Thu+o+?ng thu+'c tho+ (fwd)

[AnHai Doan <anhai@cs.washington.edu>]

>From VHNT:

                             Thu+o+?ng Thu+'c Tho+  

                                  Kha?i Minh
					 
					 
Mo^.t ba`i tho+ ddu+o+.c ca^'u tru'c ba(`ng the^? va` khi'. Trong pha^`n
the^?, chu'ng ta co' nhu+~ng ca'i vo^ nghi~a cu?a va^`n ddie^.u\. Trong
pha^`n khi', ca?m quan pha't tie^'t hay sie^u nghi~a xua^'t hie^.n dda^y
ddo'. Hai pha^`n the^? va` khi' na`y ta.o su+. so^'ng va` pha't sinh hi`nh
tu+o+.ng tho+ no+i mo^~i ngu+o+`i\. 

Ngu+o+`i thu+o+?ng thu+'c tho+ la` ngu+o+`i bie^'t lo.c lu+.a pha^`n khi'
tho+ va` nhi`n ra nhu+~ng ca'i vo^ nghi~a, ca'i sa'o, ca'i ma'y mo'c cu?a
ngo^n ngu+~ nha.c. Thi' du. trong the^? Lu.c ba't, chu'ng ta pha?i bie^'t
cho^~ na`o la` khi', tie^'ng na`o la` nha.c, tu+` na`o la` va(n dde^?
nha^.n die^.n tho+\. 

Ca'ch thu+o+?ng thu+'c tho+ na`y kho^ng mo+'i la., chu'ng ta co' the^?
lie^.t ke^ mo^.t va`i tru+o+`ng ho+.p sau: 

1. Nhu+~ng ba`i di.ch the^? tho+ DDu+o+`ng sang the^? Vie^.t nhu+ Lu.c
ba't, song tha^'t. Ca'ch thu+o+?ng thu+'c na`y dda~ bie^'n ddo^?i ha(?n
ca'i ca^'u tru'c ngo^n tu+` nguye^n thu?y cu?a ba`i tho+ dde^? chuye^?n
ca'i khi', ca'i ho^`n va`o chu'ng ta\. T hi' du. nhu+ tru+o+`ng ho+.p
DDoa`n Thi. DDie^?m chuye^?n Chinh Phu. Nga^m cu?a DDa(.ng Tra^`n Co^n
tu+` Ha'n sang No^m, tu+` ca'ch ca^'u tru'c pho'ng khoa'ng sang the^? Song
Tha^'t Lu.c Ba't. Va^'n dde^` o+? dda^y la` khai trie^?n pha^`n khi' cu?a
tho+\. 

 To^i nghi~ ta'c pha^?m tie^u bie^?u va(n ho'a Vie^.t na`y dda~ ddu+o+.c
chuye^?n di.ch ba(`ng ddu? mo.i ca'ch, mo.i the^? nhu+ng to^`n ta.i
ddu+o+.c ba?n cu?a DDoa`n Thi. DDie^?m mo^.t pha^`n do ca'i khi' cu?a
Chinh Phu. Nga^m ddu? ma.nh dde^? la^'p ddi mo.i gu+o+.ng e'p cha('p no^'i
giu+~a Ha'n va` No^m. Ca'i ho^`n va(n chu+o+ng quan tro.ng ho+n ngo^n
ngu+~ va(n ba?n. Thu+o+?ng thu+'c tho+ la` thu+o+?ng thu+'c khi' tho+\.
Khi' se~ e'p chu'ng ta thay ddo^?i ca^'u tru'c ngo^n ngu+~ nhu+ the^m
bo+'t so^' t ie^'ng, thay ddo^?i nha.c ddie^.u dde^? tho+ so^'ng ddo^.ng
theo chu'ng ta\. 

2. Nhu+~ng ba`i ca dao tu.c ngu+~ hay nhu+~ng ba?n nha.c, ddoa.n tho+
ddu+o+.c thay lo+`i, nha.i nghi~a\.

3. Nhu+~ng tru+o+`ng ho+.p tho+ pho^? nha.c. Ngu+o+`i nha.c si~ thu+o+?ng
thu+'c tho+ theo thanh ddie^.u cu?a ho.. Ho. thay ddo^?i va(n ba?n cho^~
na`y, su+?a a^m sa('c cho^~ kia dde^? khi' tho+ thoa't ra ba(`ng nha.c. 

4. Nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i vie^'t tho+ xuo^i vi` muo^'n loa.i bo? a'm a?nh ca'i
vo^ nghi~a, sa'o nha`m cu?a va^`n ddie^.u\.

5. Ca'ch khai trie^?n khi' tho+: dde^? khi' tho+ ta.o hu+'ng va(n chu+o+ng
tru+.c tie^'p la`m sinh so^i ngo^n ngu+~ nha.c ddie^.u cho ba`i tho+\.
DDa^y la` ca'ch thu+o+?ng thu+'c pho'ng khoa'ng va` co' ve? ha`o hu+'ng
nha^'t. Thi' du. ba`i "Nga^`n Xua^n" sau: 

I\.

DDe^m 30 te^'t
nga.n xua^n ngu+o+`i que^ qua'n ti'ch xa
the^? tho+ lo`ng me. ti`nh cha
mo^.t va'ch dde^m cuo^`ng tu+o+i ky' u+'c
ma('t ke? nho+' nha`

Xua^n trang tra?i canh tru+o+`ng nu+o+ng la.c
bo'ng giao thu+`a va^'y kho^? he.n nhau
lo`ng co^ qua.nh
gio.t xua^n vo^ thu+'c vo.ng ve^` dda^u\?

Hoa no+?
cuo^'ng tho+? ngu+o+`i ke'n bu+o+'m sang xua^n
ho^`i hu+o+ng 
lo+~ la.c kie^'p vui buo^`n
Ho^`n tra^`n tra^`n Thu+o+.ng DDe^'
xa que^\.

II\.


DDe^m 30
Lu+o+.ng xua^n ngu+o+`i cuo^`ng tu+o+i ky' u+'c
dde^m tru+` ti.ch kho^? qua'n mu` que^
nho'i nhu+'c
ma('t ke? nho+' nha`

lo`ng me. ti`nh cha nga`y tho+ a^'y
dde^m 30 tru+o+`ng tru+o+`ng lu+u la.c
kha'ch giao thu+`a
hoa no+?
xua^n tu+` ta^m nho+'
mo^.t chuo^~i hi`nh ha`i
xa que^\.

Chu'ng ta tha^'y ddoa.n thu+' II chi? khai trie^?n tu` ddoa.n I\. Ca'ch
thu+o+?ng thu+'c pho'ng khoa'ng na`y se~ ta.o cho khi' tho+ mo.i ddie^`u
kie^.n ddi va`o ngo~ nga'ch cu?a ta^m ho^`n mo^~i ngu+o+`i\. 

Kha?i Minh
Montreal, Canada