Ba`i Nguye^~n Hu+u~ So+n-Tu+ lie^.u (12)

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DDo.c "Phe^ bi`nh pha?n phe^ bi`nh"
Nguye^~n Hu+~u So+n
(Vie^.n Va(n ho.c)

Trong va`i ba na(m nay, nha` tho+ TMH bo^~ng no^?i le^n nhu+ mo^.t gu+o+ng 
ma(.t phe^ bi`nh mo+'i. Go.i ddo' la` "hie^.n tu+o+.ng" cu~ng kho^ng sai, 
bo+?i le~ o^ng vie^'t khoe?, vie^'t dde^`u ve^` nhie^`u chuye^n nga`nh 
chuye^n sa^u nhu+ va(n hoa' ho.c, my~ ho.c, li.ch su+? va(n ho.c, ly' lua^.n 
va` phe^ bi`nh va(n ho.c, sa'ch gia'o hoa va(n ho.c, va(n xuo^i va` tho+ 
ca... Quan sa't ddi.nh hu+o+'ng phe^ bi`nh ve^` ddo^'i tu+o+.ng bi. coi la` 
"pha?n phe^ bi`nh" kia, pha?i ghi nha^.n o^ng TMH co' ddu+o+.c mo^.t so^' 
dde^` xua^'t hu+~u ly' nha(`m ca?nh ba'o tru+o+'c nhu+~ng da^'u hie^.u thu+? 
nghie^.m tho+ ca "tung ra'c ru+o+?i", "ba^'t nha~", "hu~ nu't" va` chi? ra 
nhu+~ng ca^u chu+~ chu+a chi?nh, chu+a sa't nghi~a, chu+a dda.t dde^'n ddo^. 
ma^~u mu+.c, "chi'nh xa'c", "la`m gu+o+ng"... Nhu+ng xem ra, "lu+?a" thi` 
i't ma` "kho'i" chu+~ nghi~a thi` nhie^`u, ca`ng vie^'t ca`ng toa? kho'i 
dden cu?a su+. "qua' dda`", ddu'ng nhu+ nha^.n xe't cu?a mo^.t nha` phe^ 
bi`nh ve^` hie^.n tra.ng "ti`nh ca?m cu?a ba.n ddo.c ddo^'i vo+'i anh theo 
tho+`i gian chu+`ng nhu+ co' pha^`n kho^ng ddu+o+.c nhu+ tru+o+'c". DDie^`u 
quan tro.ng ho+n, vi` sao ma`n ddo^.c die^~n a?o thua^.t nguo^n tu+` cu?a 
o^ng TMH cho dde^'n nay chu? ye^'u va^~n la` "ta`i lie^`n mie^.ng dda^'y", 
i't ga^y ddu+o+.c kho^ng khi' tranh lua^.n ho.c thua^.t tre^n ma(.t ba'o 
trung u+o+ng ca`ng kho^ng ta.o ddu+o+.c su+. quan ta^m tro+? la.i cu?a 
chi'nh ca'c nha` "pha?n phe^ bi`nh" kia ?Tu+` go'c nhi`n rie^ng, to^i ta.m 
ne^u mo^.t so^' nha^.n ddi.nh ve^` "su+. phe^ bi`nh co' ti'nh cha^'t phe^ 
bi`nh", xin cu~ng coi nhu+ vie^.c pha'c hoa. nhu+~ng thao ta'c chi'nh dda~ 
la`m ne^n "lo^'i phe^ bi`nh TMH"
.DDa(.c ddie^?m de^~ tha^'y tru+o+'c he^'t la` o^ng TMH trie^.t dde^? die^~n 
di.ch, ga'n ghe'p va` na^ng ca^'p va^'n dde^`. Ngay nhan dde^` tie^?u lua^.n 
dda(.t o+? dda^`u sa'ch " Tu+` con dde^ chu+~ nghi~a dde^'n con o^'c bu+o+u 
va`ng cu?a thi ca ", vo+'i gio.ng va(n lua^.n chie^'n hu`ng ho^`n va` ddan 
ke^'t ddu+o+.c ca'c "chu+'ng ly'" ve? ngoa`i kha' thuye^'t phu.c, song va^~n 
bo^.c lo^. ro~ nhu+~ng suy die^~n hi`nh thu+'c, phie^'n die^.n. Ai cu~ng 
bie^'t ra(`ng na.n "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng" la` mo^'i nguy ha.i xuye^n quo^'c 
gia, no+i dda^u con ngu+o+`i cu~ng ti`m ca'ch tru+` die^.t chu'ng. Song 
trong mo^'i giao lu+u vo+'i bie^?n tho+ ca nha^n loa.i, pha?i dda^u ta^'t 
ca? dde^`u la` "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng", pha?i dda^u cu+' hu+o+'ng ngoa.i la` 
chu'ng ta chi? tie^'p nha^.n "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng". Tre^n ca'c trang ba'o 
va^~n thu+o+`ng xuye^n tuye^?n di.ch va` gio+'i thie^.u tho+ nu+o+'c ngoa`i, 
o^ng Ha?o co' kie^?m di.ch ddu+o+.c la^'y va`i ba con "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng" 
na`o lo.t lu+o+'i cha(ng " Va` nhu+ the^' thi` nguye^n do xua^'t hie^.n 
loa.i tho+ "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng" ma` o^ng Ha?o da^~n chu+'ng ha(?n co' the^? 
coi la` bu+o+'c lu`i bu+o+'c le^.ch, tha^.m chi' la` be^.nh hoa.n nu+~a, 
song kho^ng the^? ddo^? lo^~i bo+?i xu the^' giao lu+u, "ca'ch ta^n" va` 
"hie^.n dda.i hoa' tho+" nhu+ mo^.t ddo`i ho?i ta^'t ye^'u - ddu+o+ng nhie^n 
pha?i du+.a tre^n co+ so+? truye^`n tho^'ng da^n to^.c, tie^'p thu mo^.t 
ca'ch co' lu+.a cho.n, co' phe^ pha'n.
Trong khi sa'ng suo^'t cha('t la^'y nhu+~ng ca(.n tho+ va` co^' y' dda'nh 
ddo^`ng ca? mo^.t xu the^' "ca'ch ta^n tho+" vo+'i loa`i "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng" 
thu+? nghie^.m dda'ng ghe't kia thi` o^ng Ha?o la.i tu+. ta.o ra thu+' to^.i 
danh vo^ chu?, dde^? ro^`i la.i tu+. mi`nh mu'a kie^'m dda'nh nhau vo+'i 
co^'i xay gio': "Ngu+o+`i ta co^' ti`nh kho^ng muo^'n pha^n bie^.t thi ca 
vo+'i dda`n cu+`u vo^'n ra^'t kha'c nhau. Di~ nhie^n, dda`n cu+`u ca^`n 
pha?i canh, pha?i ga'c, co`n thi ca? sa?n pha^?m cu?a tu+. do sa'ng ta.o, 
sao pha?i ga'c nhu+ cu+`u? Nhu+ng ai la` ngu+o+`i bi. ga'c va` ai la` 
ngu+o+`i ddu+o+.c ga'c ? (tr.12). DDi tu+` tie^`n dde^` : "Ngu+o+`i ta co^' 
ti`nh...", qua su+. kha(?ng ddi.nh "di~ nhie^n..." cho dde^'n ca^u ho?i 
lu+?ng lo+ "nhu+ng ai la` ngu+o+`i bi. ga'c va` ai la` ngu+o+`i ddu+o+.c 
ga'c ?", su+. ti`nh qua? dda~ kho^ng co`n na(`m trong khuo^n vie^n "thi ca 
sa?n pha^?m cu?a tu+. do sa'ng ta.o" nu+~a.
Cu~ng vo+'i lo^'i suy die^~n, ga'n ghe'p va` na^ng va^'n dde^` tu+o+ng tu+., 
tu+` chu+~ "a'm a?nh" trong mo^.t ca^u cha(?ng la^'y gi` la`m kho' hie^?u 
cu?a Le^ Ngo.c Tra`: "a^'n tu+o+.ng buo^?i sa'ng a^'y thu+o+`ng a'm a?nh 
to^i mo^~i khi to^i nghi~ ve^` va(n hoa' Vie^.t Nam, ve^` ve? dde.p va` 
su+'c so^'ng cu?a da^n to^.c" (NHS nha^'n ma.nh), ha~y xem o^ng TMH na^ng 
ca'p su+. qui ke^'t: "Ba(`ng phu+o+ng pha'p lua^.n co' te^n la` "a'm a?nh", 
Le^ Ngo.c Tra` dda~ . ..", dde^'n trang sau thi` "Chi'nh tu+` kho+?i ddie^?m 
cu?a mo^.t the^' gio+'i quan co' te^n la` a'm a?nh lua^.n...", qua 4 trang 
nu+~a dda~ "Chu+'ng to? thuye^'t a'm a?nh lua^.n cu?a o^ng qua? la` no^ng 
no^?i va` lie^`u li~nh"... DDan xen va`o ddo' la` nhu+~ng ddoa.n tru+~ ti`nh 
ngoa.i dde^`, nhu+~ng suy lua^.n a?o, dde^? ro^`i ddi dde^'n qui ke^'t 
lua^.n ddie^?m: " Vie^.c Le^ Ngo.c Tra` du`ng "a^'n tu+o+.ng" va` "a'm 
a?nh", sa?n pha^?m cu?a ca?m gia'c duy ta^m chu? quan la`m co+ so+? khoa 
ho.c... qua? tha^.t la` mo^.t la^`m la^~n qua' lo+'n va` dda'ng tie^'c cu?a 
o^ng...".Thu+.c ra nhu+~ng ddie^`u kho^ng ai kho^ng hie^?u trong ba`i vie^'t 
sa'ng ro~ cu?a Le^ Ngo.c Tra` - "mo^.t nha` khoa ho.c, mo^.t nha` ly' lua^.n 
ve^` va(n ho.c va` my~ ho.c i't nhie^`u dda~ ddu+o+.c du+ lua^.n chu' y'" 
(theo ca'ch thu+`a nha^.n cu?a o^ng Ha?o) - thi` la.i chi? mi`nh o^ng pha't 
gia'c ra dda^`y nhu+~ng "la^`m la^~n", "sai la^`m", "qua' sai tra'i", "la^`m 
tu+o+?ng", "ma^u thua^~n", "thie^'u phu+o+ng pha'p lua^.n", "tuy` hu+'ng phi 
khoa ho.c", "bi. ho^.i chu+'ng ma(.c ca?m tu+. ti", "dda?o ngu+o+.c ba?n 
cha^'t cu?a su+. va^.t mo^.t ca'ch nga^y tho+ va` no^ng ca.n", "Le^ Ngo.c 
Tra` qua? ti`nh dda~ xu'c pha.m to+'i tinh tha^`n tu+. ha`o da^n to^.c", 
"Le^ Ngo.c Tra` qua? la` dda~ xu'c pha.m to+'i cho^'n thie^ng lie^ng nha^'t 
cu?a da^n to^.c va^.y", "o^ng ma(.c su+'c che^ bai ne^`n va(n hoa' da^n 
to^.c"... (Tru+o+'c nhu+~ng to^.i danh tre^n sao o^ng Ha?o kho^ng ke^u go.i 
bo? tu` nha` khoa ho.c gia? danh ba`i da^n to^.c kia?). Tie^'c thay, nhu+~ng 
lo+`i qui ke^'t dde^'n nhu+ the^' va^~n cu+' tra?i trang da`i tre^n ma(.t 
ba'o...Nhi`n ro^.ng ra trong ca? cuo^'n Phe^ bi`nh pha?n phe^ bi`nh, dde^? 
qui chu.p ngu+o+`i kha'c va`o ca'i ro. "pha?n phe^ bi`nh", thao ta'c chu? 
ye^'u cu?a TMH la` ga'n ghe'p ta.o du+.ng ne^n tu+`ng "lua^.n ddie^?m" hu+ 
nguy. dde^? ro^`i la.i ta^.p trung dda'nh ddo^?. Ba.n ddo.c co' the^? kie^?m 
chu+'ng ddu+o+.c thao ta'c cu?a ngu+o+`i vie^'t qua ca'ch ne^u gia? ddi.nh, 
gia? thie^'t, kie^?u nhu+ "Bo+?i"..., "co' le~...", "thu+.c ra...", "chu+`ng 
nhu+...", "hi`nh nhu+...", "cu~ng nhu+ va^.y...", ro^`i sau nhu+~ng la^.p 
lua^.n ngoa.i suy, nhu+~ng ddoa.n lu+o+.c da^~n kie^'n thu+'c kho^ng ma^'y 
a(n nha^.p vo+'i chu? dde^` ma` chu? ye^'u nha(`m phu` tro+. cho nhu+~ng 
gia? ddi.nh die^~n di.ch la` nhu+~ng ke^'t lua^.n ba'ng bo^? va` qui chu.p 
thie^'u thie^.n ta^m ve^` tu+`ng "ddo`n thu+o+ng me^'n", "ddo^?i tra('ng 
thay dden", "quay ngoa('t", "nha('m ma('t cho ra(`ng", "nha('m ma('t, co^' 
ti`nh", "ba^'t ca^.p", "no'i quanh", "dung tu.c", hie^?u tho^ thie^?n", 
"nha^.n thu+'c qua' ddo+n gia?n va` dung tu.c", "phu? ddi.nh tha`nh tu+.u 
va^'n ho.c cu?a cha o^ng", "ha. be^. tha`nh tu+.u va(n ho.c vo^ cu`ng ru+.c 
ro+~ cu?a cha o^ng"...
Xe't trong toa`n bo^. ne^`n nghie^n cu+'u, ly' lua^.n va` phe^ bi`nh va(n 
ho.c suo^'t nu+?a the^' ky? vu+`a qua co' the^? kha(?ng ddi.nh ta^.p tie^?u 
lua^.n "Phe^ bi`nh pha?n phe^ bi`nh" pha?i ddoa.t gia?i nha^'t, ky? lu.c 
ve^` vo^'n ngo^n tu+` ba'ng bo^? va` qui chu.p nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i kha'c - 
mo^.t ha`nh vi "ca('n tai va(n ho.c"( Tyson). Nha(`m phu.c vu. thao ta'c 
die^~n di.ch, o^ng TMH chu? y' va^.n du.ng lo^'i no'i ngu+o+.c, nguy. ta.o 
su+. kha'c bie^.t, ddo^'i la^.p ve^` nha^.n thu+'c va` "lua^.n ddie^?m". Sau 
khi tri'ch da^~n Le^ Ngo.c Tra` ba`n ve^` pha.m tru` bi - ha`i cu?a my~ ho.c 
(...), o^ng TMH vie^'t la^.p lo+`: "Nhu+~ng ke^'t lua^.n tre^n xem ra co' 
ve? ho+.p ly', nhu+ng ddo.c ky~ thi` qua? la` chu+a o^?n", tu+` ddo' o^ng 
ca('t ro+i tu+`ng y', tu+`ng ca^u ma` ba('t be? (tr.112-116). Trong khi phe^ 
pha'n ma.nh me~ ta'c gia? "chu+a na('m ba('t ddu+o+.c ba?n cha^'t pha.m tru` 
my~ ho.c la` ca'i dde.p, ca'i bi" mo^.t y' kie^'n cu?a Le^ Ngo.c Tra`: "Ca'i 
dde.p thi` vui, ha`o hu+'ng co`n ca'i bi thi` buo^`n, ddau thu+o+ng ma^'t 
ma't", ru't cuo^.c o^ng TMH la^'y ngo^n tu+` co' ca'ch bie^.n lua^.n cho 
"ca'i ly' co' cha^n" cu?a o^ng co`n mu+o+`i pha^`n tu` mu` ho+n: "Vo+'i 
ca'ch hie^?u hi`nh thu+'c, Le^ Ngo.c Tra` ddo^`ng nha^'t ca'i bi vo+'i ca'i 
buo^`n vo+'i ca'i ddau thu+o+ng, ma^'t ma't. Nhu+ng ba?n cha^'t cu?a pha.m 
tru` ca'i bi trong ta^.n cu`ng kha'i nie^.m va` y' nghi~a cu?a no', tho^ng 
qua My~ ho.c to+'i ddi?nh cu?a ca'i bi, chu'ng ta se~ ga(.p ca'i ha`i. a^'y 
la` ti'nh bie^.n chu+'ng cu?a chu'ng trong mo^'i quan he^. tinh vi, phu+'c 
ta.p, va^.n ddo^.ng, chuye^?n hoa' vu+`a mang ti'nh nga^~u nhie^n, vu+`a 
mang ti'nh qui lua^.t, vu+`a qua^n bi`nh vu+`a cu+.c ddoan, bie^'n hoa' 
kho^n lu+o+`ng cu?a pha.m tru` tha^?m my~".(tr.115 - 116). Co`n co' the^? 
ke^? ra ra^'t nhie^`u da^~n chu+'ng ve^` vie^.c "ddoa.n chu+o+ng tri'ch cu'" 
va` lo^'i suy die^~n, ta.o lie^n tu+o+?ng ddo^'i la^.p qua? la` "O+ bie^'n 
hoa' kho^n lu+o+`ng" kie^?u na`y, cha(?ng ha.n ca'c ddoa.n ly' su+. ve^` 
hie^.n tu+o+.ng Ta?n DDa`, "kie^?u la`m tho+" va` "ca'ch ca?m nha^.n" cu?a 
Tho+ mo+'i, quan nie^.m ve^` "ba?n nga~", Truye^.n Kie^`u v.v..
Su+? du.ng tha`nh thu.c qua^n ba`i "ddoa.n chu+o+ng tri'ch cu'", o^ng Ha?o 
ta^.p trung die^~n di.ch o+? nhu+~ng y', nhu+~ng ddo^'i tu+o+.ng dde^` ta`i, 
nhu+~ng giai ddoa.n ma` ngu+o+`i vie^'t sa'ch kho^ng chu? y' va` kho^ng co' 
nhie^.m vu. trie^?n khai gia?i quye^'t. DDo+n cu+? nhu+ vie^.c Huy`nh Nhu+ 
Phu+o+ng va` Nguye^~n DDa(ng Ma.nh ba`n ve^` su+. ca'ch ta^n tho+ la~ng ma.n 
va` dde^` cao ti'nh ba?n nga~ cu?a Tho+ mo+'i 1932-1945 nhu+ mo^.t ddi.nh 
hu+o+'ng ddo^'i la^.p vo+'i "ti'nh cha^'t phi nga~", "gia?i pho'ng kho?i 
ti'nh qui pha.m cha(.t che~ va` he^. tho^'ng u+o+'c le^. co' ti'nh phi nga~" 
cu?a va(n ho.c tho+`i phong kie^'n thi` o^ng Ha?o la.i trie^.t dde^? lua^.n 
chie^'n vo+'i hai chu+~ "phi nga~" (trong ba`i Ly' lua^.n va(n ho.c hay ca?m 
lua^.n va(n ho.c? (tr.134-138) ddo^`ng tho+`i dda~ co' ha(?n mo^.t ba`i to 
ta't cu~ng chi? dde^? lua^.n chie^'n vo+'i hai chu+~ "phi nga~" na`y: Co' 
tha^.t ne^`n va(n ho.c co^? Vie^.t Nam mang ti'nh phi nga~ " (tr.51-71), 
trong ddo' go^`m mo^.t mu.c kha(?ng ddi.nh Kho^ng co' nga~ la`m chu? the^? 
thi` kho^ng co' khoa ho.c, nghe^. thua^.t va` lua^n ly' cu`ng mo^.t mu+.c 
ca?nh ti?nh: Kho^ng ne^n la^'y thu+o+'c cu?a Ta^y ddo va(n ho.c ta.
o+? dda^y to^i kho^ng tranh lua^.n ve^` su+. ddu'ng - sai cu?a vo^'n tri 
thu+'c "va(n ho.c cu?a o^ng cha chu'ng ta dda^`y ti'nh ba?n nga~" (xin xem 
Nguye^~n Hu+~u So+n: Ba`n ve^` ca'ch dda'nh gia' mo^.t co^ng tri`nh ly' 
lua^.n va(n ho.c va` vie^.c vie^'t sa'ch gia'o khoa. Ngu+o+`i Ha` No^.i, 
so^' 32, ra nga`y 17-8-1996...) ma` chu? ye^'u nha(`m chi? ra thao ta'c suy 
die^~n, no'i ngu+o+.c, thay vi` ba`n chuye^.n vo+'i ngu+o+`i la`m ly' lua^.n 
hie^.n dda.i va` Tho+ mo+'i ba(`ng va(n ho.c co^? - trung dda.i; thay vi` 
ba`n ve^` a^m hu+o+?ng "pha't huy ba?n nga~" cu?a toa`n bo^. ne^`n Tho+ 
mo+'i 1932-1945 la.i chi? chu+'ng da^~n ve^` " mo^.t kie^?u tho+ mo+'i la. 
vu+`a xua^'t hie^.n" nhu+ mo^.t su+. tri`nh chie^'u va`o giai ddoa.n so+ 
ky`; thay vi` die^~n di.ch nghi~a dden tha`nh nghi~a bo'ng va` ngu+o+.c 
la.i; thay vi` ba`n tho+ ca? ba(`ng ... tho+ ca "o^'c bu+o+u va`ng"! ... 
He^. qua? cu?a thao ta'c no'i ngu+o+.c "Chu'ng to^i ca^`n pha?i no'i 
ngu+o+.c la.i..." (tr.129) ta^'t ye^'u se~ da^~n o^ng TMH to+'i nhu+~ng 
phie^'m lua^.n tuy` tie^.n va` tu+. ma^u thua^~n vo+'i chi'nh mi`nh, ma^u 
thua^~n vo+'i cha^n ly' ma` o^ng vo+` tu+.a va`o la` ban tho+` ti'nh da^n 
to^.c, ne^`n va(n ho.c da^n to^.c. Do ddo', khi muo^'n bie^.n ho^. cho 
lua^.n dde^` "va(n ho.c cu?a o^ng cha chu'ng ta dda^`y ti'nh ba?n nga~" thi` 
o^ng vie^.n da^~n ba(`ng trie^'t ho.c co^?:"... Co`n co' the^? la^'y ha`ng 
nghi`n da^~n chu+'ng ve^` ti'nh ba?n nga~ trong trie^'t ho.c va` my~ ho.c 
Trung Hoa co^? dda.i, tu+`ng a?nh hu+o+?ng ra^'t sa^u sa('c dde^'n va(n ho.c 
nghe^. thua^.t Vie^.t Nam tho+`i phong kie^'n... Cu`ng vo+'i trie^'t ho.c 
Trung Hoa, trie^'t ho.c a^'n DDo^. dda~ a?nh hu+o+?ng ra^'t lo+'n dde^'n tu+ 
tu+o+?ng va` nghe^. thua^.t Vie^.t Nam" (tr.55); nhu+ng khi muo^'n die^~n 
di.ch ngu+o+.c thi` o^ng la.i cao gio.ng bo^ng lo+n phe^ Nguye^~n DDa(ng 
Ma.nh "sa va`o la(ng ki'nh trie^'t ho.c": "Nhu+ng khi o^ng cho ra(`ng "va(n 
ho.c nghe^. thua^.t thu+.c cha^'t la` hoa.t ddo^.ng tu+ tu+o+?ng "t hi` qua? 
la` kho^ng o^?n, la` trie^'t ho.c hoa' va(n ho.c. Ve^` ba?n cha^'t, hoa.t 
ddo^.ng va(n ho.c thuo^.c he^. tho^'ng my~ ho.c... Ne^'u trie^'t ho.c la` 
co^.i re^~ tu+ tu+o+?ng, la` o^ng la~o cu?a nha^n loa.i, thi` va(n ho.c ma~i 
ma~i la` tuo^?i ho^`n nhie^n, la` ddu+'a tre? con bi bo^ ta^.p no'i cu?a 
loa`i ngu+o+`i " (!? )..." Tu+.u trung, vi` ngay tu+` xua^'t pha't ddie^?m, 
ta'c gia? dda~ ddi che^.ch kho?i vu+o+`n Eden cu?a va(n ho.c dde^? nha?y 
to't qua khu vu+o+`n xu+o+ng ro^`ng cu?a tu+ tu+o+?ng vo^'n la` cho^'n tha^m 
nghie^m cu?a sa ma.c trie^'t ho.c... So+? di~ o^ng tha^'t ba.i vi` khi xa'c 
ddi.nh ddie^?m xua^'t pha't, o^ng dda~ nha?y lo.n qua "vu+o+`n rau cu?a 
ngu+o+`i kha'c" la` pha.m tru` tu+ tu+o+?ng vo^'n la` ca(n cu+' ddi.a cu?a 
trie^'t ho.c... Bo+?i vi` tu+ tu+o+?ng cu?a ta'c pha^?m va(n ho.c la` mo'n 
ca`ng co^' ga('ng ddi ti`m ca`ng kho^ng bao gio+` ga(.p" (!?) (tr.23-24, 32, 
37).
Pha?i cha(ng ddo' la` tinh tha^`n khoa ho.c cu?a nha` phe^ bi`nh TMH ddang 
co' co^ng pha't gia'c ra ddu? thu+' "pha?n phe^ bi`nh" tre^n kia ? ... Ro^`i 
cu~ng ngay trong cu`ng mo^.t ba`i vie^'t ma` tu+` tie^u dde^` dda~ mang 
sa('c tha'i tranh lua^.n vo+'i chi'nh ddie^`u mi`nh tu+. suy die^~n. Trong 
ba`i " Ly' lua^.n va(n ho.c hay ca?m lua^.n va(n ho.c?" o^ng Ha?o vie^'t: 
"Tho+ mo+'i chinh phu.c ngu+o+`i ddo.c vi` no' hay, no' mo+'i chu+' kho^ng 
pha?i do nhu+~ng quan nie^.m trie^'t ho.c cu?a no', trong vie^.c hu+o+'ng 
to+'i ba?n nga~ vo+'i kho^ng ba?n nga~" (a^'y the^' ma` o^ng TMH vu+`a va.ch 
da^'u ra(`ng trie^'t ho.c vo+'i "ba?n nga~" quan tro.ng la('m la('m! ) Sau 
dda^'y o^ng ki.ch lie^.t phe^ pha'n ngu+o+.c dde^? ro^`i tu+. mi`nh ddu+a ra 
lo+`i ly' gia?i: "Tho+ mo+'i chinh phu.c ngu+o+`i ddo.c vi` no' hay, no' 
mo+'i... Va(n ho.c la` tha'i ddo^. tha^?m my~ cu?a con ngu+o+`i tho^ng qua 
ti`nh ca?m" thi` qua? la` ddu'ng qua', nhu+ng cu~ng ca^`m ba(`ng nhu+ chu+a 
no'i ddu+o+.c gi` ca?!). Tie^'p ddo', khi pha^n ti'ch tho+ Ba` Huye^.n Thanh 
Quan, nha` phe^ bi`nh tho^?n thu+'c: "La.i co`n hai ca^u ke^'t "du+`ng cha^n 
ddu+'ng la.i tro+`i non nu+o+'c - Mo^.t ma?nh ti`nh rie^ng ta vo+'i ta"... 
Ta^m tra.ng a^'y xao ddo^.ng to+'i ta^.n cu`ng ba?n nga~. a^'y mo+'i chi'nh 
la` no^~i VANG DDO^.NG TRIE^'T HO.C (NHS nha^'n ma.nh), no^~i vang ddo^.ng 
ta^m linh no+i ho^`n Ba` Huye^.n nhu+ co`n ddau ran ran ca? dda' DDe`o 
Ngang".
The^' la`, tre^n kia Tho+ mo+'i hay "vi` no' hay" va` "kho^ng pha?i do 
nhu+~ng quan nie^.m trie^'t ho.c..."; co`n ca'i hay cu?a tho+ Ba` Huye^.n 
la` bo+?i no' dda.t to+'i "a^'y mo+'i chi'nh la` no^~i vang ddo^.ng trie^'t 
ho.c. Cu`ng la` trie^'t ho.c trong tho+, mo^.t dda(`ng vo^ nghi~a, mo^.t 
dda(`ng la` cu+'u ca'nh cho gia' tri. tho+ ca (!). DDa^'y cha(?ng pha?i la` 
nhu+~ng la^.p lua^.n tuy` hu+'ng trong tay nha` phe^ bi`nh "co' ti'nh cha^'t 
phe^ bi`nh" hay sao ? La.i co`n nhu+~ng ddoa.n tru+~ ti`nh ngoa.i dde^` 
tra`n dda^`y "xu'c ca?m thi ca": ca'i gi` ma` co`n "ddau ran ran ca? dda' 
DDe`o Ngang" chu+' ? Ru't cuo^.c, vie^.c qua' la.m du.ng ba^~y "no'i 
ngu+o+.c" dda~ pha?n la.i o^ng TMH o+? ha^`u he^'t ca'c ba`i tie^?u lua^.n 
ma` to^i kho^ng nha(`m ddie^?m danh lu+o+.t thua^.t la.i ta^'t ca? va` cu. 
the^? to+'i tu+`ng ba`i.
DDe^'n dda^y co' the^? no'i ro~ the^m ra(`ng lo^'i bo'c ta'ch tu+`ng ca^u, 
tu+`ng y', tha^.m chi' tu+`ng nu+?a ca^u, tu+`ng mo^.t hai chu+~ cu?a o^ng 
TMH co' lie^n quan cha(.t che~ vo+'i vie^.c suy die^~n va` lo^'i tru+ng ba`y 
kie^'n thu+'c cu~ng ra^'t... TMH . Ca'ch la`m na`y khie^'n kho^ng i't ba.n 
ddo.c "nga.i" vo^'n tri thu+'c sa^u ro^.ng cu?a o^ng Ha?o - a^'y la` khi 
o^ng da^~n "Ta^y" xen va`o va(n ho.c Vie^.t, da^~n trie^'t xen va`o va(n, 
da^~n co^? xen va`o kim - vo^'n kie^'n thu+'c la` ddu'ng khi o^ng tri'ch 
da^~n tu+` sa'ch chuye^n nga`nh va` tu+` ddie^?n; la` vu+`a ddu'ng vu+`a sai 
khi o^ng thu+? su+'c ly' gia?i; la` sai tra^`m tro.ng khi o^ng ga'n ghe'p 
chu'ng vo+'i chi'nh ddo^'i tu+o+.ng dde^` ta`i dda(.t ra ngay tu+` dda^`u. 
DDie^`u na`y the^? hie^.n dda(.c bie^.t ro~ khi o^ng ddu+a ra dde^` mu.c 
Kho^ng ne^n la^'y thu+o+'c cu?a Ta^y ddo va(n ho.c ta nhu+ng ro^`i la.i su+? 
du.ng toa`n ca'c kha'i nie^.m, thua^.t ngu+~ Ta^y va` va^.n du.ng mo^.t 
ca'ch a'p dda(.t, phi khoa ho.c: "Ne^'u va(n ho.c co^? Vie^.t Nam no'i 
rie^ng... tu+` kho+?i thuy?, dde^`u co' pha tro^.n ca'c ye^'u to^' la~ng 
ma.n, hie^.n thu+.c, sie^u thu+.c, tu+o+.ng tru+ng, tha^.m chi' ca? ye^'u 
to^' hie^.n sinh nu+~a" (tr.61). The^' ro^`i o^ng ba`n phu+'a: "Ho.c 
thuye^'t La~o - Trang thu+.c ra cu~ng la` ho.c thuye^'t vi. nga~ ddu+o+.c 
ca'ch ta^n the^m bo+?i kha'i nie^.m Vo^ Vi, ddo^`ng nha^'t con ngu+o+`i 
vo+'i tu+. nhie^n, chi? chu' y' dde^'n con ngu+o+`i ca' nha^n ma` xoa' bo? 
con ngu+o+`i xa~ ho^.i" (tr.55) . Ho.c thuye^'t La~o - Trang vo^'n ddu+o+.c 
hie^?u the^' na`o, tru+o+'c ddo' la` gi`, co' ai nu+~a ma` no'i "thu+.c ra" 
va` ddu+o+.c "ca'ch ta^n the^m" ? No'i to+'i "vo^ vi", cu~ng pha?i bie^'t 
"vo^ vi nhi vo^ ba^'t vi"? DDa~ "ddo^`ng nha^'t con ngu+o+`i vo+'i tu+. 
nhie^n" thi` la`m sao "chi? chu' y' dde^'n con ngu+o+`i ca' nha^n" ddu+o+.c 
? Co' tha^.t "Thu+.c cha^'t trie^'t ho.c phu+o+ng DDo^ng chi'nh ra la` ne^`n 
DDa.o ho.c" (tr.251) ? Co' ai da'm no'i: "Vo+'i ta^m thu+'c phu+o+ng DDo^ng, 
qua? la` ra^'t kho' kha(n pha^n bie^.t mo^.t ca'ch nhi. nguye^n ca'c kha'i 
nie^.m Va(n, Trie^'t va` DDa.o. Bo+?i chu'ng to^`n ta.i trong phe'p "tam vi. 
nha^'t the^?" (tr.252)? Ca'c nha` khoa ho.c chi? no'i to+'i ti'nh nguye^n 
ho+.p "va(n, su+?, trie^'t" ba^'t pha^n, va^.y sao chu'ng co' lie^n quan 
ddu+o+.c vo+'i "tam vi. nha^'t the^?" (Thie^n - DDi.a - Nha^n)? Va` co' ai 
da'm no'i "A^m du+o+ng la` quan nie^.m to^'i co^? cu?a ngu+o+`i Trung Hoa, 
coi go^'c re^~ cu?a vu~ tru. la` khi', cu~ng go.i la` tha'i cu+.c" (tr.255)? 
The^' ro^`i trong ne^`n va(n ho.c "dda^`y ba?n nga~" cu?a chu'ng ta la.i 
go^`m ca? va(n ho.c da^n gian, va(n ho.c truye^`n mie^.ng, co^? ti'ch ca 
dao; go^`m ca? ca^u chuye^.n "co+n ghen ti`nh tha^`n thoa.i" giu+~a tha^`n 
Nu'i va` tha^`n Nu+o+'c, giu+~a So+n Tinh va` Thuy? Tinh bo+?i na`ng co^ng 
chu'a con vua Hu`ng (tr.51-52' 64, 133) ?
Va` ha~y xem ca'ch o^ng TMH bi`nh gia?ng, kha'm pha' ca'i hay ca'i dde.p va` 
chie^`u sa^u tu+ duy nghe^. thua^.t cu?a truye^.n co^? ti'ch Chu? DDo^`ng 
Tu+?": "Cuo^.c ti`nh duye^n ki` ngo^. do su+. ddi ta('m cu?a co^ng chu'a ma` 
lo`i ra du+o+'i ca't mo^.t ngu+o+`i dda`n o^ng tra^`n truo^`ng gia^'u mi`nh, 
mo^.t con ngu+o+`i kho^ng co`n bo.c bo+?i ca'i vo? u+o+'c le^. gi` gi` ca?, 
mo^.t con ngu+o+`i ba?n the^?, ba?n nga~ thua^`n tuy' nhu+ Chu+? DDo^`ng 
Tu+? va` na`ng co^ng chu'a lu'c ta('m kia, ai da'm ba?o la` phi nga~" (NHS 
nha^'n ma.nh - tr.62-63). Va^ng, xin tha'ch ddo^' ca'c nha` va(n, ca'c nha` 
nghie^n cu+'u co' the^? da'm tranh lua^.n ddu+o+.c!?Ho+n nu+~a, trong khi 
co^' ti`nh suy die^~n nhu+~ng hi`nh a?nh va(n chu+o+ng vo^'n ra^'t bi`nh 
di.: "Co' the^? no'i va(n ho.c Vie^.t Nam gio^'ng nhu+ ngu+o+`i cha.y ddua 
ddu+o+`ng tru+o+`ng..." o^ng TMH vo+` die^~n gia?ng: "Va(n ho.c la` be^` 
sa^u cu?a ta^m ho^`n da^n to^.c, kho^ng pha?i la` ca'i dde^? so sa'nh, ca`ng 
kho^ng pha?i la` sa^n marato^ng cu?a hoa.t ddo^.ng co+ ba('p" (tr.47-47); 
vo+'i hi`nh a?nh vi' von: "Sa'ng ta'c va` phe^ bi`nh ca^`n thie^'t cho nhau, 
ta'c ddo^.ng tu+o+ng ho^~ vo+'i nhau gio^'ng nhu+ hai cha^n cu?a mo^.t con 
ngu+o+`i ..." thi` o^ng Ha?o vo+` ngoa.i suy tha`nh: "chu'ng to^i kho^ng 
nha^'t tri' vo+'i su+. dung tu.c hoa' mo^'i quan he^. giu+~a sa'ng ta'c va` 
phe^ bi`nh... ba(`ng ca'ch cho ra(`ng chu'ng "gio^'ng nhu+ hai cha^n cu?a 
mo^.t con ngu+o+`i "... the^' thi` theo thuye^'t hai cha^n... vi` va('ng 
bo'ng phe^ bi`nh, ne^`n va(n ho.c se~ pha?i ddi na.ng cha('c... khi nha` 
va(n ngo^`i vie^'t, cha('c o^ng ta pha?i thue^ mo^.t nha` phe^ bi`nh ngo^`i 
be^n ca.nh dde^? ta'c pha^?m ra ddo+`i ddu+o+.c mang ddu? hai cha^n ? Phe^ 
bi`nh ddu'ng nghi~a vu+`a ddi sau, vu+`a pha?i ddi tru+o+'c sa'ng ta'c. No' 
tie^'p ca^.n, ddo^`ng tho+`i co' khi pha?i lu`i la.i, hoa(.c vu+o+.t le^n 
tru+o+'c vu+`a dde^? du+. ba'o, vu+`a ddi.nh hu+o+'ng cho sa'ng ta'c" (tr. 
127-129).
Trong ca'ch nhi`n na`y, su+. ti`nh tha^.t gio^'ng nhu+ truye^.n cu+o+`i ke^? 
ve^` o^ng tha^`y ddo^` ma('ng anh ho.c tro` tro't a(n ma^'t ca'i ba'nh ra'n, 
du` ddi tru+o+'c, ddi ngang hay ddi sau cu~ng dde^`u bi. o^ng tha^`y ga`n 
lu.c va^'n. Nhi`n ro^.ng ra, lo^'i suy lua^.n vo+` vi.t hie^?u sai ca^u 
chu+~ vo+'i he^. tho^'ng ngo^n tu+` tra`o tie^'u, gie^~u nha.i, ma^.p mo+` 
nguye^`n ngoa ga^`n gio^'ng nhu+ kie^?u tu+ duy o+? ca'c truye^.n Tra.ng 
Quy`nh, Tra.ng Lo+.n, Xie^?n Ngo^. va` loa.i truye^.n tie^'u la^m cho+i 
chu+~ (Ca'i lo^ng voi, Ba anh me^ ngu?...) dda~ ta.o ne^n gio.ng ddie^.u 
suo^`ng sa~, phu` ho+.p vo+'i tu+ duy da^n gian ve^` nhu+~ng "le~ pha?i 
tho^ng thu+o+`ng". DDa^y vu+`a la` he^. qua? vu+`a la` phu+o+ng tie^.n cu?a 
ti'nh hoa'n du., thay the^' su+. ddo^'i thoa.i ho.c thua^.t nghie^m chi?nh 
ba(`ng lo^'i ba`i ba^y thu+' ye^'u, dda'nh ddo^`ng ca'i thu+' ye^'u vo+'i 
va^'n dde^` ho.c thua^.t vo^'n ddo`i ho?i su+. chuye^n sa^u va` ti'nh 
nghie^m chi?nh kha'ch quan.Ru't cuo^.c, dda~ co' the^? pha'c hoa. ddu+o+.c 
ca'i thao ta'c die^~n di.ch, ga'n ghe'p, no'i ngu+o+.c, dda^?y y' kie^'n 
ngu+o+`i kha'c va`o ca'i ro. "pha?n phe^ bi`nh" cu?a o^ng Ha?o dde^? ro^`i 
o^ng la.i tu+. mi`nh ddi ddo^'t dde^`n phe^ bi`nh: A kho^ng pha?i la` A, A 
suy ra A'; Chi'nh thao ta'c die^~n di.ch tu+` mo^.t dde^` cu+o+ng sa(~n co' 
(A suy ra A) dda~ giu'p o^ng Ha?o vie^'t khoe?, vie^'t nhanh va` thu na.p 
va`o kha' nhie^`u "vo^'n kie^'n thu+'c" du` chu+a ddu+o+.c hie^?u dde^'n 
no+i dde^'n cho^'n. Va` to^i dda~ hie^?u vi` sao kho^ng mo^.t nha` "pha?n 
phe^ bi`nh" na`o la.i ddu+'ng ra thanh minh, tranh lua^.n vo+'i su+. quy? 
hie^.n ve^` ca'i sai dda(.t ddie^`u A' kia. o+? dda^y, co^ng vie^.c cu?a 
to^i chu? ye^'u nha(`m chi? ra nhu+~ng thao ta'c suy die^~n dda^`y ti'nh 
nguy. bie^.n va` nhu+~ng sai la^`m ho.c thua^.t qua' dda'ng cu?a o^ng TMH. 
Mong o^ng so+'m co' ddu+o+.c nhu+~ng trang phe^ bi`nh gia`u ti'nh ho.c 
thua^.t ma` kho^ng ca^`n tu+.a va`o ba^'t cu+' mo^.t thu+' "pha?n" na`o 
ca?!./.

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