Ba'o HN: Va^'n DDe^` Ve^. Sinh Thu+.c Pha^?m ta.i SG

[AnHai Doan <anhai@cs.washington.edu>]

Xoay Quanh Va^'n DDe^` Ve^. Sinh Thu+.c Pha^?m.

Trung bi`nh mo^~i nga`y co' khoa?ng 50 ta^'n 
thi.t tra^u, bo` ddu+o+.c tie^u thu. ta.i Sa`i Go`n. Nhu+ va^.y 
vo+'i so^' da^n cu+ khoa?ng 4 trie^.u, ti'nh trung bi`nh mo^~i 
ngu+o+`i da^n Sa`i Go`n co' the^? tie^u thu. ddu+o+.c 12,5 gram 
thi.t bo` (hoa(.c tra^u)/nga`y (0.44 ounce thi.t/nga`y). Trong 
so^' ddo' co' khoa?ng 200 con ddu+o+.c "ho'a kie^'p" ta.i ca'c 
lo` o+? Cu? Chi, Ba` DDie^?m, Bi`nh Tru+ng, Bi`nh DDo^ng, v.v... 
la` nhu+~ng no+i kinh doanh ho+.p pha'p. Tuy nhie^n theo dda.i 
die^.n Chi cu.c thu' y' Sa`i Go`n, ye^u ca^`u ve^. sinh ta.i ca'c 
lo` sa't sinh na`y va^~n chu+a ddu+o+.c ba?o dda?m, vi` ma'y mo'c 
cu~ng nhu+ ky~ thua^.t gie^'t gia su'c qua' la.c ha^.u va` 
thie^'u ve^. sinh. Ngoa`i ra, ha`ng nga`y co`n co' khoa?ng 70 con 
bo` ddu+o+.c gie^'t tu+` ca'c ti?nh la^n ca^.n, va` ddu+o+.c 
va^.n chuye^?n va`o tha`nh pho^' ba(`ng nhu+~ng phu+o+ng tie^.n 
thie^'u an toa`n ve^. sinh, kho^ng ddu+o+.c u+o+'p la.nh.

Hie^.n nay o+? Sa`i Go`n chi? co' mo^.t lo` gie^'t gia su'c 
tu+o+ng ddo^'i an toa`n ve^. sinh la` Vissan, ddu+o+.c xa^y 
du+.ng tu+` na(m 1974. Na(ng sua^'t hoa.t ddo^.ng cu?a nha` ma'y 
che^' bie^'n thu+.c pha^?m Vissan mo^~i nga`y co' the^? la`m 
thi.t ddu+o+.c 2.400 con heo va` 300 con bo`, tu+'c ddu? su+'c 
cung u+'ng cho nhu ca^`u thie^u thu. (co`n gio+'i ha.n) cu?a 
tha`nh pho^' hie^.n nay\. Trong ho+n 20 na(m qua nha` ma'y va^~n 
chu+a hoa.t ddo^.ng he^'t co^ng sua^'t, vi` kho^ng ca.nh tranh 
no^?i vo+'i lo` mo^? gia su'c tu+ nha^n hoa.t ddo^.ng ba^'t ho+.p 
pha'p, va` cung u+'ng 50% nhu ca^`u tie^u thu. thi.t cu?a tha`nh 
pho^'. Trong giai ddoa.n 1975-1985, nha` ma'y Vissan hoa.t 
ddo^.ng ddu+o+.c 50% co^ng sua^'t; sang giai ddoa.n 1985-1992 
co`n khoa?ng 30%-40% co^ng sua^'t; sau na(m 1992 xuo^'ng co`n 10% 
co^ng sua^'t. Ke^'t qua? la` Vissan ro+i v a`o ca?nh lo^~ vo^'n, 
dda`nh ngu+ng phu+o+ng pha'p da^y chuye^`n va` chuye^?n qua 
gie^'t mo^? thu? co^ng.

Trong ca'c ma^~u thi.t la^'y tu+` cho+. mang ve^` vie^.n Pasteur 
dde^? xe't nghie^.m, ngu+o+`i ta tha^'y to^?ng so^' coliform 
trong 1 gram thi.t bo` la` 1.400 vi khua^?n, thi.t heo la` 1.400 
vi khua^?n; E\. Coli: 200-1.400 vi khua^?n/1gr (bo`), 200-1.400 
vi khua^?n/gram (heo); Staphylococcus aureus: kho^ng co' (bo`), 
0-240 vi khua^?n/gram (heo); Clos. perfringens: 200-3.150 vi 
khua^?n/gram (bo`), 200-600 vi khua^?n/gram (heo). DDu+o+.c 
bie^'t loa.i vi khua^?n trong nho'm Coliform kho^ng ga^y nguy 
hie^?m cho ngu+o+`i nhu+ng co' the^? ga^y be^.nh ne^'u xa^m 
nha^.p va`o co+ the^? vo+'i so^' lu+o+..ng lo+'n. Sie^u vi khua^?n 
E\. Coli ddu+o+.c xe^'p va`o loa.i nguy hie^?m, co' the^? la`m 
suy tha^.n, xua^'t huye^'t va` ngu+o+`i ngo^.c ddo^.c co' the^? 
che^'t. Loa.i
  
Staphylococcus aureus la` nguye^n nha^n da^~n dde^'n ti`nh tra.ng 
chie^u cha?y, o'i mu+?a\. Loa.i Clos. perfringens la`m cho 
ngu+o+`i ngo^. ddo^.c tie^u cha?y, vie^m ruo^.t va` co' the^? 
che^'t ne^'u kho^ng chu+~a tri. ki.p tho+`i\.
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