Disk Interfaces 27
ATA Interface 29
SCSI Interface 32
SCSI 3 36
IEEE 1394 Interface 47
IEEE 1394 protocol Layers 51
Fibre Channel 52
Channels and Fibre Channel 54
Networks and Fibre Channel 54
Fibre Topologies 54
Nodes 55
Ports 56
Fibre Channel Links 57
Arbitrated Loop Topology 57
Conclusion 59
References 60
Chapter 3 Optimizing Disk Performance 61
Optimizing Your Disk Interface 61
Optimizing ATA Performance 62
ATA Tuning In Windows 62
ATA Tuning in LINUX 69
Notes 77
Tuning the SCSI Interface 80
Tuning the SCSI Interface in Windows 80
SCSI Tuning Under Linux 85
Tuning SCSI Under UNIX 87
Peripheral Buses 88
SCSI Bus 88
SUN Conclusions for SCSI Interface Tuning 95
HP-UX SCSI Tuning 95
SCSI Tuning Under AIX 102
Setting AIX SCSI-Adapter and Disk-Device Queue Limits 103
AIX SCSI Settings With a Non-IBM Disk Drive 103
Setting SCSI Parameters for a Non-IBM Disk Array 104
Changing AIX Disk Adapter Outstanding-Request Limits 105
Controlling the Number of System pbufs in AIX 106
Tuning the IEEE1394 Interface 106
Tuning the Fibre Channel Interface 107
Conclusion 107
References 108
Chapter 4 RAID Technology 109
Disk Striping 109
Disk Shadowing or Mirroring 110
RAID-Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks 112
RAID Setup for SCSI 115
EMC Storage Arrays 116
Hitachi Storage Arrays 117
Compaq (HP) Storage Arrays 118
IBM Storage Arrays 119
SUN StorEdge Storage Arrays 120
Commonalities between the Arrays 121
Memory Caches 121
IO Profiles 122
Tune for Concurrency 124
The IO Path 127
The 100% Myth 128
Should I Worry About Fragmentation? 128
What About Write Caching? 129
Conclusion 130
References 131
Chapter 5 Disk Monitoring 132
Introduction 132
Oracle Monitoring 133
Operating System Monitoring of Disks 142
Automating Statistic Collection 158
Conclusion 158
Chapter 6 Solid State Disk and Oracle Databases 160
Introduction 160
Oracle Data Caching 161
SSD as an Oracle Tuning Tool 163
RAM Access Speed with Oracle Databases 164
The History of Oracle RAM Data Buffering 164
Allocating Oracle Objects into Multiple RAM Data Buffers 171
Improving I/O Speed Is Not a Silver Bullet 174
The Problem of Duplicitous RAM Caches 176
Why is Oracle Logical I/O So Slow? 178
Finding the Baselines 180
A Review of Existing SSD Research Findings 182
James Morle 182
Paul Dorsey 183
Woody Hutsell 184
Conclusion 185
References 187
Chapter 7 Oracle 10g Disk Related Features 188
Automatic Storage Management 188
ASM Concepts 188
ASM Architecture 189
ASM Instance Management 194
Initialization Parameters for ASM Instance 195
Disk Recovery Time 196
Rebalance Operation 196
ASM Instance Operations 197
Starting Up and Shutting Down of an ASM Instance 198
Discovering the Disks and Disk Groups 198
ASM Instance Configuration 199
Rules and Guidelines for ASM Instance Configuration 200
Creating a Disk Group 201
Altering a Disk Group (add, drop, undrop, resize, rebalance) 202
Mounting Disk Groups 206
Disk Group Templates 207
Alias Filenames 210
Dropping a Disk Group 212
Internal Consistency of Disk Groups 213
File Types Supported by ASM 214
Dynamic Performance Views on ASM 215
How Do We Use ASM Files in the Database? 220
Using ASM to Create a Database 222
Conclusion 223
Index 224
About Mike Ault 227
About Mike Reed 228
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