Re: Lu+o+ng na(ng bi`nh da^n - Alan Sokal

[Aiviet Nguyen <aiviet2@yahoo.com>]

Hi L^m,

  Ddo^`ng chi' no'i linh tinh gi` the^'. Ai ba?o lu+o+ng na(ng bi`nh
da^n du`ng la`m phu+o+ng pha'p khoa ho.c ( Thu+.c ra thi` ddo^`ng chi'
hay du`ng lu+o+ng na(ng bi`nh da^n dde^? no'i chuye^.n khoa ho.c bi.
to+' ne^.n cho ma~i ru`i).

  Lu+o+ng na(ng bi`nh da^n chi? co' nghi~a "ca?nh ba'o" tho^i. Khi
ca?nh ba'o thi` du`ng chuo^ng mo~, ga^.y go^.c gi` cu~ng du+o+.c. Sokal
hay anh Pho' mo^.c ddu+a ra ly' lua^.n gi` kho^ng quan tro.ng. Tay na`o
muo^'n ddo.c Sokal dde^? ti`m ra no^.i dung la` do^'t.

  To+' chi? test Sokal va` ba'c Pho' Mo^.c theo y' nghi~a context
tho^i. Lie^.u bo.n Post modernists hoa(.c anh cha`ng hay chu+~ kia co'
va^'n dde^` hay kho^ng. Ne^'u kho^ng co' va^'n dde^` thi` ba'c Pho'
Mo^.c va` Sokal dde^`u vao so.t ra'c. Ne^'u co' va^'n dde^` thi` ta
pha?i co' professional methods dde^? do.n
bo.n kia ( cho du` chu'ng co' la` ai Feyerabend hay ddu+o+.c bo^' vo+.
u?ng ho^.)

   Vai tro` cu?a ba'c Pho' sau khi o^ng bo^' vo+. ti?nh ngo^. la`
he^'t. Ba'c Pho' tro+? ve^` ddo'ng Co^'i, Sokal ve^` la`m Physics,
chu+' ba'c Pho' Co^'i tie^'p tu.c la`m chu+~ nghi~a, Sokal ddi la`m
ve^` TH hay KHXH mo+'i la` ho?ng.

   Va^.y nhu+~ng thuye^'t ly' cu?a chu' ve^` gia' tri. khoa ho.c cu?a
"tro+`i sinh ra the^'" la` ho?ng. Tro+`i sinh ra the^' la` ly' lua^.n
cha^`y co^'i. Y' nghi~a ly' lua^.n cu?a ba'c pho' mo^.c la` o+? cho^~
"con e^'ch co^? dda^u...me. chu' ai dda'nh ma` nu+'t". Co`n tro+`i sinh
ra the^' cha(?ng qua "chu' chu+~ nghi~a nhie^`u the^' ma` cha(?ng a(n
ddu+'t ddu+o+.c cha^`y co^'i cu?a to^i", "to^i kho^ng bie^'t ly' lua^.n
cu?a chu', ca'i gi` to^i test ddu+o+.c thi` bie^'t la` chu' no'i la'o".

  LNBD la` va^.y dda^'y. Thu+.c ra trong khoa ho.c cu~ng co' nhu+~ng
ngu+o+`i ca?nh ba'o chu+' kho^ng pha?i chi? tu+` gio+'i bi`nh da^n. 

Cheers
Aiviet
   

--- Alexander H L Vu <vuh000@mail.Uni-Mainz.DE> wrote:
> Ba'c Vie^.t la` ke? thu` kho^ng ddo^.i tro+`i chung
> cu?a tui. Va^.y ho^m
> nay tui se~ bu.p cho ca'i luo+ng na(ng bi`nh da^n
> mo^.t tra^.n.
> 
> Ba^y gio+` ta ha~y nho+' la.i hai anh "la('m chu+~"
> va` "pho' mo^.c" no'i
> gi`. Ca'c ba'c dde^? y' la` anh PM ga(.p ca'i gi`
> cu~ng chi? co' mo^.t
> lo+`i gia?i thi'ch "tro+`i sinh ra the^'". Mo^.t hay
> nhie^`u kho^ng tha`nh
> va^'n dde^` o+? dda^y ma` ca'i chi'nh la` ca'c lo+`i
> gia?i thi'ch cu?a anh
> PM thuo^.c loa.i untestable, non-falsifiable.
> Nguo+.c la.i ca'c lo+`i
> gia?i thi'ch cu?a anh LC cho phe'p la`m phe'p thu+?
> va` co' kha? na(ng
> sai. Thu+.c su+. ba'c PM dda~ la`m phe'p falsify
> ca'c gia?i thi'ch cu?a
> anh LC. Theo tie^u chua^?n cu?a critical rationalism
> (Popper) mo^.t gia?i
> thi'ch go.i la` khoa ho.c pha?i la` mo^.t gia?i
> thi'ch testable va`
> falsifiable. Gia?i thi'ch na`o "ra`o ki'n" dde^'n
> no^~i kho^ng the^? sai
> (kie^?u "tro+`i sinh ra the^'") thi`kho^ng the^?
> go.i la`gia?i thi'ch khoa
> ho.c dduo+.c, tu+'c vo^ gia' tri. ve^` ma(.t khoa
> ho.c. Quan ddie^?m na`y
> hie^.n nay va^~n co`n ra^'t thi.nh ha`nh va`dduo+.c
> ca'c nha` khoa ho.c
> tu+. nhie^n no'i chung cu~ng nhu+ ra^'t nhie^`u nha`
> KHXH cha^'p nha^.n.
> (Chi'nh bo.n bi. Sokal chu+?i la`bo.n co' le~ kho^ng
> cha^'p nha^.n ma^'y
> tie^u chua^?n na`y).
> 
> Tre^n thu+.c te^' li.ch su+? khoa hoc. la` su+. thay
> the^' ca'c gia?i
> thi'ch dda~ bi. tha^'y la` sai (falsified) ba(`ng
> nhu+~ng gia? thuye^'t
> mo+'i, chu+a bi. tha^'y la` sai. Tuy nhie^n, mo^.t
> gia? thuye^'t chu+a sai
> kho^ng nha^'t thie^'t co' nghi~a la` no' ddu'ng.
> Mo^.t nga`y kia no' va^~n
> co' the^? sai. Muo^'n bie^'t mo^.t gia? thuye^'t sai
> hay kho^ng thi` pha?i
> la`m thu+? nghie^.m tu+'c la` cho no' ddo^'i dda^` u
> vo+'i thu+.c te^' va`
> gia? thuye^'t kia pha?i duo+.c formulated sao cho
> co' the^? ba'c bo?
> dduo+.c. (DDa^y la` quan ddie^?m cu?a Popper, ve^`
> sau Lakatos co' quan
> ddie^?m kha'c). DDe^? ddo^'i pho' vo+'i tie^u
> chua^?n na`y, ta thuo+ü`ng
> du`ng phuo+ng pha'p la`m tha^.t nhie^`u thi'
> nhghie^.m (co' the^? thought
> experiment) dde^? mong la`m gia?m xa'c sua^'t sai
> cu?a gia? thuye^'t
> ru't ra. Tuy nhie^n ta kho^ng bao gio+` dda.t
> dduo+.c nhu+ ca^u cuo^'i
> cu`ng cu?a o^ng bo^' vo+., ra(`ng pha?i bie^'t cho
> he^'t ru`i ha(~ng no'i.
> Kho^ng bao gio+` ta bie^'t he^'t dduo+.c. Ma(.t
> kha'c kho^ng pha?i he^~
> bie^'t nhie^`u ho+n thi` no'i ddu'ng ho+n. O+? dda^y
> chi? co' mo^.t quy
> lua^.t tho^'ng ke^, tu+'c la`bie^'t nhie^`u (hie^?u
> la` co' kie^?m
> nghie^.m nhie^` u truo+`ng ho+.p ) thi` _xa'c
> sua^'t_ sai se~ nho? Nhu+ng
> mo^.t nguo+`i na(`m mo+ va^~n co' the^? ra cha^n ly'
> ma`mo^.t nguo+`i ca?
> ddo+`i ddo.c sa'ch va^~n co' the^? kho^ng ti`m ra
> dduo+.c su+. tha^.t.
> 
> Anh LC pha'n sai kho^ng co' gi`dda'ng che^, khoa
> ho.c pha?i co' sai thi`
> mo+'i co' tie^'n bo^. Anh PM cho+i ba`i cu`n ddu+a
> ra toa`n lo+`i gia?i
> thi'ch kho^ng the^? sai, vo+'i nhu+~ng lo+`i gia?i
> thi'ch kie^?u ddo' khoa
> ho.c chi? co' da^~m cha^n ta.i cho^~. (Ta^'t nhie^n
> ve^` sau anh PM cu~ng
> la`m duo+.c vie^c. to^'t cho khoa hoc. la` ch? ra
> cho^~ sai cu?a anh LC)
> 
> Qua vi' du. na`y ta tha^'y: Luo+ng na(ng bi`nh da^n
> kho^ng the^? du`ng
> la`m phuo+ng pha'p khoa ho.c. (Ta^'t nhie^n LNBD co'
> the^? du`ng la`m
> ddie^?m kho+?i dda^`u cho phuo+ng pha'p khoa ho.c)
> 
> Lam
> PS: ba'c na`o muo^'n dda`o sa^u ho+n va^'n dde^`
> na`y co' the^? ti`m ddo.c
> pha^`n Two faces of common sense trong Objective
> Knowledge cu?a Karl
> Popper.
> 
> 

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