Re: to ba'c Hoa` Re: Ca'c loa.i "qua' khi'ch"

["Hoa Nguyen" <thanhhuy@email.msn.com>]

Hi ba'c An Hai,

>Ha^`u nhu+ ta^'t ca? ca'c sa'ch ve^` ddi du li.ch VN cu?a
>My~ dde^`u co' lo+`i khuye^n la` kha'ch du li.ch kho^ng ne^n
>cho tie^`n panhandlers (ng` lo+'n, ba` gia`, tre? con,...)
>o+? VN. Ly' do la` cho mo^.t ng` thi` ca? bo.n cha.y theo
>ba'm ca? buo^?i, kha'ch du li.ch kho^ng co`n la`m gi`
>ddu+o+.c nu+~a.
>
Ba'c la.i co' la^`m la^~n ra^'t tai ha.i. Ngu+o+`i My~  ddi du li.ch o+? VN
thu+o+`ng  trong mo^.t tho+`i gian ra^'t nga('n : chi? va`i tua^`n hay ho+n
tha'ng. Ho. la.i kho^ng bie^'t gi` ve^` va(n ho'a va` phong tu.c cu?a VN,
dde^'n ddo' chi? dde^? tho?a lo`ng hie^'u ky` la` chi'nh. Dda so^' ho. co'
mu+'c hie^?u bie^'t ra^'t so+ sa`i ve^` mo.i thu+' ta.i cho^~, nha^'t la`
ddo^'i vo+'i mo^.t xa~ ho^.i tu+`ng ddo'ng ki'n ra^'t la^u nhu+ VN. Trong
khi 1 DHS dde^'n nu+o+'c My~ na`y dde^? mong dda.t ddu+o+.c mo^.t ma?nh
ba(`ng tu+` Dda.i ho.c tro+? le^n (ha^.u DH). Ddu+o+ng nhie^n DHS na`o cu~ng
dda~ chua^?n bi. dda^`y ddu? ve^` vo^'n sinh ngu+~ va` va(n ho'a cu?a
nu+o+'c ho. ddi.nh dde^'n cu+ ngu. tu+` na(m ba na(m tro+? le^n. Dda so^'
dde^`u ddo.c tho^ng tha.o sa'ch ba'o Anh ngu+~ va` co' the^? su+? du.ng
ddu+o+.c tie^'ng Anh dda`m thoa.i. Nhu+~ng ddie^`u la` so+ dda(?ng vo+'i
ba'c thi` ai cu~ng dda~ bie^'t ro^`i; ba'c tu+. cho la` i't no'i thi` no'i
ra cu~ng chi? la` thu+`a, nha^'t la` khi ba'c kho^ng no'i ro~ "lo+`i
khuye^n" cu?a ba'c la` dde^? da`nh cho nhu+~ng ai mo+'i qua My~ . No'i chung
su+. so sa'nh giu+~a du kha'ch o+? VN va` du ho.c sinh o+? My~  la` kha^.p
khe^~nh, nha^.p nha(`ng. Ba'c la.i kho^ng nha^.n ra ddie^`u na`y thi` tha^.t
la` la.
>DDo.c n~ sa'ch na`y, ngay ca? n~ quye^?n no'i ra(`ng
>"tuye^.t ddo^'i kho^ng cho tie^`n", kho^ng ai nghi~ ra(`ng
>n~ ng` vie^'t sa'ch la` thie^'u lo`ng nha^n, cu~ng kho^ng ai
>nghi~ ra(`ng ho. no'i "never" co' nghi~a la` ho. thu+.c su+.
>khuye^n nghi~a dden nhu+ the^'. Ng` ddo.c se~ hie^?u ra(`ng
>ti`nh hi`nh panhandling o+? VN ba^y gio+` la` nhu+ va^.y,
>va` rule-of-thumb dde^? cu+ xu+? la` nhu+ the^', chu+'
>kho^ng ai nghi~ la` *luo^n luo^n* pha?i la`m nhu+ the^'.
>
La.i nha^.p nha(`ng o+? cho^~ cho la` ti`nh hi`nh o+? VN ba^y gio+` la`
gio^'ng ti`nh hi`nh o+? My~ . To^i tha^'y ba'c co' ca'i nhi`n ra^'t mu` mo+`
ve^` nhie^`u thu+', va` tha^.t su+. kho^ng hie^?u sao ba'c co' nha^.n xe't
la. lu`ng dde^'n the^'. Co' le~ ba'c ne^n so a'nh ti`nh tra.ng ngu+o+i a(n
xin o+? VN vo+'i o+? A^'n ddo^. cha(?ng ha.n. Thu+? da^~n chu+'ng mo^.t
cuo^'n chi? da^~n na`o da`nh cho du kha'ch va`o nu+o+'c My~ co' lo+`i
"khuye^'n ca'o" tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+ tre^n.

>N~ sa'ch na`y kho^ng bao gio+` no'i: "dda^y chi? la`
>rule-of-thumb, vie^'t ra vi` lo cho su+. an ninh va`
>convenience cu?a ba.n. Le~ di~ nhie^n ba.n pha?i tu`y co+
>ma` cu+ xu+?, kho^ng pha?i bao gio+` cu~ng ma'y mo'c la`m
>nhu+ the^'". N~ ddie^`u na`y la` so+ dda(?ng, common sense
>ma` ng` ddo.c pha?i tu+. hie^?u la^'y.

Du kha'ch kha'c DHS nhu+ dda~ no'i. O+? dda^y tha^'y ro~ la` du` co'  ddo.c
nhie^`u loa.i sa'ch pho^? tho^ng cu~ng chu+a cha('c dda~ bie^'t chuye^.n.
>
>Tu+o+ng tu+. va^.y, khi to^i vie^'t cho ca'c ba'c DHS kha'c,
>to^i dda~ vie^'t du+.a tre^n mo^.t so^' gia? thuye^'t so+
>dda(?ng va` common sense gio^'ng nhu+ trong tru+o+`ng ho+.p
>travel books no'i tre^n.

Du kha'ch o+? VN kha'c DHS o+? My~ !!! Ba'c dda~ kho^ng no'i la` ba'c vie^'t
cho nhu+~ng ng+o+`i mo+'i qua, hay kho^ng bie^'t gi` he^'t ve^` chuye^.n
ba'c muo^'n dde^` ca^.p.

>~ gia? thuye^'t cu?a to^i la`
>chu'ng ta dde^`u bie^'t chu'ng ta ddang no'i chuye^.n
>security (va` convenience), chu+' kho^ng pha?i chuye^.n
>charity hay chuye^.n relationship; va` n~ gi` to^i no'i
>kho^ng ne^n hie^?u ma'y mo'c hoa`n toa`n theo nghi~a dden,
>chi? ne^n hie^?u la` rule-of-thumb.
>
Ly' lua^.n ba'c ra^'t buo^`n cu+o+`i co`n ngo^n ngu+~ thi` ca`ng mu` mi.t.
Ta.i sao pha?i gia?i thi'ch da`i do`ng, da`i ho+n ve^` ddie^`u ba'c dda~
vie^'t ra . Ma` ba'c co' tha^.t su+. ne^u gia? thuye^'t gi` dda^u, chuye^.n
cosmo ddu+o+.c ba`n o+? thread kha'c ma`.

>DDa^y la` n~ ddie^`u so+ dda(?ng to^'i thie^?u ma` ng` ddo.c
>pha?i hie^?u. To^i kho^ng nghi~ la` ba'c nga^y tho+ dde^'n
>mu+'c kho^ng hie^?u n~ chuye^.n ddo', dde^? hie^?u sang
>nghi~a dden, cho la` to^i ba?o ddu+`ng bao gio+` cho tie^`n,
>ro^`i suy ra la` "kho^ng co' lo`ng nha^n"...nghe ra^'t
>buo^`n cu+o+`i va` cu? chuo^'i (sorry ba'c).

To^i  tha^'y ba'c chi? cha.y vo`ng quanh va` la^.p la.i kie^?u ca'ch a(n
no'i va` ngo^n tu+` quen mie^.ng cu?a nhie^`u ngu+o+`i kha'c.

>Chi? co`n hai kha? na(ng. Mo^.t la` ba'c hie^?u chuye^.n
>nhu+ng co^' ti`nh hie^?u nha^`m dde^? cho.c ngoa'y to^i do
>ba'c dda~ co' va^'n dde^` vo+'i to^i tu+` tru+o+'c. Ne^'u
>nhu+ va^.y thi` ca'ch cho.c ngoa'y na`y do+? ho+i qua',
>kho^ng no'i la`m gi`.
>

Thu' tha^.t, to^i le^n tie^'ng vi` ca^u vie^'t mo+? dda^`u mesg cu?a ba'c
ho^m ddo'. Va` to^i co' le~ dda~ vie^'t vo+'i lo+`i le~ ma.nh nha^'t cu?a
to^i  tu+` tru+o+'c dde^'n gio+`.

>Hai la` ba'c qua? thu+.c kho^ng hie^?u n~ assumptions tre^n,
>va` hie^?u ma'y mo'c hoa`n toa`n theo nghi~a dden n~ gi`
>to^i vie^'t. Ne^'u nhu+ the^' na`y thi` to^i cu~ng pha^`n
>na`o hie^?u ddu+o+.c, vi` tha`nh tha^.t ma` no'i, to^i va^~n
>tha^'y co' mo^.t ca'i cultural gap ra^'t to giu+~a n~ ng`
>trong va` ngoa`i n'c (to^i ddang ddo^.ng dde^'n o^? ong
>dda^y).

Ba'c ne^n tu+. tra'ch la` dda~ kho^ng no'i ddu+o+.c ro~ ra`ng ma` chi? du+.a
va`o ca'c assumptions a^?n khua^'t gi` ddo', ne^'u tha^.t ra la` chi? va^.y.
Ddu+o+ng nhie^n co' ca'i  gap na`o ddo' giu+~a ba'c va` to^i ro^`i. To^i
pha?i tha`nh tha^.t ma` nha^.n nhu+ va^.y. Mo^i tru+o+`ng sinh so^'ng tu+`
nho?, ca'i gia'o du.c  ma` ba'c dda~ nha^.n dda^u co' gi` gio^'ng to^i. Ca'i
y' thu+'c he^. ma` ba'c ddu+o+.c hun ddu'c cu~ng xa la. vo+'i to^i du` ddo'
la.i kho^ng pha?i la` cultural gap, tuy ba'c muo^'n nu'p sau chu+~ "culture"
ddo'..

>No'i cho nga('n go.n thi` co`n ra^'t n` lu'c hai anh o+?
>trong n'c va` ngoa`i n'c no'i chuye^.n du+.a tre^n hai
>assumptions kha'c ha(?n nhau. Anh o+? trong n'c thu+o+`ng
>co' n~ ca'i assumptions down-to-earth ho+n, anh ngoa`i n'c
>thu+o+`ng co' n~ ca'i noble, lofty ho+n (co' le~ la` vi`
>ddu? a(n ro^`i ne^n co' tho+`i gian dde^? nghi~ chuye^.n
>noble). Cha(?ng ha.n cu`ng mo^.t chuye^.n to^i khuye^n, to^i
>va` cha('c la` pha^`n lo+'n ca'c ba'c DHS dde^`u hie^?u
>dda^y la` mo^.t chuye^.n down-to-earth, mang ti'nh security.
>Ba'c thi` la.i cu+' pha?i nhe't chuye^.n charity va`o. Kho^?
>the^'.

To^i va^~n co`n tha^'y ngu+o+`i ta vu+`a co' the^? lo chuye^.n security
vu+`a la`m ddu+o+.c vie^.c tu+` thie^.n hay co' relationship to^'t vo+'i
ngu+o+`i kha'c (tuy to^i kho^ng nghi~ cho ngu+o+`i a(n xin chu't i'ttie^`n
la` la`m vie^.c thie^.n, cha(?ng qua vi` lo`ng tra('c a^?n). Ca'i security
ma` ba'c nha^n danh no' dde^? no'i chuye^.n kho^ng khe'o se~ bie^'n campus
tha`nh tra.i li'nh hay nha` tu`.

>Anh trong n'c hay no'i chuye^.n theo nghi~a bo'ng
>ho+n, hay kho^i ha`i kie^?u gallow, black humor ho+n, hay
>no'i nu+?a ddu`a nu+?a tha^.t ho+n; anh ngoa`i n'c hay
>hie^?u mo.i chuye^.n serious ho+n, theo nghi~a dden ho+n vv
>va` vv.
>
>Tuy nhie^n, ne^'u dda~ thu+`a nha^.n co' cultural gap va`
>co' hai he^. assumptions kha'c nhau thi` khi no'i chuye^.n
>i't ra la` ba'c cu~ng ne^n ca^?n tha^.n, dda^u co' pha?i
>cu+' xo^ng ra pha'n ddu+o+.c. Nha^.p gia pha?i tu`y tu.c
>chu+'. Ba'c muo^'n discuss n~ chuye^.n di'nh da'ng dde^'n
>DHS thi` i't ra ba'c pha?i hie^?u n~ assumptions, hoa`n
>ca?nh, va^'n dde^`, ca'ch no'i chuye^.n cu?a DHS ro^`i ha~y
>no'i. Ne^'u chu+a bie^'t thi` pha?i la('ng nghe hoa(.c ho?i
>chu+'.

'Nha^.p gia tu`y tu.c" la` chi? ve^` ba'c kia. Cha(?ng pha?i mo.i thu+' o+?
dda^y la` xa?y ra tre^n dda^'t My~ hay sao. Ba'c chu+a mo+? ma('t tha^.t
sao, hay ba'c muo^'n ddo'ng vai tro`  bi.t ki'n ma('t ngu+o+`i kha'c.

DDa^u co' the^? cu+' ddem n~ ca'i interpretation cua?
>ba'c ra du`ng, misinterpret y' cu?a ng` no'i, ro^`i pha'n
>ng` ta ba(`ng n~ ca^u xu'c pha.m nhu+ "thie^'u lo`ng nha^n"
>ddu+o+.c. Gia? su+? ba'c ddu+a chuye^.n no^.i bo^. cu?a
>co^.ng ddo^`ng VK ra ba`n, to^i cu~ng dda^u co' xo^ng ra
>no'i bu+`a ddu+o+.c.


Khi ba?o ddu+`ng bao gio+` cho ngu+o+`i a(n xin 25 xu (trong ba^'t cu+'
tru+o+`ng ho+.p na`o) thi` la` ddo^'i vo+'i to^i co' the^? do thie^'u lo`ng
nha^n . Co`n chuye^.n "xen va`o" thi` gia? su+? ba'c ddu+a chuye^.n no^.i
bo^. cu?a DHS ra ba`n to^i cu~ng dda^u co' xo^ng va`o no'i bu+`a. O+? dda^y
ba'c pha?i nha^.n la` ba'c no'i ve^` chuye^.n mo^.t ba` gia`  VK chu+' ? A`,
ba^y gio+` thi` ly' lua^.n cu?a ba'c la` chuye^.n na`y to^i kho^ng ne^n du+.
va`o. Ma` na`o to^i dda~ muo^'n tham du+., chi?  "da`nh pha?i the^' " nhu+
to^i no'i ro~ : do mo^.t ca^u ho?i chung.

>Co`n ba'c ba?o chuye^.n/n~ ca'i nhi`n/suy nghi~ cu?a DHS
>kha'c gi` hoa(.c cu~ng kho^ng ne^n kha'c ng` ba?n xu+', ne^n
>ba'c ddu? kha? na(ng dde^? ba`n va` pha'n xe't, la` ba'c
>nha('m ma('t no'i lie^`u dda^'y. Ba'c kho^ng ne^n dda'nh
>gia' mi`nh cao nhu+ the^'. To^i chi? ddo+n cu+? va`i vi' du.
>ta.i sao DHS kha'c ng` ba?n xu+': n` DHS mo+'i sang, la. n'c
>la. ca'i, dda(.c bie^.t ho. ra^'t lo cho vo+. con em u't
>cu?a ho. la` n~ ng` co' khi no'i ra^'t i't tie^'ng Anh, ma`
>co`n i't hie^?u bie^'t ve^` n'c so+? ta.i nhu+ ho. So^'
>ddo^ng DHS kho^ng co' y' ddi.nh ddi.nh cu+. N` DHS pha?i
>tie^'t kie^.m tu+`ng xu dde^? a(n ho.c, hoa(.c dde^? ho^~
>tro+. ng` tha^n o+? nha`...
>
Tro+`i o+i, ba^y gio+` to^i mo+'i hie^?u ra  vi` tie^'t kie^.m tu+`ng xu
dde^? a(n ho.c ma` ba'c (hay ngu+o+`i na`o nghe ba'c khuye^n) kho^ng the^?
cho ngu+o+`i homeless tu+` 25 xu dde^'n 50 xu khi ho. chi? xin chu+`ng a^'y
nhu+ ba'c dda~ vie^'t. Sao ba'c gia? vo+` no'i ma~i ve^` ca'i security.
Nhu+ng to^i va` nhie^`u ngu+o+`i ddu+o+.c bie^'t nhie^`u ba'c DHS mo+'i qua
va`i tha'ng dda~ ddi thi la^'y ba(`ng la'i xe va` sau ddo' "va`i " ba'c co'
ngay xe ho+i mo+'i, ta^'t nhie^n ddu+o+.c tra? cash mo^.t la^`n. To^i no'i
tha^.t dda^'y. Co`n tie^`n ho.c thi` ai cu~ng bie^'t la` tu+` 20 nga`n ddo^
mo^.t na(m (tru+o+`ng to^i ke^? chuye^.n vo+'i ba'c TA ho.c phi' chi? tre^n
10 nga`n ddo^ thi` bi. coi nhu+ la` "tru+o+`ng la`ng" ro^`i :-). Ta^'t
nhie^n ba'c DX hay ai kha'c co' the^? cho mo^.t lu'c  va`i ddo^, co`n khi
ngu+o+`i homeless chi? xin co' 25 xu va` ta ddang co' sa(~n thi` sao la.i
nghi~ dde^'n chuye^.n dde^? da`nh mang ve^` nu+o+'c. To+'i dda^y to^i nha^.n
la` co' "cultural gap" giu+~a ba'c vo+'i to^i ro^`i.

>Khi ba'c tranh lua^.n, mong ba'c la`m o+n ddo.c cho ky~ n~
>gi` ng` kha'c vie^'t. DDa^'y cu~ng la` ba'c to^n tro.ng ba'c
>va` to^n tro.ng ng` ddo^'i thoa.i. To^i chu+a bao gio+`
>vie^'t: "du+'t khoa't kho^ng cho tie^`n" nhu+ ba'c tri'ch.
>To^i cu~ng kho^ng du`ng tu+` "homeless people", to^i du`ng
>tu+` "panhandler". Hai tu+` na`y nghi~a kha'c nhau ba'c a.

Ta^'t nhie^n ve^` tu+` ngu+~ co' nghi~a kha'c nhau nhu+ ngu+o+`i a(n ma`y
vo+'i ke? vo^ gia cu+. , nhu+ng ngu+o+`i homeless co' the^? la` panhandler ,
va` panhandler thu+o+`ng la` homeless. Ba'c thu+? ke^? tru+o+`ng ho+.p
pandhandler   kho^ng thu+.c su+. la` homeless, nhu+ng du` ne^'u co' cu~ng
kho^ng pha?i la` tru+o+`ng ho+.p chung.

>To^i cu~ng y' thu+'c ddu+o+.c chuye^.n qua' khi'ch trong
>co^.ng ddo^`ng VK kha'c vo+'i qua' khi'ch panhandler va`
>drug dealers. Nhu+ng khi vie^'t chung ve^` ca'c va^'n dde^`
>security cho DHS thi` vie^'t chung la` qua' khi'ch cho
>nhanh, nhu+ng cho tu+` "qua' khi'ch" va`o trong ngoa(.c
>ke'p.

To^i du`ng ngoa(.c ke'p cu~ng nhie^`u, nhu+ng y' thu+'c ddo' la` ca'ch
bie^?u y' ra^'t ha`m ho^` , ne^n  ca^?n tha^.n khi du`ng dde^? tra'nh bi.
hie^?u la^`m. Ba'c du`ng da^'u ngoa(.c ddo' vo+'i y' gi` ? Dde^? nha^'n
ma.nh nghi~a ?

Ba'c co' le~ kho^ng hie^?u ca'ch du`ng ngoa(.c ke'p
>trong n~ tru+o+`ng ho+.p the^' na`y nghi~a la` nhu+ the^'
>na`o, hoa(.c kho^ng dde^? y', ne^n dda~ pha^n ti'ch chu+~
>qua' khi'ch to^i du`ng ra tha`nh n` va^'n dde^`. Ta.i sao
>ba'c thi'ch tho+ phu' the^' ma` dde^'n lu'c ddo^.ng dde^'n
>n~ tu+` ngu+~ na`y ba'c la.i kho^ng bo? tho+`i gian ra suy
>nga^~m dde^? hie^?u n~ y' te^' nhi. cu?a ng` vie^'t nhi?.
>

To^i la.i kho^ng tha^'y y' cu?a ba'c co' gi` sa^u sa('c dde^? pha?i suy
nghi~ nhie^`u. Va` ba'c cu~ng bie^'t tre^n mailing list na`y mo.i ngu+o+`i
ddo.c ca'c mesg nhu+ the^' na`o ro^`i, ne^n ca^`n nha^'t la` tra'nh lo^'i
vie^'t ha`m ho^`.

>Co`n chuye^.n ba'c so sa'nh to^i vo+'i ba'c AV cu~ng co'
>pha^`n ddu'ng, nhu+ng chi? la` o+? nha^.n ddi.nh chung ve^`
>ca'ch vie^'t va` ca'ch tie^'p ca^.n va^'n dde^` cu?a ba'c
>tho^i. :-)
>
To^i dda~ bie^'t ro^`i, ba'c va` ba'c AV co' background nhu+ nhau.  Ba'c co'
ca?m tha^'y la` ca^u chuye^.n tro+? ne^n nha.t nhe~o ro^`i kho^ng ?
Ho`a