Va`i y' kie^'n ve^` lo+`i no'i

[Alexander H L Vu <vuh000@mail.Uni-Mainz.DE>]

Hello ca'c ba'c,

DDe^? ra ve? ho.c gia? (kho^ng tha^.t), tui tri'ch Tha'nh Kinh cho no'
oai: "In the beginning is the Word. The Word is with God. And the Word is
God." (tui nho+' mang ma'ng nhu+ the^')

The^' nghi~a la` lo+`i no'i to la('m pha?i không ca'c ba'c. Cu+' theo
Tha'nh KInh thi` lo+́ no'i to ngang chu'a tro+`i. Ca'c cu. nha`
ta co`n co' ca^u: "Chu+?i cha kho^ng ba(`ng pha tie^'ng". Ca^u na`y hie^?u
theo nghi~a "dda ta^`ng" thi`nghi~a la` tie^'ng no'i co`n quan tro.ng ho+n
ca? cha me. :-)))

Ba^y chu+` vo^ dde^`.

Da.o na`y la`ng ta ca'c ba'c hay ba('t be? nhau chuye.^n lo+́ a(n tie^'ng
no'i cu?a nhau. Co' the^? hie^?u la` chu'ng ta da.y nhau ca'ch "lu+.a
lo+`i ma` no'i cho vu+`a lo`ng nhau". Xin tra^n tro.ng ta^'m lo`ng a^'y.

O+? dda^y tui chi? xin ne^u va`i y' kie^'n nhi`n tu+` mo^.t go'c ddo^.
kha'c.

Du+.a tre^n ca'i ly' gi` dde^? chu'ng ta phe^ nhau "anh no'i the^' kho^ng
dduo+.c"? Tu+.u trung la` ca'i ly' ve^` dda.o ddu+'c: "Anh no'i nhu+ the^'
chu+'ng to? anh kho^ng to^n tro.ng nguo+`i na`y nguo+`i no.".

Trong ca'i ly' na`y co' ba ca'i "gap", tu+'c la` ba ca'i "ho^'" ma` so+.i
da^y ly' le~ pha?i nha?y qua chu+' kho^ng la(n tuo^`n tuo^.t dduo+.c.

The first gap na(`m trong chu+~ "chu+'ng to?". La`m sao dde^? bie^'t mo^.t
lo+`i no'i "chu+'ng to?" mo^.t tha'i ddo^.?

Pha^`n nhie^`u mo^~i nguo+`i chu'ng ta va^~n ga'n cho mo^.t tu+` ngu+~
mo^.t ha`m nghi~a na`o ddo', ha`m nghi~a na`y ga('n vo+'i mo^.t sinh ca?nh
ma` tu+` ngu+~ kia thuo+`ng dduo+.c du`ng nha^'t. Hie^.n tuo+.ng na`y co'
the^? go.i la` association. Cha(?ng ha.n tui go.i ai ba(`ng "o^ng" thi`
ba.n cho ra(`ng tui ki'nh tro.ng nguo+`i ddo'. Nhu+ng khi tui go.i ai
ba(`ng "tha(`ng" thi` ba.n cho ra(`ng tui khinh bi? nguo+`i ddo'.

Tuy nhie^n phuo+ng pha'p association na`y kho^ng pha?i la` mo^.t phuo+ng
pha'p to^'t (tuy la` mo^.t phuo+ng pha'p "bi`nh da^n" dduo+.c dda so^'
su+? du.ng) dde^? truy ti`m mo^.t tha'i ddo^. dda(`ng sau mo^.t lo+`i
no'i. Ly' do bo+?i vi` phuo+ng pha'p ddo' focus va`o mo^.t context ma`
nguo+`i nghe thuo+`ng ga(.p nha^'t hoa(.c cho la` tho^ng thuo+`ng nha^'t.
Do ti'nh focus ma` no' bo? qua nhu+~ng context kha? di~ kha'c. Cha(?ng
ha.n ne^'u tho^ng thuo+`ng tui vo+'i ba'c XYZ go.i nhau ba(`ng ma`y tao,
ma` ho^m tay tui quay ra go.i ba(`ng o^ng thi` kho^ng pha?i tui to? y'
ki'nh tro.ng gi`. Hoa(.c tui vo+'i ba'c XYZ cho+i tha^n thi` khi tui go.i
ba'c ta ba(`ng tha(`ng kho^ng he^` chu+'ng to? tui khinh bi? ba'c ta.

Nhu+ va^.y dde^? kho+'p dduo+.c mo^.t lo+`i no'i vo+'i mo^.t tha'i ddo^.,
dde^? bie^'t mo^.t ca'ch ddi'ch xa'c mo^.t lo+`i no'i chu+'ng to? mo^.t
tha'i ddo^. gi` thi` ta pha?i nhe't dduo+.c ca'i context xa'c dda'ng va`o
ca'i text.

Va^'n dde^` ba^y gio+` chuye^?n sang ti`m hie^?u ca'i accurate context
cu?a mo^.t lo+`i no'i hay ba`i no'i. Mo^.t ba`i no'i o+? dda^y la` ba`i
no'i cu?a mo^.t nguo+`i cho mo^.t co^ng chu'ng. O+? dda^y la.i xua^'t
hie^.n hai ca'i gap mo+'i. (Tha^.t ra co`n ra^'t nhie^`u ca'i gap nhu+ng
tui chi? dde^` ca^.p hai ca'i co+ ba?n).

The second gap na(`m trong mo^'i quan he^. giu+~a nguo+`i no'i va` co^ng
chu'ng nhu+ nguo+`i ddo' nghi~. Cha(?ng ha.n ne^'u tui nghi~ VNSA la` no+i
tui dda~ "no'i phe't" suo^'t hai na(m nay vo+'i bao ba'c dda~ tha`nh quen,
tui co' the^? no'i na(ng bo^~ ba~, du`ng tu+` suo^`ng sa~ dde^? chu+'ng
to? ca'i mo^'i quan he^. co' pha^`n xue^` xoa`, "intim" giu+~a tui vo+'i
ca'c ba'c. Khi ddo' mo^.t ba'c assume ra(`ng VNSA la` mo^.t no*i co^ng
co^.ng nhu+ tre^n ... die^~n dda`n quo^'c ho^.i se~ pha?i nha(n ma(.t
tu+'c gia^.n khi nghe nhu+~ng lo+`i suo^`ng sa~ bo^~ ba~ cu?a tui. Nhu+ng
ne^'u ba'c kia la^'y ca'i context "die^~n dda`n quo^'c ho^.i" ra e'p cho
tui dde^? nghi~ ra(`ng tui coi khinh audience thi` la.i la` sai vi` thu+.c
cha^'t tui kho^ng hê` co' ca'i ta^m a^'y. Ca'i ta^m a^'y kho^ng pha?i cu?a
tui ma` do ba'c kia nghi~ ra vi` dda~ dda(.t sai context.

The third gap na(`m trong mo^'i quan he^. giu+~a nguo+`i no'i va`
vocabulary cu?a nguo+`i ddo'. Cha(?ng ha.n nhu+ ddo^'i vo+'i VNSA chu+~
"ba'c" nghe ra^'t bi`nh thuo+`ng, tha^.m chi' nghe tha^'y thi'ch. Nhu+ng
ba'c XYZ la.i ra^'t ghe't chu+~ "ba'c" (God knows why). The^' la` khi nghe
tui mo+? mo^`m no'i "ba'c" la` ba'c XYZ kia dda~ co' the^? no^?i khu`ng,
ba'c XYZ ca?m tha^'y bi. xu'c pha.m ma(.c du` tui kho^ng he^` co' y' a^'y,
nguo+.c la.i tui muo^'n ba`y to? thie^.n chi' vo+'i ba'c XYZ.

La`m sao vo+'i ba ca'i gap na`y dda^y ? Chi? co' ca'ch duy nha^'t la`
bi`nh ti~nh va` khoan dung.

Bi`nh ti~nh ti`m hie^?u ca'c mo^'i quan he^. giu~a nguo+`i no'i vo+'i
audience nhu+ nguo+`i ddo' thuo+`ng nghi~, mo^'i quan he^. giu+~a nguo+`i
no'i va` vo^'n tu+` cu?a nguo+`i a^'y, mo^'i quan he^. giu+~a lo+`i no'i
cu?a nguo+`i a^'y vo+'i tha'i ddô. cu?a nguo+`i a^'y. Ca? ba mo^'i quan
he^. na`y dde^`u kho^ng co' co^ng thu+'c chung , ma` kha'c nhau tu`y
nguo+`i. Do ddo' pha?i bi`nh ti~nh ti`m hie^?u, kho^ng the^? ho^` ddo^`
assume mo^.t công thu+'c ma` mi`nh cho la` "ddu'ng qua'" va`o mo^.t
truo+`ng ho+.p cu. the^?.

Khoan dung dde^? co' the^? cha^'p nha^.n nhu+~ng lo^'i no'i nguo+.c lo^~
tai cu?a mi`nh nhu+ng lo.t lo^~ tai cu?a ba.n. Kho^ng ai co' ddo^.c
quye^`n ve^` y' nghi~a cu?a lo+`i no'i. Y' nghi~a cu?a lo+`i no'i la` sa?n
pha^?m cu?a mo^.t qua' tri`nh ma` mo^~i chu'ng ta dde^`u tham gia ddo^`ng 
sa'ng ta.o: Ne^'u dda~ la` ddo^`ng sa'ng ta.o thi` ai cu~ng co' quye^`n
sa'ng ta.o ra mo^.t y' nghi~a mo+'i cho mo^.t tu+` ngu+~ dda~ co' sa(~n.
Ta kho^ng ne^n ca? gia^.n khi nghe nguo+`i kha'c no'i nghi.ch nhi~ mi`nh.
Ngo^n ngu+~ luo^n luo^n bie^'n ddo^?i va` co' su+. bie^'n ddo^?i cu?a
ngo^n ngu~ la` nho+` nhu~ng sa'ng ta.o ca' nha^n. Chi'nh nhu+~ng sa'ng
ta.o ve^` y' nghi~a la`m ne^n su+. so^'ng cu?a ngo^n ngu+~. Kho^ng ne^n
qua' ca^u ne^. ve^` lo+`i no'i, la`m nhu+ the^' chi? khie^'n ngo^n ngu~
cu?a chu'ng ta tha`nh ra xo+ cu+'ng, tha`nh ngo^n ngu+~ che^'t.

Tre^n dda^y di~ nhie^n chi? la` va`i y' kie^'n chu? quan cu?a tui. Ra^'t
mong dduo+.c ca'c ba'c phe^bi`nh.

:-) L^m

"The best way to win the definitive battle is to leave more offspring
than your enemy"         ( http://vuhonglam.virtualave.net )

"Men are born ignorant, not stupid; they are made stupid by education."
- Bertrand Russell