Ba'o VN: Chuye^.n thanh toa'n the? VISA o+? VN

[AnHai Doan <anhai@cs.washington.edu>]

Nga^n ha`ng Thu+o+ng ma.i a' Cha^u (ACB) gia nha^.p VISA INTERNATIONAL :
The? thanh toa'n - Chuye^.n cha(?ng ddo+n gia?n

Qua?ng Ha`
Ba'o Lao ddo^.ng So^' 42 (15/3/1997)

Ma(.c du` hie^.n nay ACB va^~n chu+a pha't ha`nh the?  ACB - VISA, tha^.m
chi' chu+a cho bie^'t mu+'c ky' quy~, nhu+ng tho+`i ddie^?m ddo' cu~ng kho^ng
co`n qua' xa. Ca`ng lu'c ngu+o+`i ta ca`ng hay no'i dde^'n mo^.t xa~ ho^.i
kho^ng du+.ng tie^`n ma(.t ma` va^~n buo^n ba'n giao di.ch thua^.n tie^.n. 

Nga`y 6.3, Nga^n ha`ng Thu+o+ng ma.i a' Cha^u (ACB) dda~ tuye^n bo^' chi'nh
thu+'c tro+? tha`nh mo^.t trong 20.600 the^?  che^' ta`i chi'nh tha`nh vie^n
cu?a to^?  chu+'c Visa International. Tu+` dda^y, ACB co' the^? thu+.c thi
ta^'t ca? ca'c chu+o+ng tri`nh cu?a Visa, bao go^`m ca? vie^.c pha't ha`nh
Visa. Nhu+ va^.y, o+?  Vie^.t Nam dda~ co' hai nga^n ha`ng tro+? tha`nh
tha`nh vie^n chi'nh thu+'c cu?a he^. tho^'ng thanh toa'n lo+'n nha^'t the^'
gio+'i, thanh toa'n kho^ng du`ng tie^`n ma(.t. Sau Master Card, Visa Card la`
loa.i the? thanh toa'n thu+' hai hie^.n die^.n o+? Vie^.t Nam. 

O^ng Nguye^~n Thanh Toa.i, Pho' Gia'm ddo^'c ACB cho bie^'t :  ACB dda~ ddu+a
he^. tho^'ng thanh toa'n cu?a Trung ta^m the?  ACB no^'i ke^'t ma.ng Visamet.
Vie^.c cha^'p nha^.n thanh toa'n the?  Visa dda~ ddu+o+.c trie^?n khai ha`ng
loa.t va`o nga`y 24.2.1997 ta.i 700 dda.i ly' cu?a Trung ta^m the? va` se~
ddu+o+.c pha't trie^?n to+'i 1.500 dda.i ky' va`o cuo^'i na(m 1997. Trung
ta^m the? ACB phu.c vu. vie^.c giao di.ch thanh toa'n va` gia?i dda'p tha('c
ma('c cu?a kha'ch ha`ng 24 gio+`/nga`y, 7 nga`y/tua^`n.  Ca'c dda.i ly'
kho^ng thu the^m mo^.t khoa?n phu. phi' na`o. Hie^.n nay, ho+n 1.700 doanh
nghie^.p Vie^.t Nam dda~ cha^'p nha^.n thanh toa'n ba(`ng the?  Visa. 

Nhu+~ng mo^'i lie^n quan cu?a loa.i tie^`n nhu+.a

Theo nha^.n ddi.nh cu?a ca'c chuye^n gia thi` thi. tru+o+`ng mo+'i tro^~i
da^.y nhu+ Vie^.t Nam co' co+ ho^.i ra^'t quy' ba'u dde^?  kho^ng nhu+~ng
dduo^?i ki.p ma` co`n vu+o+.t ca'c nu+o+'c co' co^ng nghe^. hie^.n dda.i ho+n
mi`nh. Tuy nhie^n, theo o^ng Richard chang - Pho' Chu? ti.ch kie^m Gia'm
ddo^'c khu vu+.c cu?a Visa, thi` Vie^.t Nam co' le~ dda~ tu.t ha^.u mu+o+`i
na(m so vo+'i ca'c nu+o+'c la'ng gie^`ng cu?a mi`nh ve^` ca'c he^. tho^'ng
thanh toa'n phu.c vu. kha'ch ha`ng cu~ng nhu+ trong li~nh vu+.c co^ng nghe^.
nga^n ha`ng no'i chung, Vie^.t Nam co`n la^u mo+'i dda.t to+'i mo^.t xa~
ho^.i ma` chu'ng ta ta.m go.i la` mo^.t xa~ ho^.i kho^ng co' tie^`n ma(.t.
Trong khi ddo', hi`nh thu+'c thanh toa'n kho^ng du`ng tie^`n ma(.t ddang
die^~n ra nga`y ca`ng pho^? bie^'n vo+'i mu+'c ddo^. pha't trie^?n o^` a.t
tre^n the^' gio+'i. 

Ma(.c du` su+. lie^n minh cu?a Visa va` ACB ra^'t phu` ho+.p vo+'i chu?
tru+o+ng hie^.n dda.i hoa' he^. tho^'ng nga^n ha`ng cu?a Nga^n ha`ng Nha`
nu+o+'c, nhu+ng vie^.c tha`nh ba.i cu?a loa.i the? ACB Visa co`n o+?  phi'a
tru+o+'c. Kho' kha(n tru+o+'c ma('t la` ma(.c du` Master Card dda~ co' hoa.t
ddo^.ng o+?  Vie^.t Nam nhu+ng tho'i quen du`ng the? thanh toa'n va^~n chu+a
hi`nh tha`nh o+? pha^`n ddo^ng da^n chu'ng.  Vi` the^' vie^.c quan tro.ng
nha^'t hie^.n nay la` pha?i xa^y du+.ng mo^.t "co+ so+?  ha. ta^`ng"  cho
vie^.c cha^'p nha^.n thanh toa'n ba(`ng the?. Ca^`n xa^y du+.ng ddu+o+.c co+
so+? kha'ch ha`ng thi` mo+'i co' the^?  tie^'n to+'i mo^.t co+ che^' thanh
toa'n kho^ng du`ng tie^`n ma(.t. 

Tra? lo+`i ba'o chi', o^ng Chang, dda.i die^.n cho Visa cho ra(`ng ke^'t qua?
hoa`n toa`n phu. thuo^.c va`o mu+'c ddo^. quye^'t ta^m, mu+'c ddo^. cam ke^'t
cu`ng la`m vo+'i nhau giu+~a ca'c ddo^'i ta'c. O^ng vi' von kha' thu' vi. : 
Tre^n mo^.t ba`n a(n sa'ng co' hai mo'n gia(mbo^ng va` tru+'ng ga`, thi` con
heo la` ddo^'i ta'c cam ke^'t tro.n ve.n vo+'i mo'n a(n (muo^'n la`m ddu+o+.c
gia(mbo^ng ngu+o+`i ta pha?i thi.t ddu+o+.c no'), co`n con ga` chi? la` mo^.t
ddo^'i ta'c di'nh da'ng va`o bu+~a a(n, pha^`n ddo'ng go'p cu?a no' chi? la`
mo^.t qua? tru+'ng. Ke^'t lua^.n, o^ng kha(?ng ddi.nh su+. cam ke^'t hoa`n
toa`n trong no^~i lu+.c la`m a(n chung vo+'i ACB. 

Ca'ch no'i nhu+ va^.y ga^y ddu+o+.c su+. ha^'p da^~n. Duy co' ddie^`u o^ng
Chang que^n kho^ng no'i he^'t : Va^.y ai la` con ga` trong cuo^.c la`m a(n
na`y, va` pha^`n o^ng thi` o^ng thi'ch gia(mbo^ng hay tru+'ng ga`? 

Mang tie^`n bao nhie^u thi` mang

Tie^.n i'ch cu?a loa.i "tie^`n nhu+.a" mo+'i na`y la` kho^ng the^? phu`
nha^.n, nha^'t la` vo+'i nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i ddi co^ng ta'c ho.c ta^.p o+?
nu+o+'c ngoa`i. Ngu+o+`i ddi ra nu+o+'c ngoa`i kho^ng co`n nha^'t thie^'t
pha?i ddem ngoa.i te^. theo mi`nh. Ca^`m Visa Card trong tay,
 co' the^? ru't tie^`n ma(.t tu+` 320 nghi`n ma'y ru't tie^`n tu+. ddo^.ng.
Ca'c ba^.c cha me. co' mo^.t phu+o+ng tie^.n kha' hoa`n ha?o dde^? cung ca^'p
cu~ng nhu+ kie^?m soa't chi tie^u cu?a con ca'i ddi ho.c xa. Thanh toa'n
cuo^'i cu`ng chi?  du`ng mo^.t loa.i tie^`n ddo^`ng Vie^.t Nam. Co' the^?
no'i tie^`n ddo^`ng Vie^.t Nam cu~ng dda~ co' gia' tri.  trong giao di.ch
quo^'c te^' nhu+ nhu+~ng ddo^`ng tie^`n kha'c. 

Theo quy ddi.nh cu?a NHNN, mo^~i ngu+o+`i ra nu+o+'c ngoa`i ddu+o+.c mang
to^'i dda 7.000 USD kho^ng ca^`n tho^ng ba'o, mang vu+o+.t qua' con so^' na`y
coi nhu+ chuye^?n nga^n la^.u, vi` va^.y du+. kie^'n ha.n mu+'c ti'n du.ng
cho the?  ACB Visa cu~ng se~ tu+o+ng ddu+o+ng 7.000 USD. Nhu+ng ca'c nga^n
ha`ng thu+o+ng ma.i cu~ng ddu+o+.c phe'p cu?a NHNN ca^'p phe'p mang ngoa.i
te^. ra nu+o+'c ngoa`i. Mo^.t ngu+o+`i co' the?  thanh toa'n co' nghi~a la`
dda~ ddu+o+.c nga^n ha`ng cho phe'p mang tie^`n, cho du` mang mo^.t lu'c
nhie^`u the? (to^?ng so^' tie^`n vu+o+.t qua' 7.000 USD) va^~n kho^ng pha?i
la` ha`nh ddo^.ng chuye^?n nga^n la^.u! Tha^.m chi' ne^'u ca^`n su+? du.ng
tie^`n vu+o+.t qua' ha.n mu+'c ti'n du.ng, chi? ca^`n la`m mo^.t tho^ng ba'o
ve^` trung ta^m the? va` so^' tie^`n dda~ tie^u se~ ddu+o+.c bo^? sung va`o.
Nhu+ va^.y, tuy ha.n mu+'c ti'n du.ng la` 7.000 USD nhu+ng thu+.c te^' co'
the^? su+? du.ng ga^'p nhie^`u la^`n. Va^.y pha?i cha(ng gio+` dda^y kho^ng
co`n mu+'c gio+'i ha.n ngoa.i te^.  mang ra nu+o+'c ngoa`i kho^ng ca^`n khai
ba'o va` co' the^? mang bao nhie^u "tie^`n" ra nu+o+'c ngoa`i tuy` y' ? 
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