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Phe^ bi`nh ba`i phe^ bi`nh cu?a Tra^`n Ma.nh Ha?o
Hi ba'c Tuan & all
To^i chu+a ddo.c CHCC, ne^n kho^ng the^? no'i ve^` cuo^'n na`y
nhu+ng dda~ ddo.c ba`i phe^ bi`nh cu?a Tra^`n Ma.nh Ha?o, ne^n
xin no'i ve^` ba`i phe^ bi`nh na`y. Ba'c na`o dda~ ddo^`ng y'
vo+'i TMH va` nha^'t quye^'t kho^ng muo^'n ddo.c CHCC thi` xin
ddu+`ng ddo.c tie^'p :-)
> Tui co' ca?m tu+o+?ng TMH muo^'n mo^.t cuo^'n tie^?u
>thuye^'t hay pha?i co' mo^.t no^.i dung "to^'t", "positive" ve^`
>xa~ ho^.i, ve^` con ngu+o+`i; lo+`i va(n pha?i trau chuo^'t, bo'ng
>ba^?y. Ta.i sao pha?i nhu+ the^'??? Ta.i sao la.i kho^ng pha?n
>a'nh ca'i xa^'u, ca'i a'c, ma(.t tra'i cu?a xa~ ho^.i? Ta.i sao
>kho^ng va.ch tra^`n nhu+~ng loa.i tri' thu+'c lu+u manh nhu+ Hoa`ng
>ma` ngay ca? TMH cu~ng co' nha^.n xe't la` co' nhan nha?n trong ca'c
>qua'n bia o^m, co+ quan nha` nu+o+'c, co^ng ty kinh doang. Tui
>nghi~ cuo^'n na`y cu?a NVH xua^'t hie^.n ddu'ng lu'c.
>
Ca'i kie^?u socialist realism ma` TMH ddo`i ho?i na`y la` 1
truye^`n tho^'ng la^u ddo+`i trong ca'c nu+o+'c XHCN.
Tho+`i Stalin, dda~ co' la^`n o^ng na`y go.i nha` soa.n nha.c
Shostakovitch va`o dde^? DA^.Y ca'ch vie^'t nha.c, theo nhu+~ng
tie^u chua^?n la` pha?i ddi sa't qua^`n chu'ng, co' ha^.u, kho^ng
kho' hie^?u, co' ti'nh ca'ch da^n to^.c. Ai ma` kho^ng vie^'t nha.c,
vie^'t va(n theo ddu'ng y' Stalin la` ddi ddoong. Tru+o+'c ddo'
nu+~a, ca'c nha` nho ta cu~ng luo^n luo^n ddem lua^n ly' ra dde^?
dda'nh gia' va(n chu+o+ng theo kie^?u "nam ba^'t kha'n Thu?y Hu+?
nu+~ ba^'t ddo^.c Thu'y Kie^`u" (tuy nhie^n i't ra la` ca'c cu.
ddo^` co' tie^'n bo^. ho+n vi` kho^ng ba('t pha?i "de^~ hie^?u,
ddi sa't qua^`n chu'ng" :-).
> TMH ca?m tha^'y kho' chi.u khi VNH du`ng nhie^`u chu+~ nu+o+'c
>ngoa`i va` mi?a mai cho ra(`ng mo^.t ky? lu.c trong va(n chu+o+ng
>Vie^.t Nam. Tri'ch tie^'ng nu+o+'c ngoa`i thi` dda~ sao co+ chu+'?
>Cu+' ddo.c nhu+~ng tie^?u thuye^'t cu?a Enriquez thi` cu~ng nhan
>nha?n chu+~ nu+o+'c ngoa`i.
>
DDe^'m so^' chu+~ ngoa.i dde^? chi? tri'ch la` 1 ddie^`u ngu xua^?n,
ngo+' nga^?n. DDo^'i vo+'i nha` va(n, tie^u chua^?n khi du`ng chu+~
la` co' ddu'ng cho^~ kho^ng, co' giu'p su+. "ta?i y'" kho^ng.
DDa'ng le~ pha?i da^~n chu+'ng va` chu+'ng minh ra(`ng
du`ng chu+~ ngoa.i trong ca^u, trong context ddo' la` sai, do+?,
kho^ng ca^`n thie^'t, chu+' ai la.i ddi la`m 1 chuye^.n ma'y mo'c
nhu+ dde^'m chu+~?.
Ba^y gio+` xin tri'ch ba`i cu?a TMH:
> "Co+ ho^.i cu?a Chu'a" - sa^n cho+i nho+'p nha'p dda^`y ve? cao dda.o, quy' pha'i
>cu?a dda'm buo^n la^.u, chuye^?n nga^n la^.u, dda'm mo'c ngoa(.c, ho^'i lo^., la` co+
>ho^.i dde^? mo^.t bo^. pha^.n tri' thu+'c bie^'n cha^'t the^? hie^.n su+. vo^ lua^n, co+
>ho^.i dde^? to^.i a'c va` to^.i lo^~i nha^.p thie^`n hoa(.c ddi nha` tho+` ca^`u Chu'a,
>cu~ng la` co+ ho^.i dde^? ta'c gia? cu?a no' khoe chu+~ nghi~a, khoe sa'ch vo+? kie^'n
>thu+'c mo^.t ca'ch kho^ng sao hie^?u no^?i\.
>
A`, dda^y la` ca'i to^.i lo+'n ddo^'i vo+'i TMH: la`m cho o^ng ta
"kho^ng hie^?u no^?i". Vie^'t ca'i gi` khie^'n TMH kho^ng hie^?u
no^?i thi` a('t pha?i la` "khoe khoang" :-)
>"Co+ ho^.i cu?a Chu'a" ddu+o+.c Nguye^~n
>Vie^.t Ha` vie^'t theo lo^'i va(n "do`ng y' thu+'c - ddo^.c thoa.i no^.i ta^m" cu?a James
>Joyce (1882-1941) dda~ tha`nh mo^'t tho+`i thu+o+.ng tu+` ho+n na(m mu+o+i na(m qua\.
>Nguye^~n Vie^.t Ha` vo+'i gio.ng va(n ca` tu+?ng, gia^.t cu.c, bo^~ ba~ a'p dda(.t, vo^
>lo^'i va` xa'ch me', xu'c pha.m dde^'n ta'c gia? "Nam Hoa Kinh":
>
Anh nha` que^ no'i chuye^.n chu+~ nghi~a!
Mo^.t trong nh~ ky~ thua^.t lo+'n va` well established cu?a
va(n chu+o+ng (nhu+ng ho+i "xa ro+`i qua^`n chu'ng") ddu+o+.c
go.i luo^n la` ca'i "mo^'t tho+`i thu+o+.ng". DDOa.n cuo^'i
o^ng ta co`n du`ng chu+~ "mi` a(n lie^`n" (hi`nh nhu+ cu~ng
hay nghe trong vnsa :-) - dde^? mie^.t thi. nh~ ca'i ma` o^ng
ta kho^ng hie^?u hay kho^ng bie^'t appreciate.
> "Co+ ho^.i cu?a Chu'a" co`n nhan nha?n nhu+~ng ddoa.n va(n qua'i go+? nhu+: "Anh
>kho^ng nha^`m, nghie^n cu+'u sinh vi~nh vie^~n kho^ng co' ba(`ng Pho' tie^'n si~ ddang
>ngo^`i ca.nh me.t thi.t cho'. DDo^.c a^?m. Con me. ba'n mi't rong vo^ y' cho^?ng mo^ng
>ngang ma(.t ga~ tri' thu+'c nho+~ va^.n" (86)... "Na`ng vo+. chu+a ddu+o+.c phe'p ddo^
>thi. ho'a a'o hoa ca` khoe't ro^.ng co^?
>tho`i da^y chuye^`n mo^.t la.ng, toe toe't cu+o+`i bu+ng cam ha'i vu+o+`n nha` va`o mo+`i
>kha'ch dde't-xe\. Chua muo^'n ru.ng ra(ng" (97)..."
Tro+`i dda^'t! Ca'i na`y thi` co' gi` ma` qua' kho' hie^?u hay
qua'i go+? dda^u? DDo.c ca'i na`y ma` cu~ng kho^ng hie^?u no^?i
du.ng y' va` ky~ thua^.t cu?a ta'c gia?! Va^.y ma` cu~ng ddo`i
"phe^ bi`nh" dde^? khoe ca'i do^'t cu?a mi`nh! :-)
>Nhu+ng ddo.c
>xong cuo^'n sa'ch, chu+`ng nhu+ ca'c tri' thu+'c Hoa`ng, Nha~, Ta^m, Bi`nh, Sa'ng...
>ma(.c du` lu+`a dda?o nhau dde^? so^'ng, ma(.c du` buo^n la^.u, ga.t ti`nh, tha^.m chi'
>tu+. lu+u manh ho'a, nhu+ng xem ra ho. va^~n ra^'t dda'ng thu+o+ng, va^~n co' gi` ddo'
>dde`m dde.p, sang sang, to^`i to^.i, buo^`n buo^`n va` chi? la` na.n nha^n chu+' kho^ng
>ai la` thu? pha.m. a^'y chi'nh la` ddie^`u chu'ng to^i ba(n khoa(n. Ra(`ng ca'i xa^'u,
>ca'i a'c chu+`ng nhu+ chu+a bi. le^n a'n, la.i co`n vo^ ti`nh ddu+o+.c bie^.n minh ba(`ng
>thie^`n, ba(`ng Chu'a, ba(`ng nhu+~ng thao thu+'c va` da(`n va(.t trie^'t ho.c dda^u
>dda^u\. Nguye^~n Vie^.t Ha` kho^ng hie^?u vo^ ti`nh hay co^' y', la.i ddi trang ddie^?m
>cho ca'i xa^'u ba(`ng ta^'t ca? son pha^'n sie^u hi`nh, du` la` thu+' son pha^'n vay
>mu+o+.n? Nhu+ the^' na`y, lie^.u "Co+ ho^.i cu?a Chu'a" co' kha? na(ng ta.o co+ ho^.i cho
>va(n chu+o+ng ddi'ch thu+.c xua^'t hie^.n cha(ng? Hay no' chi? ta.o co+ ho^.i
>cho nhu+~ng gu mi` a(n lie^`n pha`m a(n trong tha^?m my~ nghe^. thua^.t nha?y ra la`m lao
>xao du+ lua^.n?
>
> Tha`nh pho^' Ho^` Chi' Minh nga`y 31-7-1999
> TRa^`N Ma.NH Ha?O
>
Quan ddie^?m primitive, a^'u tri~ ve^` va(n chu+o+ng
la` ai la`m sai thi` pha?i ke^'t a'n, cu~ng nhu+ ca'c cu.
ta ke^'t a'n Kie^`u & Thu?y Hu+?, chu+' kho^ng bao gio+`
tu+. ho?i ta.i sao co' nhu+~ng hoa`n ca?nh xa~ ho^.i, nh~
giai ddoa.n li.ch su+? na?y sinh nh~ con ng` nhu+ va^.y.
Tu+. ho?i nhu+ va^.y la` mo^.t to^.i lo+'n vi` no' cho tha^'y
1 anti-establishment attitude, hay i't ra la` 1 questioning
attitude.
To^i hoa`n toa`n ddo^`ng y' ra(`ng truye^.n vie^'t cho
con ni't, vi. tha`nh nie^n thi` ca^`n de^~ hie^?u, de^~ ddo.c,
sa'ng su?a, co' ha^.u, ddu+`ng ba('t tre? con suy nghi~ va^?n
vo+ ma^'t tinh tha^`n, pha?i nghie^m kha('c phe^ pha'n ke? xa^'u.
Xa^'u thi` pha?i go.i ba(`ng tha(`ng, hai ba ca^u pha?i che^
1 la^`n. la^u la^u pha?i gi?ng 1 ba`i morale.
Tuy nhie^n CHCC ro~ ra`ng kho^ng pha?i la` chuye^.n con ni't,
do ddo' TMH dda~ tha^.t la` ngu xua^?n khi dda'nh gia' truye^.n
cho ng` lo+'n ba(`ng tie^u chua^?n cho nhi ddo^`ng. To^i co'
ca?m tu+o+?ng nhu+ nghe ma^'y ba` gia` ra(ng dden ngo^`i xo^?m
nho'p nhe'p nhai tra^`u va` phe^ bi`nh nha.c jazz
"sao ma^'y tha(`ng cha? dda^.p dda`n loa?ng xoa?ng tui nghe
ddie^'c tai qua' cha(?ng ra ca'i ddie^.u gi` ca?".
Tuy nhie^n ba`i cu?a TMH dda(ng trong Nha^n Da^n thi` cu~ng OK,
kie^?u nhu+ ma^'y ba`i "phe^ bi`nh va(n ho.c" o+? ha?i ngoa.i
kho^ng ddu+o+.c ba'o va(n ho.c ddu+'ng dda('n na`o dda(ng dda`nh
ddem dda(ng trong ma^'y to+` la' ca?i kha'ng chie^'n!
Cheers
Tuan Pham