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Re: Va(n, Nguo+`i va` DDa^'t
Hong Lam Vu wrote:
Hi folks,
Co' ba'c na`o (hi`nh nhu+ ba'c Kho^?ng tu+?, tha^.m chi' co' ba'c
gia'o
su+ o+? VN co`n ba?o la` Kinh Di.ch) no'i ra(`ng "Va(n la` nguo+`i".
Tui
tha^'y kho^ng pha?i la('m. Hu? le^'u tui cho ra(`ng "Va(n la`
dda^'t",
_dda^'t_ hie^?u theo nghi~a ro^.ng, bao go^`m ca? 3 qua^n chu?ng:
ha?i,
lu.c, kho^ng qua^n.
Tui ddo.c J London xong chi? muo^'n pho'ng tha(?ng dde^'n Alaska
hi't ca'i
kho^ng khi' la.nh ma` trong cu?a no', ddo.c Turgeniev thi` la.i
thi'ch
ta('m mi`nh trong nhu+~ng la^u dda`i va` vuo+`n ca^y cu?a St.
Petersburg,
Petropavlovsk, ddo.c Aitmatov thi` la.i mo+ dde^'n nhu+~ng tha?o
nguye^n
Trung A' ti't ta('p....
Ca'c ba'c tha^'y the^' na`o?
Hong Lam.
Hi Hong Lam Vu,
Ho^m nay ha('n ddang tha^'p tho?m cho+` ca'i ddie^`u sa('p xa?y ra,
ha('n be`n huy ddo^.ng toa`n bo^. tho+`i gian qui' ba'u sa('p he^'t cu?a
ha('n dde^? nha?y va`o "dda^'t va(n" cu?a anh La^m. Do do^'t va(n ne^n
ha('n pha?i du`ng toa'n dde^? ba`n ve^` chuye^.n va(n.
Tru+o+'c he^'t ne^'u pha^n ti'ch ca'c tha`nh pha^`n cu?a chu+~ "va(n"
thi` ha('n tha^'y ra(`ng:
va(n = v + a( + n = vie^'t + a(n + ngu?
Tu+. nhie^n ha('n tha^'y thie^'u thie^'u ca'i gi` ddo', ma` ha('n ky'
hie^.u la` dd va` i. Nha` va(n ma` chi? bie^'t vie^'t, a(n va` ngu?
tho^i thi` ddo^i lu'c kho^ng co`n hu+'ng dde^? sa'ng ta'c. Ha('n cho
ra(`ng va(n pha?i chu+'a 5 tha`nh pha^`n: v, a(, n, dd, va` i. Vi`
the^' chu+~ "va(n" ca^`n ddu+o+.c mo+? ro^.ng tha`nh "va(nddi". Ha('n
bie^'t ra(`ng trong ca'c tra.i sa'ng ta'c (co' khi go.i la` tra.i
vie^'t), ca'c nha` va(n su+o+'ng ho+n nhie^`u so vo+'i tra.i ... ca?i
ta.o (:-)), bo+?i vi` tha`nh pha^`n dd xua^'t hie^.n vo+'i ta^`n so^'
cao ho+n nhie^`u so vo+'i ca'c tha`nh pha^`n kha'c. Ba tha`nh pha^`n v,
a(, n dde^`u la` ha`m cu?a bie^'n dd, gia' tri. cu?a bie^'n na`y ca`ng
ta(ng thi` v va` a( cu~ng ta(ng theo, (ha`m ddo^`ng bie^'n ma`), nhu+ng
n thi` gia?m su't ro~ re^.t do ba^'t bie^'n v + n = const. Co`n tha`nh
pha^`n i cu~ng kho^ng ke'm pha^`n quan tro.ng, bo+?i vi` ne^'u thie^'u
no' thi` ca? 4 tha`nh pha^`n kia tu+. nhie^n bie^'n ma^'t, nghi~a la` v
kho^ng co`n hay, a( kho^ng co`n ngon, n kho^ng ye^n gia^'c, va` dd
kho^ng khoa'i.
Ne^'u co' ai ddo' kho^ng ha`i lo`ng thi` ha('n tha`nh tha^.t xin lo^~i.
Ba^y gio+` thu+? ru't go.n chu+~ "va(nddi" tro+? la.i nhu+ cu~ tha`nh
"va(n" dde^? ba`n so+ ve^` y' kie^'n cu?a anh La^m.
Ha('n tha^'y anh La^m no'i "va(n la` dda^'t" (ky' hie^.u vld) cu~ng
ddu'ng, ma` Kho^?ng tu+? (?) no'i "va(n la` ngu+o+`i" (ky' hie^.u vln)
cu~ng ddu'ng. Vi` sao vld thi` anh La^m dda~ gia?i thi'ch o+? tre^n.
Co`n vi` sao vln thi` ha('n tha^'y ra(`ng, khi ddo.c cho^~ na`y thi` co'
ngu+o+`i ca ngo+.i anh X la` du~ng ca?m tho^ng minh, co' ngu+o+`i la.i
nga^`m ba('t chu+o+'c anh Y nho+` anh Y co' ti'nh dde^?u. Khi ddo.c
cho^~ kha'c thi` co' co^ nga^`m tha'n phu.c chi. W o+? ti'nh duye^n
da'ng va` a(n no'i sa('c sa?o, co' co^ thi` suo^'t nga`y ca ngo+.i ti'nh
chung thu?y cu?a chi. Z dde^? suo^'t dde^m ddi ... ngoa.i ti`nh.
Nhu+ va^.y, vld va` vln dde^`u ddu'ng. Kho^ng bie^'t ca'i na`o ddu'ng
ho+n ca'i na`o, nhu+ng ca? hai dde^`u chi? ddu'ng mo^.t pha^`n. Ba^y
gio+` thu+? a'p du.ng phe'p co^.ng xem sao:
va(n = dda^'t + ngu+o+`i
O+? dda^y "dda^'t" cu?a anh La^m tham lam no' bao la qua', bao go^`m ca?
ha?i, lu.c, kho^ng qua^n, tu+o+?ng chu+`ng nhu+ ca? vu~ tru.
Ne^'u gia? su+? :
dda^'t + ngu+o+`i = vu~ tru. (1)
Thi` ta co':
va(n = vu~ tru. (2)
Ha('n co' quye^`n gia? su+? vi` theo ha('n, trong khi la`m toa'n, la`m
tho+, la`m ti`nh hay la`m ba^'t cu+' vie^.c gi` kha'c thi?nh thoa?ng
ca^`n pha?i gia? su+? dde^? ba?o dda?m ti'nh lie^n tu.c cu?a ba`i toa'n,
ba`i tho+ hay mo^.t cuo^.c ti`nh. (:)).
Nhu+ng ne^'u va(n la` ca? vu~ tru. thi` dda~ ddu'ng ha(?n chu+a? Ha('n
ddang ti`m mo^.t vi' du. ngoa.i le^. dde^? thu+? ba'c bo? ddie^`u na`y.
Cha(?ng ha.n nhu+ ti`nh (ti`nh ba.n, ti`nh ye^u, ti`nh du.c, ti`nh
tang....) cu~ng thuo^.c va(n nhu+ng co' thuo^.c vu~ tru. kho^ng? Ne^'u
kho^ng thuo^.c vu~ tru. thi` me^.nh dde^` (2) ro~ ra`ng sai, co`n ne^'u
thuo^.c vu~ tru. thi` tra'i vo+'i gia? su+? (1) (?), suy ra me^.nh dde^`
(2) cu~ng sai. Kie^?u gi` cu~ng sai. Dde^'n dda^y ha('n bi' va` cu~ng
vu+`a he^'t gio+` vi` ca'i ddie^`u sa('p xa?y ra ddang dde^'n vo+'i
ha('n. Ha('n vo^.i ke^'t lua^.n cho xong chuye^.n: tho^i, va(n ==
va(nddi cu~ng ddu+o+.c.
--
Le Minh Trung
Asian Institute of Technology, STAR Program
P.O. Box 4 KlongLuang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Internet: http://www.rsl.ait.ac.th/~trung/
Tel. (662) 524 5585 Fax. (662) 524 6147