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VNSA-L digest 305
VNSA-L Digest 305
Topics covered in this issue include:
1) Re: War & Poisson distribution
by Tuan V Nguyen <t.nguyen@garvan.unsw.edu.au>
2) Re: Solar power
by Aiviet Nguyen <aiviet@cat.syr.edu>
3) Re: Take something back to Vietnam
by Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
4) Re: Solar power
by Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
5) Re: Solar power
by "Caotri Nguyen" <caotri@axis.jeack.com.au>
6) VN News (Mar. 26, 1997)
by Vu Thanh Ca <vuca@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
7) VN Buss. News (Mar. 26, 1997)
by Vu Thanh Ca <vuca@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
8) Re: Solar power
by Dang Ho <dangho@utkux.utcc.utk.edu>
9) Re: Stomach
by Le Minh Trung <trung@ait.ac.th>
10) "Independence" Movement in Xinjiang/China
by Yurong@oes.itri.org.tw
11) Re: Specificity
by VU KHAC Tri <tvk@info.fundp.ac.be>
12) Re: Specificity
by Dung Trong Nguyen <nguyen@jaist.ac.jp>
13) Re: TWO questions to experts ...
by Quoc-Lan Nguyen <Quoc-Lan.Nguyen@imag.fr>
14) Re: Specificity
by vuca@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp (Vu Thanh Ca)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Topic No. 1
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 12:54:06 +1000
From: Tuan V Nguyen <t.nguyen@garvan.unsw.edu.au>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: War & Poisson distribution
Message-ID: <1.5.4.16.19970327125445.3f5fc9f2@gimr.garvan.unsw.edu.au>
Hi Anh Huy and folks,
>Do you mean
>
> 0.69^x\times e^{-0.69}/x!,
>
>ie a Poisson dist with mean 0.69, instead of
>
> P(X = x) = 0.60 x e**(-0.69) / x!?
Yes. Sorry for the typo. Boy! it is hard to pass the
eyes of a statistician :)
>Fixed rate on average? No. World population increases between 1500 and 1931
>and it becomes easier to mobilise 50000+ men, so the rate of 50000+ man war
>should increase. For 1500-1931 I don't think that this is cancelled out by
>people less likely to resort to war and by fighting war with smaller
proportions
>of the population. I think this is enough to say that the fit is a fluke
>or a fiddle.
Interesting thought!
But given the goodness of fit of the model, I can
hardly think that it is a "fiddle." Now, if the number of
new wars initiated each year is constant (as we assumed),
what does it mean? it may mean that society has a constant
level of hostility. Years ago, I read an article somewhere
which says that the number of wars ending in a given year
can also be well described by the Poisson's law. Consider
two things together, one may say that the average constancy
in which society maintains is a reflection of a wish for
changes, not for war or peace.
>Independent? The wars in WWI were related, the Prussian wars were related,
the
>Napoleonic wars were related, the Louis XIV wars were related, the Swedish
wars
>were related, etc, wars by a powerful Ming or Ching emperor were related,
>wars after the Japanese modernisation were related etc. But it is reasonable
to
>think that in the old days in any one year clusters of related wars in
different
>regions of the world are quite independent. But how reasonable?
>
>Random. Quite reasonable.
Do not you think it is contradictory (or I
misunderstand your saying): The wars were related, but were
random. I do not think they are random events, because, to
my thinking, anything that can be modelled (by whatever
law) can not be considered to be stochastic.
Cheers,
Tuan
------------------------------
Topic No. 2
Date: Wed, 26 Mar 1997 21:06:11 -0500 (EST)
From: Aiviet Nguyen <aiviet@cat.syr.edu>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Solar power
Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.91.970326210305.14863A-100000@lynx.cat.syr.edu>
My russian iron has the power 1,200 Watt.
The power of an electric station should be measured in kW. So I think
that was 1,200KW. It is still not that big but maybe worth to talk to at all.
Aiviet
On Wed, 26 Mar 1997, Dam Son wrote:
>
> On Wed, 26 Mar 1997 huy.duong@ctsu.ox.ac.uk wrote:
>
> > Tra.m pha't ddie^.n na(ng lu+o+.ng ma(.t tro+`i dda~ ddu+o+.c ti?nh BDd
> > xa^y du+.ng ta.i ba'n dda?o ba~i Xe^'p, thuo^.c phu+o+`ng Quang Trung - TP
> > Quy Nhon. To^?ng co^ng sua^'t cu?a tra.m la` 1.200W cung ca^'p nguo^`n
> > ^^^^^
> > This seems too small, can you check, anh Son?
>
> Unfortunately I don't have the original. I guest it IS 1,200 W. I
> remembered I read somewhere that each WATT of solar power cost $8 of
> installation cost. The price quoted below is consistent with the value of
> 1,200W. I wondered how big is "khu da^n cu+" which is supplied with the
> electric power of 1,200W.
>
> > ddie^.n cho khu da^n cu+ ta.i dda^y. Kinh phi' xa^y du+.ng co^ng tri`nh
> > la` 120 trie^.u ddo^`ng. Vie^.t Hie^`n
>
> So+n.
>
>
>
------------------------------
Topic No. 3
Date: Wed, 26 Mar 1997 18:15:22 -0800 (PST)
From: Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Take something back to Vietnam
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.91.970326180222.9332K-100000@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
On Wed, 26 Mar 1997, Quoc-Lan Nguyen wrote:
> FAHASA (Co^ng ty phat' hanh` sach' TP HCM) co' dich vu nha^p sach' cu~ (original
> version) ve^` ban' tru*c tie^p'. U*u tie^n cho cac' sach' ve^` Computer Science,
> Economic, Management .., va` luo*ng sach' ve^` kho^ng it'. Buo*c' vao` cac'
> qua^y` sach' nay`, hay nhin` vao` tu? sach' cac' co^ng ty may' tinh', kho' noi'
> ra*ng` Vnam thie^u' tho^n' tai` lie^u. Cac' chuye^n nganh` khac' (Hoa', Co*
> Khi' ...) it' sach' ve^` va` cung~ ha^u` nhu* kho^ng co' ai dich ra.
Ca'c sa'ch gia'o khoa hie^.n dda.i o+? My~ ra^'t nhie^`u, ddu? ca'c
nga`nh, nhu+ng ra^'t dda('t ($70/quye^?n), kho^ng hie^?u ne^'u la`m xerox
ro^`i gu+?i ve^` thi` co' pha?i la` good idea kho^ng nhi? ?
Also, I recieved an email from Prof. Truong Nguyen Tran in France, in
which he wrote (we exchanged email about physics books but I guess
something can be done in other fields):
"It is a good idea to send basic books to VN, as you suggested. I assume
that you can have the book free of charge and want the vietnamese
institutions pay for the shipping charge. There are only 2 places which is
willing to do so but you must have their agreement in advance. These 2
persons are: Nguyen van Hieu from Hanoi and Tran Ha Anh from the Nuclear
Research Institute of Dalat."
Son.
------------------------------
Topic No. 4
Date: Wed, 26 Mar 1997 18:39:39 -0800 (PST)
From: Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Solar power
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.91.970326181917.9332L-100000@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
On Wed, 26 Mar 1997, Aiviet Nguyen wrote:
> My russian iron has the power 1,200 Watt.
> The power of an electric station should be measured in kW. So I think
> that was 1,200KW. It is still not that big but maybe worth to talk to at all.
> Aiviet
I don't think for a mere $11,000 (120 mil VND) you can built an electric
station of 1,200kW. It is simply too cheap. With the price of, say,
4 cents for 1 kWh, this station would recover its cost during the first
10 days of operation.
If the power of the station is 1,200W, it can serve a maximum of
20 families, assuming each of them has only one 60W electric bulb.
Also, two families cannot iron simultaniously. Hm...
Son.
------------------------------
Topic No. 5
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 14:09:50 +1100
From: "Caotri Nguyen" <caotri@axis.jeack.com.au>
To: <vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu>
Subject: Re: Solar power
Message-ID: <199703270405.OAA28315@axis.jeack.com.au>
Cong xuat cu?A tra.m solar power na`y la 1200W.Cong suat na`y la` tong cong
suat cu?a ca/c panel solar sell. Toa`n bo^. nang luong na`y se~ dduo.c
charge va`o accu.
Khi du`ng thi` se~ co' converter de^? chuye^?n tha`nh 220 AC.
Mot panel solar sell 75W peak gia' khoa?ng 400-500 USD o? Vietnam
===> De6> xay du.ng mot bo^. panel 1200W Peak ti` ca^`n khoa?ng 20 panel
nhu* va^.y ==> 400USD * 20 = 8,000USD
Co`n ca'cchi phi' xay du.ng khung, Thiet bi. ddie^~u khie^?n, chager ,
converter, accu, nha` chu*'a ca'c thie^'t bi. tre^n, he^. tho6'ng pha^n
pho^'i ddie^.n ,...
----------
> From: Dam Son <son@fermi.phys.washington.edu>
> To: Multiple recipients of list <vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu>
> Subject: Re: Solar power
> Date: Thursday, March 27, 1997 1:47 PM
>
>
> On Wed, 26 Mar 1997, Aiviet Nguyen wrote:
>
> > My russian iron has the power 1,200 Watt.
> > The power of an electric station should be measured in kW. So I think
> > that was 1,200KW. It is still not that big but maybe worth to talk to
at all.
> > Aiviet
>
> I don't think for a mere $11,000 (120 mil VND) you can built an electric
> station of 1,200kW. It is simply too cheap. With the price of, say,
> 4 cents for 1 kWh, this station would recover its cost during the first
> 10 days of operation.
>
> If the power of the station is 1,200W, it can serve a maximum of
> 20 families, assuming each of them has only one 60W electric bulb.
> Also, two families cannot iron simultaniously. Hm...
>
> Son.
------------------------------
Topic No. 6
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 13:26:19 +0900
From: Vu Thanh Ca <vuca@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
To: viet-khsv@is.aist-nara.ac.jp, vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: VN News (Mar. 26, 1997)
Message-ID: <9703270424.AA02915@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
Mar 26: Second Vietnam-China passenger rail crossing to open in Apri
Mar 26: Vietnam rejects criticisms from human rights group
Mar 26: Two accused of defrauding Vietnam's biggest state bank
Mar 26: Vietnamese police launch hunt for escaped judge on drug charges
Wednesday - Mar 26, 1997
Second Vietnam-China passenger rail crossing to open in April
HANOI (AFP) - Vietnam and China will open their
second border crossing to passenger trains in April, local
reports said Wednesday.
The crossing between Vietnam's Lao Cai province and China's
southwestern Yunnan province will open to passengers on
April 18, the official Vietnam News reported. It is already
open to freight.
China and Vietnam reopened their first cross-border railway
between Guangxi and Lan Song provinces in February 1996
after an 18 year suspension.
Rail links were severed after border clashes between the
two countries sparked by Vietnam's 1979 invasion of
Cambodia, which ousted that country's Khmer Rouge regime.
Relations between the two states were normalised in 1991,
though the neighbours are currently engaged in a dispute
over oil and gas claims in the South China Sea.
Wednesday - Mar 26, 1997
Vietnam rejects criticisms from human rights group
HANOI (AFP) - The Vietnamese government Wednesday
rejected a claim from a human rights group that nearly 200
Vietnamese Buddhists were threatening to burn themselves
alive in protest at the disbanding of their organisation.
"There is absolutely no case of nearly 200 buddhists
threatening to set themselves on fire because their
organisation has been disbanded," a foreign ministry
spokesman said.
"This is not the first time the Vietnam Committee on Human
Rights has maliciously made up information to damage
Vietnam," he said.
The Paris-based committee, in a document received here last
Saturday, accused the official Vietnam Buddhist Church of
having dissolved the "Buddhist Youth Movement" at the start
of the year
The movement, which is similar to the Scouts organisation,
groups more than 300,000 young people aged between six and
18.
The committee president told the United Nations Human
Rights Commission, in its annual session in Geneva on
Friday, the Buddhists made their threat in the face of a
government campaign of religious repression.
"The government respects religious activities and creates
favourable conditions for Buddhists to practise their
religion in a healthy way under the instruction of the
(official) Vietnam Buddhist Church and conforming to
Vietnamese law," added the spokesman.
The communist regime in Hanoi, which has been in
confrontation with the Buddhist opposition since the
creation of the official church in 1981, systematically
rejects all western criticisms of the human rights
situation in Vietnam.
Wednesday - Mar 26, 1997
Two accused of defrauding Vietnam's biggest state bank
HANOI (AFP) - Ho Chi Minh City police have
accused two export company directors of defrauding the
country's largest state bank of nearly 18 million dollars,
reports said Wednesday.
"In terms of a potential banking crisis this is serious,"
said a Vietnamese businessman and part owner of a
joint-stock bank in Ho Chi Minh City.
Tang Minh Phung, director of Minh Phung Export Garment Co
Ltd and Lien Khui Thin, director general of EPCO Import
Export Company were arrested after it was discovered that
collateral used on a loan had gone missing, the Ho Chi Minh
City People's Prosecution said Tuesday.
EPCO reportedly lent commodities worth 200.4 billion dong,
(17.9 million) including silk, iron and plastic to Minh
Phung for collateral on a loan from the Bank for Foreign
Trade of Vietnam (Vietcombank), the Saigon Times Daily
reported.
Observers said more revelations involving larger sums were
expected in coming days.
"This has the potential to be 10 times as big as Tamexco,"
the businessman said, referring to a notorious corruption
case involving losses of 40 million dollars at a
state-owned trading company. Four people were later
condemned to death.
Documents said the two were apprehended Monday for "abusing
confidence to appropriate socialist properties," police
said.
Both companies are private concerns believed to have
defaulted on letters of credit to foreign and domestic
banks.
The EPCO case is the latest revelation of problems which
have beset the domestic banking industry.
According to one estimate there is close to one billion
dollars in deferred letters of credit, a huge amount for a
country whose total imports are expected to reach only 2.72
billion in the first quarter of this year. Minh Phung is
one of Vietnam's largest garment manufacturers with more
than 9,000 employees. Like many high flying private joint
stock companies it has diversified into property
development and import-export.
EPCO, which has trade offices in Sydney and San Francisco,
is a big exporter of fertilizer and coffee with turnover
exceeding 150 million dollars last year.
Officials at both EPCO and Minh Phung have refused to
comment.
Wednesday - Mar 26, 1997
Vietnamese police launch hunt for escaped judge on drug charges
Hanoi (dpa) - Vietnamese police have launched a nation-wide hunt for a
provincial judge who was recently caught with six kilograms of opium but
who escaped from jail, a local newspaper reported Wednesday.
Mua Nenh Thong, a district court judge in north-central Nghe An
province, escaped one hour after he was arrested feigning a headache
that required him to get some fresh air, the Tuoi Tre reported.
Thong, a member of an ethnic minority, served as a judge in Ky Son
district, an opium-growing area which lies on the border with Laos.
Ky Son lies along Highway 7 which is considered to be a main route for
traffickers bringing drugs from the Golden Triangle to Vietnamese ports
or for increasing domestic consumption.
------------------------------
Topic No. 7
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 13:35:55 +0900
From: Vu Thanh Ca <vuca@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
To: viet-khsv@is.aist-nara.ac.jp, vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: VN Buss. News (Mar. 26, 1997)
Message-ID: <9703270434.AA02928@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
Mar 26: Vivant Acquires Majority Interest In Vietnamese Joint Venture
Mar 26: PetroVietnam CEO: Still In Refinery Talks With LG, Petronas
Mar 26: Vietnam moves to tighten press controls to protect banking secrets
Wednesday, Mar 26, 1997
Vivant Acquires Majority Interest In Vietnamese Joint Venture
Canadian Corporate News
NEWS RELEASE TRANSMITTED BY CANADIAN CORPORATE NEWS
CALGARY, ALBERTA--VIVANT IS PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE that it has acquired 72
percent of the issued and outstanding shares (subject to the Alberta Stock
Exchange approval) of AmViet Development Corporation (AmViet), the operating
company that owns 70 percent of the shares of AmViet Mineral Water Company
with the remaining 30 percent owned by the Quang Tri Beer Factory. AmViet
Mineral has an existing infrastructure in place to bottle water and beverages
in Vietnam. Additionally, Vivant retains the option to acquire the remaining
28 percent of AmViet stock at a price equal to the greater of $784,000 and 3
times the net income before taxes, depreciation and amortization and Vivant's
management charges. The option exercise price can be satisfied by cash, notes
or shares; the determination of which is at Vivant's discretion and subject to
ASE approval.
Vietnam is a rapidly emerging business center in Southeast Asia with its
proactive governmental business focus, and essentially untapped natural
resource base. Vietnam has a highly educated and skilled workforce, and an
economically-improving population benefiting from increased foreign investment
and tourism. Fusing this backdrop with the need for the country to import the
vast majority of its purified drinking water, management sees an excellent
opportunity for growth. Additionally, domestic producers are exempt from
tariffs and this acquisition fills this requirement.
Vietnam, however, remains a socialist country with its commensurate risks
including a challenging and at times tedious bureaucracy; a legal and
accounting system that is inconsistent and not up to Western standards; an
unsophisticated financing methodology that favors hard currency over credit
notes and payment schedules; an underdeveloped distribution and infrastructure
system; and a complex tax regime.
AmViet is a holding company designed to capitalize on emerging business
opportunities within Vietnam through an experienced, professional and
entrepreneurial management team including Mr. Richard Hensel (President of
Construction Management Group, Inc.). Gerald Jensen (Chairman of Croff Oil
Company), Brian Dubey (Director of Plans & Review Office, Maryland State Dept.
of Health), and John Troha, (Director of Vietnam Operations) living full time
in Vietnam for the past 3 years. This team has over 100 years of business
management and project development.
For the 72 percent interest Vivant is responsible for the following:
a: to issue 3,000,000 common shares (subject to applicable hold periods and
escrow provisions) of Vivant at a value of $0.24 for an effective sum of CDN
$720,000.
b: to further fund the water bottling operation with CDN $540,000 over the
next quarter; proceeds of which will come from a future private placement.
At the core of AmViet's operations are three licensing arrangements. It
should be noted that the granting of licenses is restricted to those companies
passing stringent government scrutiny and possessing appropriate
relationships. Vivant and AmViet have passed those requirements. The first,
is the granting of a water license for an onsite natural source for bottling
water for domestic market and the exclusive distribution channels for the
product for an estimated 10 million litres. As well, there is a license in
place for Natural Mineral Springs off-site as a separate water supply.
Secondly, a PET license is also retained for full PET plastic bottle
production within the water and beverage plants with total volumes of 44
million bottles. PET technology allows the production of preforms which are
the first stage of a two-stage process in the manufacture of finished
reheated, molded plastic bottles. Plastic bottle production will be
implemented as product sales increase in order to provide on-site supply of
empty bottles. Thirdly, and perhaps most significantly is the exclusive
license rights for the production of American based Monarch brands (i.e. Dad's
Root Beer, Bubble-Up, Kick-A-Poo Joy Juice, to name a few).
Vivant is excited about the competitive advantage that AmViet holds over
competitors due to the recent discontinuance of any new beverage licenses
being granted by the Vietnamese Government. Vivant believes that there is for
considerable upside potential from the realization of congruent opportunities
including tapping plastic bottles sales within the central region of Vietnam
and expanding plant capacities if demand warrants.
The Vivant Group is a global food and beverage company actively involved in
exports and overseas production and consulting/project management. Vivant
intends to be a fully integrated company concentrating on domestic and
overseas plastic container manufacturing and the marketing of Vivant's
proprietary and joint venture brands.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT:
Vivant Group Inc., The John Burdiga Senior Vice President (403)
974-0370 or Vivant Group Inc., The Gary Churchill Investor Relations
Dept. (403) 266-5331
Wednesday, Mar 26, 1997
PetroVietnam CEO: Still In Refinery Talks With LG, Petronas
HO CHI MINH CITY, Vietnam -- Vietnam Oil & Gas Corp. (PetroVietnam)
continues
to discuss with South Korea's LG Group (Q.LGG) and Malaysia's Petroliam
National Bhd
(Petronas) (P.PET) about building the nation's first oil refinery, PetroVietnam
President and Chief Executive Officer Ngo Thuong San told reporters Wednesday.
Despite the recent collapse of the second foreign consortium that had
planned to build the refinery, LG and Petronas 'say they are always
interested' in continuing to investigate the project, San said.</p>
But he noted that LG and Petronas still 'want to have privileges to increase
the rate of return' on the project from the level Vietnam is now prepared to
offer. He specifically mentioned tax breaks and the right to sell refined
products domestically as two of the benefits the companies are seeking.</p>
LG and Petronas both had participated in the second failed consortium of
foreign companies that had discussed building the refinery. That consortium
was formally terminated in February.</p>
PetroVietnam says it would like to open the planned $1.3-$1.5 billion
refinery in 2000. The refinery is intended to have an annual capacity of 6.5
million metric tons and is scheduled to be located in Dung Quat, a remote
fishing village on the central coast about 900 kilometers north of Ho Chi
Minh City.</p>
Separately, San said PetroVietnam expects to award drilling rights for
offshore Block 15-1 'soon.' He said PetroVietnam is waiting for a consortium
led by Conoco Inc. of the U.S. to merge with Geopetrol SA of France.</p>
The Conoco consortium and Geopetrol had submitted separate bids for 15-1,
but PetroVietnam wants to work with both of them, San said.</p>
Asked why PetroVietnam wants the two bidding entities to form one
consortium, San replied, 'We want to cooperate with all companies.'</p>
The other participants in Conoco's consortium are South Korea's Korea
Petroleum Development Corp. and South Korea's Yukong Ltd. (C.YUK).</p>
Two other foreign consortia had also been short-listed for Block 15-1. The
block is regarded as the most promising that Vietnam has yet to award.</p>
Meanwhile, San said PetroVietnam is waiting for the Ministry of Planning and
Investment to formally approve a proposal that would make Petronas the
operator of the Dai Hung oil field.</p>
Petronas has agreed to take over the 43.75% stake of the current operator,
Australia's Broken Hill Proprietary Co. (BHP).</p>
San said Petronas will have the same production-sharing agreement as BHP. He
also said PetroVietnam is discussing lifting its stake in the field from its
current 15% level.</p>
San said Petronas will need to develop the field further than has occurred
already.</p>
BHP has said it is pulling out of the field because the production-sharing
contract with PetroVietnam isn't attractive, given the field's
lower-than-expect output.</p>
Turning to what is probably Vietnam's most promising oil or gas project, San
said he expects natural gas production from the Nam Con Son basin to begin
in 1999. The British Petroleum Co. PLC (BP), which will lead the development
of the basin, has estimated recoverable reserves of 58 billion cubic meters
in Block 06-1 and has also reported a 'significant' gas find in nearby Block
05-2.</p>
BP is also leading the development of the 365-kilometer pipeline that will
bring gas from the field onshore, where it is expected to be used by several
power and fertilizer plants. San said the 1999 goal for starting production
'isn't only BP's target, it is also ours.'</p>
Returning to the Dung Quat refinery, San said PetroVietnam is prepared to
put a large portion of its annual profits from the VietSovPetro joint
venture toward the construction of the refinery. He said more than $120
million a year of VietSovPetro profit can be directed to the refinery
project.</p>
A Russian-Vietnamese joint venture, VietSovPetro produces about 90% of
Vietnam's crude oil.</p>
The comment is notable because since the Vietnamese government indicated in
February that it is prepared to build the refinery itself, questions have
swirled about how the nation would fund the project.</p>
San made his comments following the opening of PetroVietnam '97, an oil and
gas industry exhibition, which began Wednesday and continues through Friday.
Wednesday, Mar 26, 1997
Vietnam moves to tighten press controls to protect banking secrets
Hanoi (dpa) - Vietnam has moved to tighten state control over the
domestic press coverage of the scandal-ridden banking sector, according
to a new government ``guidance'' document that came into effect
Wednesday.
Protecting the ``state's secrets'' in the banking sector is a
particular objective of the new ``inter-ministerial circular'' which was
issued earlier this month by the central bank and the ministry of
information and culture.
State secrets are not defined in the circular, which itself has not
been made public.
Both the central bank and state comercial bankers have come under
sharp criticism recently over revelations that the banking sector is
saddled with a worrying amount of bad loans through lax management and
corruption.
The ministry of culture and information supervises the local press - a
function it shares with Communist Party organs - but the circular is
also likely to make it more difficult for the foreign press to report on
the banking sector as well.
The circular exposes the already cosy relationship that exists between
the state-controlled press and government authorities and directs that
this propagandistic coordination be made even closer.
Any press organization that wishes to use ``secret information'' about
the banking sector ``has to get approval from the head of the bank who
directly manage those secrets'', instructs the document.
The central bank is responsible for informing the press about the list
of state secrets and to alert them to any changes so as to make them
``correctly comply'' with the regulations, the document added.
It also directs that newspapers that want to reveal ``highly
professional information. .. should consult'' with the relevant bank or
the central bank.
The document says ``good press'' organizations will be rewarded and
that other ``settlement'' will be made with those who do not cooperate.
The circular also appears to direct state banking authorities to adopt
a more pro-active press approach by making them responsible for
``accurate, quick and timely supply of information''.
``As the banking system has is own unique social characteristics, all
information related to its operation in the mass media effects not only
the banking service, the stability of the state's monetary system, but
also the Vietnamese banking status in the international arena,'' said an
unofficial translation of the document.
Officials recently revealed that state banks in Ho Chi Minh City were
carrying overdue loans of 64 million dollars and that more than half of
those were more than one year overdue.
Vietnam's banking sector was rocked last month by reports, first
published by Asia Times newspaper - that VP Bank, a private bank which
was the first to have foreign shareholders, had defaulted on a deferred
letter of credit worth nearly three million dollars.
------------------------------
Topic No. 8
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 00:42:31 -0500 (EST)
From: Dang Ho <dangho@utkux.utcc.utk.edu>
To: Multiple recipients of list <vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu>
Subject: Re: Solar power
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.94.970327003948.25386A-100000@UTKUX1.UTK.EDU>
So far solar power is not feasible yet. Beside, the output isn't that
high compare to the nuclear reactor which can provide 1200 MegaWatt
capacity enough for a big city.
On Wed, 26 Mar 1997, Dam Son wrote:
>
> On Wed, 26 Mar 1997, Aiviet Nguyen wrote:
>
> > My russian iron has the power 1,200 Watt.
> > The power of an electric station should be measured in kW. So I think
> > that was 1,200KW. It is still not that big but maybe worth to talk to at all.
> > Aiviet
>
> I don't think for a mere $11,000 (120 mil VND) you can built an electric
> station of 1,200kW. It is simply too cheap. With the price of, say,
> 4 cents for 1 kWh, this station would recover its cost during the first
> 10 days of operation.
>
> If the power of the station is 1,200W, it can serve a maximum of
> 20 families, assuming each of them has only one 60W electric bulb.
> Also, two families cannot iron simultaniously. Hm...
>
> Son.
>
------------------------------
Topic No. 9
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 13:04:59 +0700
From: Le Minh Trung <trung@ait.ac.th>
To: Toan <toan@usa.net>, vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Stomach
Message-ID: <333A0E0B.43B6@ait.ac.th>
Hi ba'c Toan,
Many thanks for your good lessons.
I still have some questions, not only for me.
2 ddie^`u ha.i la`:
1. Carbon soda la`m co+ the^? kho^ng ha^'p thu. ddu+o+.c Calcium.
Nhu+~ng
ngu+o+`i uo^'ng nhie^`u co^ca (hay ba^'t cu+' loa.i nu+o+'c carbon
soda
na`o kha'c) chu+`ng 1 li't/nga`y trong 2-3 na(m tro+? ddi thi` se~
tha^'y
ha`m ra(ng ddi tru+o+'c, ro^`i xu+o+ng co^'t ddi sau (ga~y).
I heard that in Silicon Valey, Microsoft Offices... people there
(include many vietnamese, indians, and of course americans) drink coke
(cocacola) for free. 1 liter/day is normal "rate" for these people.
Do they know about this? I've decided to drink only 1 coke/day, not 3
cokes/day as before.
2. Ca-phe^-in la` mo^.t ki'ch thi'ch to^' (stimulant) co' the^?
nghie^.n
ddu+o+.c va` co' pha?n u+'ng trong co+ the^? ne^'u ngu+o+`i nghie^.n
bo?
kho^ng tie^'p tu.c (ta'nh cha^'t na`y thu+o+`ng vo+'i dda so^' ca'c
cha^'t
nghie^.n--a'-phie^.n, ca^`n sa, ru+o+.u, bia, thuo^'c la', dda`n
ba` ).
Bo+?i va^.y ne^'u ba'c nghie^.n ca`-phe^-in, du` la` co^ ca hay
ca`-phe^,
ne^'u sa'ng da^.y ma` kho^ng co' no' thi` ca?m tha^'y mi`nmh kho^ng
la`m
vie^.c ddu+o+.c, ra^'t kho' chi.u tu+` dda^`u o'c dde^'n co+ the^?
Ngoa`i bia ra, mi`nh kho^ng nghie^.n thu+' na`o kha'c. Co`n trong ca'c
loa.i dda`n (dda`n ba`, dda`n o^ng, dda`n guitar, dda`n tranh ...) thi`
mi`nh su+o+'ng nha^'t la` dda`n ... em. Mo^.t tha(`ng dda`n em xi.n
pha?i ho+n 10 co^ thu+ ky' xinh. (:-))
No'i ve^` da. da`y:
Co' le~ vi` ba'c bi. nho'i trong da. da`y ma` ho?i ca^u na`y. Mo^.t
li' do
la` thu+'c khuya! Ne^'u ba'c ngu? so+'m va` da^.y so+'m thi` i't khi
na`o
bi. chuye^.n na`y. Nu+~a la` ca(ng tha(?ng. Ba'c ma` ca(ng tha(?ng
nhie^`u
thi` mau loe't ca'i da. da`y la('m. Cha^'t acid trong ddo' ddu?
dde^?
nu+o+'ng mo^.t mie^'ng sa('t mo?ng, ne^'u no' tu+. <nu+o+'ng> no'
thi`
lu?ng la` chuye^.n thu+o+`ng.
Da. da`y mi`nh ddang co`n "gin". Chi? co' ddie^`u la` dda~ to^`n ta.i 2
nga`y lie^n tie^'p mi`nh kho^ng a(n mo^.t ti' gi`, tru+` uo^'ng bia, ma`
va^~n la`m vie^.c bi`nh thu+o+`ng. Kho^ng bie^'t da. da`y mi`nh co' la`m
sao hay kho^ng.
Nghe no'i bia va` tru+'ng ga` kho^ng ho+.p nhau pha?i kho^ng? Bia la`m
cho co+ the^? kho^ng ha^'p thu. ddu+o+.c tru+'ng ga`, hay tru+'ng ga`
la`m cho co+ the^? kho^ng xua^'t ddu+o+.c bia?
Thu+'c a(n cu?a ngu+o+`i La`o la'ng gie^`ng ta ra^'t to^'t cho da.
da`y,
ho. a(n nhie^`u ne^'p. Ne^'p, co' du`ng trong ca'c loa.i xo^i,
tra'ng da.
da`y va` ra^'t to^'t ne^'u ba'c bi. ddau.
O+? Thai cu~ng va^.y, xo^i ra^'t ngon. Va` mi`nh cu~ng hay a(n thu+'
na`y.
Many thanks again, Toan.
Personal question: mi`nh kho^ng hie^?u ta.i sao ba'c Toa`n du`ng email
usa.net ma` kho^ng du`ng email go^'c. Ba?n tha^n mi`nh cu~ng ddang co' 3
accounts: ait.ac.th, hotmail.com va` usa.net. Nhu+ng hai ca'i kia mi`nh
chu+a xa`i.
--
Le Minh Trung
Asian Institute of Technology, STAR Program
P.O. Box 4 KlongLuang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Internet: http://www.rsl.ait.ac.th/~trung/
Tel. (662) 524 5585 Fax. (662) 524 6147
------------------------------
Topic No. 10
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 15:17:49 +0800
From: Yurong@oes.itri.org.tw
To: vnforum@saigon.com, vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: "Independence" Movement in Xinjiang/China
Message-ID: <48256467:00271615.00@oesns4.oes.itri.org.tw>
Hello, forumors
You have certainly sometimes heard about movements for independence in
Taiwan and Tibet. Recently, there are some news about this kind of movement
in Xinjiang which is one of the largest provinces located in the North-West
of China.
Can anyone out there provide me some news about this?
If Taiwan becomes independent country then Tibet become independent, then
Xinjiang become independent, then Quangdong become... then China will be
....This kind of event may become real ???
Regards
------------------------------
Topic No. 11
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 09:34:21 +0100
From: VU KHAC Tri <tvk@info.fundp.ac.be>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Specificity
Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19970327093421.00685650@info.fundp.ac.be>
Cha`o ca'c ba.n,
DDo.c ba`i na`y ma` thu*.c lo`ng tha^'y kho^ng vui/. Trong khi dda^'t
nu*o*'c co`n nghe`o, da^n mi`nh co`n nhie^`u ngu*o*`i kho^?/. Vui ca'i
no^~i gi`, gio?i ca'i no^~i gi` ma` giu*o*ng mo? "ti?a to't" nhau o*?
ca'i xu*' na`y/. Nghe ra ma` the^m ra^`u tho^i/.
To^i cha('c cha('n VN co' ca^u:
"Ga` cu`ng mo^.t me. cho*' hoa`i dda' nhau"
Nhu*ng kho^ng nho*' tu*` ba`i tho* ca na`o/. Ai bie^'t xin post cho ddu?
ba`i/.
Ca'm o*n/.
VU KHAC Tri.
>> Cha`o ba'c Tie^'n,
>>
>> Va^.y thi` ba'c ne^n ca^?n tha^.n ho+n.
>
>Ca'm o+n ba'c co' lo+`i khuye^n\. Nhu+ng tu+` xu+a dde^'n nay
>chu+a ai co' the^? be? ca^u chu+~ cu?a to^i ddu+o+.c
>(ta^'t nhie^n tru+` ho^`i to^i co`n ho.c pho^? tho^ng va`
>sai chi'nh ta?). Be? chu+~ vo+'i to^i thi` e ra(`ng ba'c co`n
>theo chu+a ki.p dda^u\.
>
>
>>
>> Ba'c no'i ve^`
>>
>> > > nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i ddu+o+`ng ddu+o+`ng mang quo^'c
>> > > ti.ch VN, mo+? mie^.ng va^~n nha^.n thuo^.c da^n to^.c VN, va(n ho'a
>> > > VN, no'i nhu+ ro^`ng bay phu+o+.ng mu'a ve^` kie^'n thie^'t, xa^y
>> > > du+.ng VN etc.
>>
>> co' ra^'t nhie^`u ngu+o+`i nhu+ va^.y, ke^? ca? ngu+o+`i ty. na.n.
>> No'i ve^` nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i -do' nhu+
>
>
>Ngu+o+`i ddo' co' "no'i nhu+ ro^`ng bay phu+o+.ng mu'a ve^` kie^'n thie^'t
>xa^y du+.ng VN etc." kho^ng ? Ne^'u ngu+o+`i ddo' ho^.i tu. dda^`y ddu?
>tie^u chua^?n na`y thi` mo+'i co' the^? ddu+a va`o loa.i ngu+o+`i
>ma` to^i no'i\. Co`n ne^'u kho^ng thi` hie^?n nhie^n na(`m ngoa`i
>pha.m tru` ca^u no'i cu?a to^i\.
>Ma` ba'c hie^?u "ro^`ng bay phu+o+.ng mu'a" nhu+ the^' na`o ?
>
>
>> > > chi? toa`n ngo^`i o+? nu+o+'c ngoa`i kie^'n
>> > > thie^'t va` xa^y du+.ng VN ba(`ng mo^`m tho^i\. Tuy nhie^n cu~ng
>> > > pha?i ca?m o+n ho. vi` xa^y ba(`ng mo^`m cu~ng la` xa^y, co' co`n
>> > > ho+n kho^ng va` ho. cho ra(`ng o+? ho. o+? nu+o+'c ngoa`i thi` se~
>> > > hu+~u i'ch cho VN ho+n ho+n la` ho. o+? VN\.
>>
>> la` co' ga^y -du.ng cha.m a^?u. Ba'c kho^ng ne^n no'i va^.y. I't nha^'t
>> ba'c cu~ng pha?i no'i "co' nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i", thay vi` "nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i".
>
>
>To^i dda~ gio+'i ha.n pha.m tru` ba(`ng ca'c bo^? ngu+~ tie^'p theo
>sau thi` vie^.c gi` to^i pha?i gio+'i ha.n ba(`ng chu+~ "co'".
>Ai co' ta^.t gia^.t mi`nh thi` ddo' la` chuye^.n cu?a ngu+o+`i ta\.
>Ngoa`i ra ca^`n pha?i no'i "nhu+~ng" kho^ng co' nghi~a la` ta^'t
>ca?\. "Nhu+~ng quye^?n sa'ch, vie^'t nhu+ ro^`ng bay phu+o+.ng
>mu'a ve^` ti`nh ye^u" thi` kho^ng co' nghi~a la` ta^'t ca? nhu+~ng
>quye^?n sa'ch vie^'t ve^` ti`nh ye^u\.
>
>
>> To^'t ho+n ba'c ne^n no'i ro~ la` ba'c -dang no'i ve^` nhu+~ng DHS
>> xin ty. na.n. Va` ba'c kho^ng the^? -du.ng cha.m a^?u ro^`i no'i ngang
>> la` to^i hie^?u gi` la` quye^`n cua? to^i.
>
>To^i chi? co' the^? take care ca'i gi` to^i vie^'t\. Co`n ngu+o+`i ddo.c
>kho^ng co' ddu? kie^'n thu+'c Vie^.t va(n dde^? hie^?u thi` ddo' kho^ng
>pha?i la` vie^.c cu?a to^i\. Ngu+o+`i ta hie^?u the^' na`o cu~ng na(`m ngoa`i
>pha.m vi kie^?m soa't cu?a to^i\. Nhu+ng ta^'t ca? ca'c chu+~ ma` to^i
>du`ng dde^`u co' the^? tra trong ca'c tu+. ddie^?n tie^'ng Vie^.t.
>
>
>>
>> > > co`n du ho.c sinh ddo+`i cha cho
>> > > chi' ddo+`i con hu+o+?ng lo^.c cu?a CHXHCN VN thi` la.i ddu+o+.c
>> > > ty. na.n\.
>>
>> Tru+o+`ng ho+.p DHS/NCS xin va` -du+o+.c ty. na.n kho^ng pho^? bie^'n -du?
>> (eg >50%) -de^? ba'c no'i `du ho.c sinh'. Ba'c ne^n no'i `co' DHS'. I't
>
>To^i kho^ng du`ng so^' nhie^`u thi` vie^.c gi` to^i pha?i du`ng "co'".
>"Co`n quye^?n sa'ch ba'n ddu+o+.c 10$ thi` la.i vu+'t ddi" kho^ng co'
>nghi~a la` ta^'t ca? ca'c quye^?n sa'ch ba'n ddu+o+.c 10$. Khi na`o
>to^i vie^'t "ta^'t ca? DHS ..." thi` may ra mo+'i co' the^? be?
>ddu+o+.c to^i tho^i\.
>
>Cheers, Tien.
>
>
------------------------------
Topic No. 12
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 18:00:42 JST
From: Dung Trong Nguyen <nguyen@jaist.ac.jp>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Specificity
Message-ID: <199703270900.SAA28488@mikan.jaist.ac.jp>
VU KHAC Tri <tvk@info.fundp.ac.be> wrote:
> Cha`o ca'c ba.n,
>
> DDo.c ba`i na`y ma` thu*.c lo`ng tha^'y kho^ng vui/. Trong khi dda^'t
> nu*o*'c co`n nghe`o, da^n mi`nh co`n nhie^`u ngu*o*`i kho^?/. Vui ca'i
> no^~i gi`, gio?i ca'i no^~i gi` ma` giu*o*ng mo? "ti?a to't" nhau o*?
> ca'i xu*' na`y/. Nghe ra ma` the^m ra^`u tho^i/.
> To^i cha('c cha('n VN co' ca^u:
> "Ga` cu`ng mo^.t me. cho*' hoa`i dda' nhau"
> Nhu*ng kho^ng nho*' tu*` ba`i tho* ca na`o/. Ai bie^'t xin post cho ddu?
> ba`i/.
>
> Ca'm o*n/.
Hi ba'c Tri',
Ca^u ddu? hi`nh nhu+ the^' na`y:
Kho^n ngoan ddo^'i dda'p ngu+o+`i ngoa`i
Ga` cu`ng mo^.t me. cho+' hoa`i dda' nhau
Nhu+ng to^i cho la` ga` cu`ng mo^.t me. cu~ng pha?i thu+o+`ng xuye^n
ta^.p do+.t dda' nhau cho+i\. Khi mang ddi dda' ddo^. thi` mo+'i
tru'ng gia?i ddu+o+.c cho+' :)
Cheers, d~
------------------------------
Topic No. 13
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 1997 10:05:20 +0100
From: Quoc-Lan Nguyen <Quoc-Lan.Nguyen@imag.fr>
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: TWO questions to experts ...
Message-ID: <199703270905.KAA15422@seth.imag.fr>
> Sure, there are quite a lot in Fortran and in C. You can also write one
> by yourself if no additional requirements are needed.
> The standard library package of CERN or CORNELL has very good error control
> and very stable.
> The program does not know that the equation has solution or not. So if
> you specify a smalll error, the algorithm will not be convergent and will
> loop forever. If you specify a large enough error, it will output some
> solution depending on the starting point.
> Cheers
> Aiviet
> PS: Are you interested in the Algorithm they use in those packages?
Xin phep' bac' Aiviet de tui chen vo. Tui quan ta^m de^n' cac' Algorithm xu dung
trong cac' pha^n` me^m` do', cang` ty? my? cang` to^t'. Cha*ng? hay bac' Aiviet
co' the^? cho bie^t' dia chi? de^? tim` doc?
Cam' o*n truo*c',
QLa^n
------------------------------
Topic No. 14
Date: Thu, 27 Mar 97 18:28:11 JST
From: vuca@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp (Vu Thanh Ca)
To: vnsa-l@csd.uwm.edu
Subject: Re: Specificity
Message-ID: <9703270928.AA03270@envi.env.civil.saitama-u.ac.jp>
To^i ra^'t ddo^`ng y' vo+'i ba'c Tri'. To^i cha? tha^'y hay ho gi` ca'i
tro` ti?a to't nhau ca?. To^i dda~ ddi.nh vie^'t ma^'y lo+`i ma^'y la^`n
ro^`i, nhu+ng tha^'y cu~ng cha(?ng dde^? la`m gi` ne^n la.i tho^i.
Co`n qua' nhie^`u vie^.c dde^? ma` la`m dda^'y. Ha^.n thu` cu~ng
ddang co`n ngu't tro+`i dda^'y. Ai tham gia SCV kha('c ro~.
Ca.
At 2:40 AM 97.3.27 -0600, VU KHAC Tri wrote:
>Cha`o ca'c ba.n,
>
>DDo.c ba`i na`y ma` thu*.c lo`ng tha^'y kho^ng vui/. Trong khi dda^'t
>nu*o*'c co`n nghe`o, da^n mi`nh co`n nhie^`u ngu*o*`i kho^?/. Vui ca'i
>no^~i gi`, gio?i ca'i no^~i gi` ma` giu*o*ng mo? "ti?a to't" nhau o*?
>ca'i xu*' na`y/. Nghe ra ma` the^m ra^`u tho^i/.
>To^i cha('c cha('n VN co' ca^u:
> "Ga` cu`ng mo^.t me. cho*' hoa`i dda' nhau"
>Nhu*ng kho^ng nho*' tu*` ba`i tho* ca na`o/. Ai bie^'t xin post cho ddu?
>ba`i/.
>
>Ca'm o*n/.
>
>VU KHAC Tri.
>
>
>>> Cha`o ba'c Tie^'n,
>>>
>>> Va^.y thi` ba'c ne^n ca^?n tha^.n ho+n.
>>
>>Ca'm o+n ba'c co' lo+`i khuye^n\. Nhu+ng tu+` xu+a dde^'n nay
>>chu+a ai co' the^? be? ca^u chu+~ cu?a to^i ddu+o+.c
>>(ta^'t nhie^n tru+` ho^`i to^i co`n ho.c pho^? tho^ng va`
>>sai chi'nh ta?). Be? chu+~ vo+'i to^i thi` e ra(`ng ba'c co`n
>>theo chu+a ki.p dda^u\.
>>
.......
------------------------------
End of VNSA-L Digest 305
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