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Re: Micro-Macro
Hi ba'c La^m et al.:
Cha`o ba'c La^m, ba'c dda~ ho?i thi` to^i xin thu*a.
Micro, macro! kho' tha^.t!
Theo to^i, ra^'t kho' ta'ch ba.ch 2 pha.m tru` nhu* tra('ng vo*'i dden
ddu*o*.c!
Thoa.t nghe co' ve^/ vo^ ly' vi` mo^.t ca'i lo*'n mo^.t ca'i nho? ma` .
Tuy nhie^n lo*'n hay nho? tuy` theo ng` nha^.n ddi.nh .
Ne^'u ai ho?i to^i qua? dda^'t na`y lo*'n hay nho? ? Macro hay Micro ?
To^i co' the^? tra? lo*`i ca? hai : Macro;ddo^'i vo*'i to^i hoa(.c ba'c
vi` chu'ng ta nhu* nhu*~ng ha.t bu.i ba'm tre^n qua? ca^`u (tra'i
dda^'t)na`y! Tuy nhie^n qua? dda^'t la` micro vi` no' chi? la` ha.t bu.i
trong muo^n va`n ha`nh tinh trong vu~ tru. chu'ng ta ddang so^'ng!
DDa^'y,Ba'c ddi.nh nghi~a cho to^i micro va` Macro ddu*o*.c minh ba.ch
thi` ta co' the^? ddi xa ho*n.
Trong ho'a ho.c hay vi sinh va^.t..... muo^'n hie^?u Molecule hoa(.c 1
con vi khua^?n hay con Virus -sie^u vi khua^?n- cha(?ng ha.n, chu*a co'
ai co' the^? nghie^n cu*'u ddo*n le? tu*`ng ca' the^? molecule hoa(.c 1
con vi khua^?n ddu*o*.c . Nhu*~ng ke^'t qua? ta co' ddu*o*.c la` su*.
nghie^n cu*'u cu?a mo^t NHO'M (group) molecule (pha^n tu*? ?) hoa(.c vi
sinh DDO^`NG LOA.I. Ke^'t qu?a ga(.t ha'i ddu*o*.c la` tri. so^' trung
bi`nh cu?a nho'm.
Ne^'u no'i dde^'n ca'c ca^'u tru'c cao ho*n nhu* DNA, te^' ba`o, mo^.t
co* the^? sinh va^t...... thi` la.i ca`ng phu*'c ta.p ho*n vi` ca'i
to^?ng the^? na`y la.i la`(bao go^`m) to^?ng the^? cu?a ca'c to^?ng
the^? kha'c nho? ho*n. Thi' du. nhu* To^?ng the^? vu~ tru. go^`m ca'c
to^?ng the^? nga^n ha`,tha'i du*o*ng he^., mo^.t to^?ng the^? tha'i
du*o*ng he^. bao go^`m nhie^`u ha`nh tinh, trong ddo' co' tra'i dda^'t,
ta.i tra'i dda^'t co' du? thu*' tre^n a^'y, co' ba'c va` to^i
etc....Trong to^i co' nhu*~ng ca^'u ta.o to^?ng the^? cu?a ca'c bo^.
pha^.n, co* quan, trong mo^~i bo^. pha^.n co' te^' ba`o........mo^~i
nguye^n tu*? co' nucleus va` ca'c ta^`ng ddie^.n tu*? bay quanh...
Hie^.n nay tha`nh pha^`n ca^'u tao nguye^n tu*? co`n co' pha^`n ngu*o*`i
ta chu*a bie^'t he^'t...... Vi` chu*a bie^'t he^'t ne^n to^i chiu. ;
dda`nh cho*` tu*o*ng lai dde^? co' ca^u tra? lo*`i va^.y .
To'm la.i to^i tha^'y ra^'t kho' ma` pha^n la`m hai tru*o*`ng pha'i ro~
ra`ng la('m!!!! To^i theo trie^'t ly' xu*a to^i nghi~ co' the^? va.n
va^.t ddo^`ng nguye^n ? Nga`y nay Co' ngu*o*`i ba?o dda^'y la` thuye^'t
ho^.i tu. . Theo to^i: Chu*~ thi` mo*'i nhu*ng va.n va^.t ddo^`ng
nguye^n thi` ca'c cu. ta dda~ bie^'t kha' xu*a ro^`i .
Ba'c nghi~ sao, va`i lo*`i ba`n tho^ so* nha^n ddo.c ca^u ho?i cu?a
ba'c .
Regards
DQ
_______________________________________
>Hi folks,
>
>To^i muo^'n tham kha?o kinh nghie^.m cu?a ca'c ba'c o+? mo.i discipline
>ve^` ca'i ta.m go.i la` multilevel analysis na`y. Mong ca'c ba'c bo?
chu't
>thi` gio+` ta'n vo+'i tui mo^.t chu't.
>
>DDa.i lo.ai co' hai truo+`ng pha'i:
>
>1- methodological individualism: gia?i thi'ch mo.i phenomena o+? macro
(or
>collective, or global) level ba(`ng ca'ch pha^n ti'ch o+? micro
>(or individual, or local) level ru`i qua transformation (aggregation
>rules) ma` chuye^?n le^n macro level.
>Vi' du.: muo^'n gia?i thi'ch ca'c hie^.n tuo+.ng cu?a mo^.t cha^.u
nuo+'c
>thi` pha?i xem ca'c pha^n tu?+ nuo+'c cho+i bo+`i la`m vie^.c ra sao,
sau
>ddo' du`ng mo^.t phe'p toa'n na`o ddo' ma` aggregate ca'i ke^'t qu?a
o+?
>ta^`ng micro le^n ta^`ng macro.
>
>Hoa(.c muo^'n gia?i thi'ch ca'c hie^.n tuo+.ng xa~ ho^.i thi` pha?i
do`m
>ky~ xem tu+`ng ca' nha^n la`m gi`.
>
>Nhu+ va^.y independent variables must be on micro (individual) level,
>trong khi dependent varibles are on the macro one.
>
>2- methodological collectivism: gia?i thi'ch ca'c phenomena o+? macro
>level ma` kho^ng ca^`n bie^'t gi` ve^` chuzye^.n xa?y ra o+? micro
level.
>
>O+? dda^y, ca? independent va` dependent variables dde^`u na(`m o+?
macro
>level.
>
>No'i cho hi`nh tuo+.ng thi` la` "Mo^.t to^?ng the^? thi` nhie^`u ho+n
>to^?ng ca'c pha^`n tu+? cu?a no'". Hoa(.c "Ba^'t ke^? ca'c particles
o+?
>micro level la`m gi`, ta^`ng macro tua^n theo nhu+~ng quy lua^.t rie^ng
>cu?a no'".
>
>Ta^'t nhie^n va^~n bie^'t cuo^.c tranh lua^.n giu+~a hai truo+`ng pha'i
>no'i tre^n thuo^.c pha.m vi trie^'t ho.c, tu+'c la` ca~i ca? ddo+`i
kho^ng
>nga~ ngu~. Tuy nhie^n tui muo^'n nghe kinh nghie^.m cu?a ca'c ba'c o+?
>mo.i discipline vi` thu+.c ra ca? 2 truo+`ng pha'i dde^`u co' nhu+~ng
u+u
>va` nhuo+.c ddie^?m rie^ng.
>
>Va^.y tui muo^'n bie^'t trong truo+`ng ho+.p na`o thi` truo+`ng pha'i
na`o
>hay cu~ng nhu+ do+?, va` 2 anh ba.n na`y co' the^? co^.ng ta'c la`m a(n
ra
>sao. Hoa(.c co' ca'ch gi` dde^? vuo+.t qua ca'i dilemma na`y kho^ng?
>
>Mong ca'c ba'c giu'p, ca?m o+n ca'c ba'c nhie^`u.
>
>La^m
>
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