Re: Ta?n ma.n quanh truye^.n "Tha^`y"

[Tran Minh Tien <tran@idefix.mpipks-dresden.mpg.de>]

> 
> Chao?ng nhau vo+'i ba'c ho+i me^.t vi` to^i ba`y ba`n co+` vua ma` ba'c
> thi` cu+' mang ma^'y qua^n co+` tuo+'ng va`o dda'nh, do^i khi la.i dda'nh
> theo lua^.t co+` tuo+'ng.

Hi hi hi, me^.t sao ? To^i dda^u co' 3 dda^`u 6 tay dda^u ma` ba'c pha?i lo\.

> > Ba'c co' da^~n U+'ng Xuye^n ra cu~ng vo^ vi. tho^i\. Cha(?ng qua
> > ba('t chie^'c Descartes "I think, therefore I'm" o+? da.ng ba^.c
> > tha^'p (animal action) ma` tho^i\.
> >  
> 
> Theo ba'c thi` chi? co' "ba^.c tha^'p" (animals) mo+'i bie^'t ddau tho^i
> u+? Hay la` no^~i ddau o+? con nguo+`i la` mo^.t ta`n du+ cu?a "ba^.c
> tha^'p"? 

Va^.y thi` ba'c pha?i ho?i Descartes, sao o^ng ta kho^ng vie^'t "To^i ddau"\.
Ma` con ngu+o+`i cu~ng la` ddo^.ng va^.t tho^i  ba'c  a., chi? kha'c la`
"political animal". Ne^'u con ngu+o+`i tu+` bo? gia ddi`nh cu?a mi`nh,  
xa~ ho^.i cu?a mi`nh thi` cha? kha'c gi` animal dda^u ba'c\. Ba'c tha^'y 
the^' na`o ?


> 
> Khi no'i _ve^`_ Dda.o, ta buo^.c pha?i ddu+'ng tu+` mo^.t ddie^?m nhi`n
> o+? be^n _ngoa`i_ Dda.o. Ba(`ng kho^ng vie^.c tu+. ma^u thua^~n la` kho^ng
> the^? tra'nh kho?i. Xin nha('c la.i nghi.ch ly' Epimenides to^i dda~
> no'i khi ba`n chuye^.n Thie^.n-A'c. 
> 
> "Mo^.t nguo+`i Crete no'i: 'Ta^'t ca? mo.i nguo+`i Crete dde^`u no'i
> do^'i`"
> 
> Ne^'u ba'c no'i ve^` DDa.o ma` va^~n ddu+'ng trong Dda.o thi` to^i kho^ng
> nga.c nhie^n ne^'u ba'c tu+. ma^u thua^~n. Du`ng chi'nh thua^.t ngu+~ cu?a
> ba'c thi` co' the^? no'i la` ba'c buo^.c pha?i ngu.y bie^.n khi ba'c va^~n
> ddu+'ng trong Dda.o ma` no'i ve^` Dda.o. Bie^.n chu+'ng va` Ngu.y bie^.n
> la` 2 ma(.t cu?a lua^.t cho+i "ddu+'ng trong Dda.o".


Khi ngu+o+`i no'i ve^` DDa.o thi` pha?i du`ng ngo^n ngu+~ o+? ngoa`i, o+?
tre^n\. Chi'nh to^i  la` ngu+o+`i ddu+a ddo^'i di.ch "ngo^n ngu+~ thu+o+.ng
ta^`ng" cho "metalanguage", thay the^' "sie^u ngo^n ngu+~" tre^n die^~n dda`n 
di.ch thua^.t\. DDie^`u na`y kho^ng co' nghi~a la` ngu+o+`i ta na(`m ngoa`i
DDa.o hay tre^n DDa.o dda^u ba'c  a.\. Ngu.y bie^.n la` o+? ddo' dda^'y ba'c\.



> >To^i cho+.t nho+' ca^u no'i sau hi`nh nhu+
> > ddu+o+.c ga'n cho La~o tu+?: "... ddu+o+`ng mo`n ddu+o+.c va.ch ra lo^'i
> > la` do cha^n ngu+o+`i qua la.i, nhu+ng kho^ng the^? ddo^`ng ho'a lo^'i
> > ddi la`m mo^.t vo+'i gia`y\. Kho^ng ai co' the^? ho'a ca?i ddu+o+.c
> > thie^n nhie^n hay do`ng sinh me^.nh, ma` cu~ng cha(?ng ai co' the^?
> > la`m cho tho+`i gian ngu+`ng la.i hay ca?n tro+? ddu+o+.c DDa.o".
> > 
> 
> Ba'c kho^ng ddu`a dda^'y chu+'? Nhu+~ng lo+`i cu?a La~o tu+? la` thu+'
> "ki`m va.n na(ng" du`ng dda^u cu~ng dduo+.c, vi` no' dda nghi~a.. Dde^? be?
> la.i ba'c, to^i chi? ca^`n du`ng la.i ddu'ng ca'i ca^u cu?a La~o tu+? ma`
> ba'c dda~ tri'ch da^~n.
> 

Kho^ng sao dda^u\. To^i tha^'y ra^'t ro~ dda^u la` "ddu+o+`ng", dda^u la`
"gia`y" va` to^i cu~ng tha^'y ra^'t ro~ ai ddo' chi? tha^'y "gia`y"
kho^ng tho^i a`\.


> 
> To^i dda~ co' lo+`i ve^` Ngu.y bie^.n o+? tre^n. Chi? xin ne^u mo^.t
> nha^.n xe't nho? a` la La~o tu+?: Tu+` "ngu.y bie^.n" dduo+.c su+? du.ng
> nhie^`u nha^'t bo+?i nhu+~ng nguo+`i ngu.y bie^.n.


To^i thi` nghi~ tho+`i La~o tu+? dda~ la`m gi` co' "bie^.n" ma` "ngu.y
bie^.n". "Bie^.n" la` do Ma(.c Ddi.ch ddu+a va`o ddo' ba'c\. Nhu+ng
ba'c no'i co' le~ ddu'ng, ai hay nha('c no' ha(?n la` ngu+o+`i
chuye^n "ngu.y bie^.n". 

> 
> Ba'c hie^?u the^' na`o go.i la` "quy'". Hi`nh nhu+ co' ai no'i:
> 
> "Ye^u cho roi cho vo.t, ghe't cho ngo.t cho bu`i".
> 
> La.i co' ca^u:
> 
> "Thuo^'c dda('ng gia~ ta^.t, su+. tha^.t ma^'t lo`ng"

DDa^'y cu~ng la` quy'\. 

Quy' la` tra^n tro.ng, ba?o to^`n, la`m ca'i tha^n cu?a mi`nh
tro+? ne^n to^'t theo 1 tie^u chua^?n na`o ddo'\.


> 
> Su+. mo+? ro^.ng cu?a ba'c tu+` Mi`nh ra Nguo+`i (quy' mi`nh -> quy'
> nguo+`i, quy' cu?a mi`nh -> quy' cu?a nguo+`i) ta.m cho la` ddu'ng o+?
> bi`nh die^.n ly' thuye^'t ddi, nhu+ng kho^ng the^? a'p du.ng ca'i co^ng
> thu+'c tru+`u tuo+.ng na`y va`o thu+.c te^' ne^'u kho^ng co' nhu+~ng
> "gia?i pha'p ky~ thua^.t" ddi ke`m. Ca'i _ca'ch_ ye^u mi`nh co' the^?
> kha'c ha(?n , tha^.m chi' ddo^'i nghi.ch vo+'i ca'i ca'ch ye^u nguo+`i.
> To^i ddang no'i va^'n dde^` ky~ thua^.t, ba'c la.i tre`o sang ma(.t ly'
> thuye^'t, bu+ng nguye^n xi ca'i gia?i pha'p ky~ thua^.t cu?a to^i qua
> ddo', coi nhu+ la` mo^.t ly' thuye^'t dda~ dduo+.c tru+`u tuo+.ng hoa'.
> 

To^i tuy ho.c ly' thuye^'t suo^ng, nhu+ng to^i ra^'t thi'ch "tri ha`nh
ho+.p nha^'t" ddo' ba'c\. To^i kho^ng chi? "tri", hay chi? "ha`nh" ma`
"tri" va` "ha`nh" pha?i la` 1 ddo' ba'c\. To^i ra^'t thi'ch ca^u no'i
trong Kinh Di.ch "tri chi' chi' chi, tri chung chung chi", co' nghi~a
la` "bie^'t ddie^`u ro^'t ra'o thi` la`m dde^'n ddie^`u ro^'t ra'o,
bie^'t dde^'n cu`ng cu+.c thi` la`m dde^'n cu`ng cu+.c". Do ddo'
ma` to^i cu+' nghi~ ve^`  cha me. anh chi. em cu?a mi`nh tru+o+'c
khi to^i nghi~ dde^'n nu+o+'c, dde^'n da^n ddo' ba'c\. Ma` nghi~
dde^'n cha me. ... thi` pha?i lo ddu+o+.c ca'i tha^n mi`nh dda~\.
Chu+' cu+' gia? nhu+ to^i kho^' ra'ch a'o o^m, ca'i tha^n mi`nh
lo kho^ng no^?i va^.y la`m sao ma` lo cho ngu+o+`i tha^n 
ddu+o+.c ? Gia ddi`nh to^i ma` to^i kho^ng lo ddu+o+.c, sao to^i
lo ddu+o+.c cho  ngu+o+`i ha`ng xu+' ?

To^i bie^'t co' ba'c co' nhie^`u nhie^.t huye^'t, thi'ch quan ta^m
dde^'n thie^n ha. ho+n ca? ba?n tha^n mi`nh va` nghi~ ra(`ng
xa~ ho^.i tie^'n thi` nha` mi`nh cu~ng tie^'n, "nu+o+'c no^?i
lo chi be`o cha(?ng no^?i". Nhu+ng ddo^i khi cha? bie^'t co'
tha^.t ngu+o+`i ta vi` xa~ ho^.i kho^ng hay la.i chi'nh vi`
ba?n tha^n cu?a ngu+o+`i ta nhu+ng ddu+o+.c che dda^.y ba(`ng
my~ tu+` va` kha^?u hie^.u ro^~ng tue^'ch\.

Chuye^.n cha^n, gia? la` chuye^.n vo^ cu`ng, pha?i kho^ng ba'c
Ho^`ng La^m ?

Cheers,

Tra^`n Minh Tie^'n